Borederline Personality Disorder

Question 1

What is meant by personality

Answer 1

Feature of individuals that determine how we respond to life events and experiences

Question 2

Define the key element of a personality disorder

Answer 2

Enduring pattern of inner experiences and behaviour manifesting in tow or more of thinking, feelings, interpersonal relationships and impulse control
Deviates from cultural norms
Pervasive and inflexible
Leads to distress or impairment

Question 3

What is one way that personality disorders can be explained

Answer 3

They can be traced back to childhood experience and parent- child interactions

Question 4

Usually this with PDs do not see their personalities as problematic. True or false

Answer 4

True

Question 5

How does psychodynamic therapy work

Answer 5

Insight into consequences of own behaviour patter as crucial for change
Highlight maladaptive behaviours, responses, and define mechanisms and exploring alternatives
Works effectively

Question 6

What does CBT focus on in therapy

Answer 6

Mood symptoms such as depression and anxiety
Focuses on dysfunctional patterns of behaviour
Schematic focused the therapy
Not seen to be effective

Question 7

Why is it termed “borderline”

Answer 7

Patients whose symptoms did not fit readily into either classification were deemed to be on the borderline between the two constructs which are psychosis and neurosis

Question 8

What are the four categories for symptoms

Answer 8

Poorly regulated emotions
Impulsivity
Impaired perception or reasoning
Disturbed relationships

Question 9

Name 2 featured of poorly regulated emotions

Answer 9

Mood swings

Difficulty controlling anger

Question 10

Name 2 features of impulsivity

Answer 10

Suicide

Reckless behaviour

Question 11

Name 2 features of impaired perception or reasoning

Answer 11

Paranoid thinking

Unstable self image on the sense of oneself

Question 12

Name 2 features of disturbed relationships

Answer 12

Black and white thinking

Intense and unstable interpersonally relationships

Question 13

What is the DSM criteria for BPD

Answer 13

Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
Unstable self image
Impulsivity
Inappropriate intense anger or difficulty controlling anger

Question 14

BPD is often associated to what

Answer 14

History of trauma

Question 15

What are the childhood risk factors

Answer 15

Childhood abuse or neglect and rejection
Inconsistent or loveless parenting
Parental psychopathology

Question 16

What did HERMAN 1989 find with people with BPD

Answer 16

71% had been physically abused
67% had been sexually abused
62% had witnessed domestic violence

Question 17

What is a limitation of these risk factors

Answer 17

Physical, emotional and sexual abuse can co-exist and history of abuse does not always predict BPD

Question 18

How does the biological theory explain BPD

Answer 18

Reduced serotenergic activity inhibits ability to modulate or control impulsive and aggressive behaviour
Neauroimaging reveals abnormalities in a number of brain areas
Diminished serotenergic function the pfc which is a potential biological risk factor for impulsivity and affect dysregulation

Question 19

What is the object relations theory

Answer 19

Theory of relationships between people in particular between mother and infant
Within this relationship the infant develops internal relationships of self snd other and emotional tone of relationships

Question 20

What do these object relations seen as

Answer 20

Building blocks organising internal world including motivations and behaviour

Question 21

How does BPD emerge according to the biosocial model

Answer 21

From a transaction between individuals with biological vulnerabilities and specific environmental influences

Question 22

What are the 4 aspects of emotional responding

Answer 22

High sensitivity to emotional stimuli
Inability to regulate emotions
Inability to inhibit emotional response
Very intense emotional response

Question 23

What is meant by transactional

Answer 23

Two or more factors influence each other resulting in a specific outcome

Question 24

What is meant by invalidating environment

Answer 24

Painful experiences trivialised and attributed to negative traits in the child
Behaviour and emotional expression is controlled using punishment

Question 25

What are a few controversial factors surrounding the diagnostic label

Answer 25

Based on clinician judgment of what is extreme and excessive unrealistic and inappropriate or unusual behaviour which i culturally determined
No physical tests which can verify a diagnosis of BPD
Lack of research and consensus on aetiology