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Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

Name the first growths of Bordeaux and their appellation

A

Château Lafite-Rotschild: Pauillac
Château Mouton Rothschild: Pauillac
Château Latour: Pauillac
Château Margaux: Margaux
Château Haut-Brion: Pessac-Léognan

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2
Q

Name the second growths of St-Estèphe.

A

Château Cos d’Estournel
Château Montrose

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3
Q

Name the second growths of Pauillac.

A

Château Pichon Baron
Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande

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4
Q

Name the second growths of St-Julien.

A

Château Léoville Las Cases
Château Léoville-Poyferré
Château Leoville Barton
Château Gruaud Larose
Château Ducru-Beaucaillou

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5
Q

Name the second growths of Margaux.

A

Château Rauzan-Ségla
Château Rauzan-Gassies
Château Durfort-Vivens
Château Lascombes
Château Brane-Cantenac

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6
Q

Name the second growths of Pessac-Léognan.

A

There are none

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7
Q

Name the third growths of St-Estèphe.

A

Château Calon Ségur

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8
Q

Name the third growths of Pauillac.

A

There are none

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9
Q

Name the third growths of St-Julien.

A

Château Lagrange
Château Langoa Barton

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10
Q

Name the third growths of the Haut-Médoc.

A

Château Lalagune

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11
Q

Name the third growths of Margaux.

A

Château Kirwan
Château d’Issan
Château Giscours
Château Malescot Saint-Exupéry
Château Boyd-Cantenac
Château Cantenac Brown
Château Palmer
Château Desmirail
Château Ferrière
Château Marquis d’Alesme Becker

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12
Q

Name the third growths of Pessac-Léognan.

A

There are none

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13
Q

What cru and which appellation is Château Cos d’Estournel part of? What is their second wine?

A

Second growth of St-Estephe

Les Pagodes de Cos

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14
Q

What cru and which appellation is Château Montrose part of? What is their second label?

A

Second growth of St-Estephe

La Dame de Montrose

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15
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Pichon Baron part of?

A

Second growth of Pauillac

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16
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande part of?

A

Second growth of Pauillac

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17
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Léoville Las Cases part of?

A

Second growth of St-Julien

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18
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Léoville-Poyferré part of?

A

Second growth of St-Julien

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19
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Leoville Barton part of?

A

Second growth of St-Julien

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20
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Gruaud Larose part of?

A

Second growth of St-Julien

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21
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Ducru-Beaucaillou part of?

A

Second growth of St-Julien

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22
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Rauzan-Ségla part of?

A

Second growth of Margaux

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23
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Rauzan-Gassies part of?

A

Second growth of Margaux

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24
Q

What cru and appellation is Château Durfort-Vivens part of?

A

Second growth of Margaux

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25
What cru and appellation is Château Lascombes part of?
Second growth of Margaux
26
What cru and appellation is Château Brane-Cantenac part of?
Second growth of Margaux
27
What cru and appellation is Château Calon Ségur part of? What is their second label?
Third growth of St-Estephe Le Marquis de Calon-Ségur (used to be Marquis de Calon before 2013)
28
What cru and appellation is Château Lagrange part of?
Third growth of St-Julien
29
What cru and appellation is Château Langoa Barton part of?
Third growth of St-Julien
30
What cru and appellation is Château Lalagune part of?
Third growth of Haut-Medoc
31
What cru and appellation is Château Kirwan part of?
Third growth of Margaux
32
What cru and appellation is Château d'Issan part of?
Third growth of Margaux
33
What cru and appellation is Château Giscours part of?
Third growth of Margaux
34
What cru and appellation is Château Malescot Saint-Exupéry part of?
Third growth of Margaux
35
What cru and appellation is Château Boyd-Cantenac part of?
Third growth of Margaux
36
What cru and appellation is Château Cantenac Brown part of?
Third growth of Margaux
37
What cru and appellation is Château Palmer part of?
Third growth of Margaux
38
What cru and appellation is Château Desmirail part of?
Third growth of Margaux
39
What cru and appellation is Château Ferrière part of?
Third growth of Margaux
40
What cru and appellation is Château Marquis d'Alesme Becker part of?
Third growth of Margaux
41
What were négociants traditionally in Bordeaux?
An intermediary - buying fruit or wine in barrel to age in their own cellar before selling the bottled wine. Faded in influence after WW2 with estate bottling gaining popularity
42
What were courtiers traditionally in Bordeaux?
Brokers of wine - Supplying the châteaux with financial backing while gaining total control over the actual trade of wine. They are responsible for the current method of en primeur sales
43
What is the climate of Bordeaux?
Maritime
44
What influences the climate of Bordeaux?
The Atlantic and the Gironde Estuary moderate Coastal pine forests protect the Médoc from wind
45
What are the climate challenges of the Bordeaux
Rain --> grey rot Wet/damp springs & autumns --> grey rot Spring frosts --> couloure, millerandage
46
What is the Bordeaux mixture and what is it used for?
A mix of lime, copper sulfate and water To avoid fungal disease
47
Name 9 vintages since 1995 to receive 95 points or higher by Wine Spectator on the Left Bank, ordered from best to least best
2010 (99) 2005 (98) 2009, 2016 (97) 2018 (96) 1995, 2000, 2003, 2022 (95)
48
Name the 4 best vintages since 2000 for Sauternes & Barsac
2001 (97) 2009 (96) 2011 (97) 2014 (96)
49
What are the famous recent 2 vintages where Château d'Yquem did not produce their first cuvée?
1992 2012 (also 1910, 1915, 1930, 1951, 1952, 1964, 1972, 1974)
50
Name 7 vintages since 1995 to receive 95 points or higher by Wine Spectator on the Right Bank, ordered from the best to least best
2010 (98) 2005, 2015 (97) 2009 (96) 1995, 1998, 2022 (95)
51
What wine may be produced under the Bordeaux AOP?
White, red, rosé, clairet
52
Describe Bordeaux Clairet
A darker, more aromatic style of rosé that evokes the original claret wines shipped to England in the Middle Ages.
53
What main grapes are permitted for Bordeaux (Supérieur) AOP red wines?
Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Cabernet Franc Petit Verdot Malbec Carmenère
54
What "accessory" grapes (for blending) are permitted for Bordeaux (Supérieur) AOP red wines?
Arinarnoa Castets Marselan Touriga Nacional
55
What soil does Merlot prefer?
Clay It is early ripening, so the clay delays its natural vigor
56
What soil does Cabernet Sauvignon prefer?
Well-drained soils like gravel Water stress adds concentration to the grapes It has difficulty in limestone and clay
57
What soil does Cabernet Franc prefer?
Limestone-based soils, which promotes acidity and freshness in the wine
58
Why do Bordelaise plant and blend together multiple grapes?
Practicality: With all the climate dangers, there is insurance to always have harvest Complimentary: The grapes are complimentary to each other
59
What two rivers are in the Bordeaux and into which estuary do they flow?
1. Dordogne (north) 2. Garonne (south) Gironde estuary
60
Name the Médoc AOPs from north to south
(Bas-)Médoc AOP {{Saint-Estèphe AOP Pauillac AOP Saint-Julien AOP Listrac-Médoc AOP Moulis AOP Margaux AOP}} =Haut-Médoc AOP
61
What wines are permitted within the Médoc AOP?
Red only
62
What is the difference between the Bordeaux and Burgundy crus?
In Bordeaux the estate holds the cru; in Burgundy the vineyards hold the cru
63
What special thing happened in Bordeaux in 1973?
Château Mouton-Rothschild got promoted from second growth to first growth. Influenced by the self-promotion Baron Philippe de Rothschild
64
What two "additional" designations mark quality châteaux in Bordeaux?
Cru Artisan Cru Bourgeois
65
What is the Cru Artisan in Bordeaux?
A cru for exceptional stewards of the land and craft of winemaking, without the financing or apparatus of large-scale operations. The crus artisans work an average of six hectares each.
66
What is the Cru Bourgeois in Bordeaux?
Divides into three categories: - Cru Bourgeois Exceptionel - Cru Bourgeois Supérieur - Cru Bourgeois
67
How many times is the Cru Bourgeois & Artisan revised?
Every 5 years
68
Describe the general Saint-Estèphe AOP style and why
Sturdy and full-bodied. Higher percentage of Merlot due to the clay to gravel proportion
69
Describe the general Paulliac AOP style and why
Structured and long-lived. Deep gravel topsoil, so Cabernet Sauvignon thrives
70
Describe the general St-Julien AOP style and why
Elegant style. Produces less wine but more quality. 80% is cru classe
71
Describe the general Margaux AOP style and why
Often described as feminine: emphasis on floral bouquet, exotic character and finesse. Thin sandy gravel over limestone, with clay on the outlying areas.
72
What is the soil of Graves called and what does it consist of?
Boulbenes Sand, gravel, light clay
73
Describe the general St-Julien AOP style
Elegant
74
Describe the general Margaux AOP style and why
Feminine, with floral bouquet, exotic character and finesse. Thin, sandy gravel deposited over limestone. More clay in the outlying areas.
75
Describe the soil of Graves
Boulbenes Similar to the Medoc, but more sandy towards the south. Consists of sand, gravel and light clay.
76
What used to be the second red and white labels of Château Haut-Brion? What is it now?
Château La Tour Haut-Brion (red, until 2005) Château Laville Haut-Brion (white, until 2008) Now it is Château La Mission Haut-Brion
77
When was the Pessac-Léognan AOP created?
1987
78
Under what "big" appellation may sweet wine in Graves be produced? What smaller appellations are mostly used however?
Graves Supérieur AOP Cérons AOP Barsac AOP Sauternes AOP
79
What grapes are used for the Sauternes AOP sweet wines?
Sémillon Sauvignon Blanc Muscadelle
80
What are the French & Latin names for noble rot?
Botrytis cinerea Pourriture noble
81
What are typical aromas of a noble rot-affected wine?
Honey Saffron Dried fruit Ginger spice
82
Why is noble rot so present in Sauternes?
It lies at the merging of Ciron and Garonne rivers. The cool mist of the Ciron meets the warm water of the Garonne, creating humid autumn conditions for noble rot to settle.
83
When and how were the Sauternes wines classified?
Together with the Médoc 1855 classification. Classified in first and second growths, with one Premier Cru Supérieur.
84
Which Château is the Premier Cru Supérieur of Sauternes?
Château d'Yquem
85
What is the dry white wine of Château d'Yquem?
Y (Ygrec)
86
What villages are part of the Sauternes AOP?
Sauternes Barsac Fargues Preignac Bommes
87
What AOP is Fargues part of?
Sauternes AOP
88
What AOP is Preignac part of?
Sauternes AOP
89
What AOP is Bommes part of?
Sauternes AOP
90
What AOP is Barsac part of?
May either be Sauternes AOP or Barsac AOP
91
What is the prestige cuvée of Château Gilette, part of which AOP?
Crème de Tête Sauternes AOP
92
What is so special about Château Gilette's Crème de Tête?
It ages for decades on concrete vats
93
Name three notable châteaux in the northern Médoc
Château Potensac Château La Cardonne Château Tour Haut-Cassan
94
What producer is this?
Château Cos d'Estournel, second growth of St-Estèphe
95
What cru and appellation is Château Lynch-Bages part of?
Fifth-growth of St-Estèphe
96
What producer is this?
Château Latour, Pauillac
97
What producer is this?
Château Lafite-Rothschild, Pauillac
98
What producer is this?
Château Haut-Brion, Pessac-Léognan
99
What producer is this?
Château Mouton-Rothschild
100
Describe Château Sociando-Mallet
An unclassified Château just north of the AOP of Saint-Estèphe Is said to rival first growths in blind tastings sometimes
101
What producer is this?
Château Margaux in Margaux
102
What cru and appellation is Château Pontet-Canet part of?
Fifth growth of Pauillac (biodynamic!)
103
What is the second label of Château Lafite-Rothschild?
Carruades de Lafite
104
What is the second label of Château Latour?
Les Forts de Latour
105
What is the second label of Château Mouton-Rothschild?
Le Petit Mouton
106
What is the short name of Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande?
Pichon-Lalande
107
What is the third label of Château Latour?
Pauillac de Château Latour
108
What producer does this label belong to?
Château Latour
109
What producer does this label belong to?
Château Lafite-Rothschild
110
What producer does this label belong to?
Château Mouton-Rothschild
111
What producer does this label belong to?
Château Margaux
112
What producer does this label belong to?
Château Haut-Brion
113
What white wine is produced by Château Talbot?
Caillou Blanc
114
What white wine is produced by Château Lynch-Bages?
Blanc de Lynch-Bages
115
What white wine is produced by Château Mouton Rothschild?
Aile d'Argent
116
What white wine is produced by Château Margaux?
Pavillon Blanc du Château Margaux
117
What is unique about the Les Arums de Lagrange Blanc?
It is produced including Sauvignon Gris since its start in 1996
118
What white wine is produced by Château Lagrange?
Les Arums de Lagrange Blanc
119
What wine is produced under the Premières Cotes de Bordeaux name?
Semi-sweet white wine
120
What wine is produced under the Cotes de Bordeaux name?
Cross-blends of wine from all the appellations it is an umbrella for
121
What are the appellations under the Cotes de Bordeaux umbrella?
Cadillac Cotes de Bordeaux (red) Castillon Cotes de Bordeaux (red) Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux (red) Francs Cotes de Bordeaux (white and red) Ste-Foy Cotes de Bordeaux (white, red, sweet)
122
Where is Château Pape Clément located?
Pessac-Léognan
123
Describe Domaine de Chevalier
It is a Graves Grand Cru Classé of a high level, but never had a château.
124
Where is Château Haut-Bailly located?
It is a Graves Grand Cru Classé
125
Where is Château Smith Haut Lafitte located?
It is a Graves Grand Cru Classé
126
Name two very under appreciated and upcoming appellations on the right bank of Bordeaux
Fronsac Canon-Fronsac Great value-for-money wines
127
Describe the Lalande-de-Pomerol appellation
The appellation for the outlying vineyards around the villages of Néac and Lalande-de-Pomerol
128
Where is Château L'Eglise-Clinet?
Pomerol
129
Where is Château Angélus?
St-Emilion
130
Where is Vieux Château Certan (VCC)?
Pomerol
131
Where is Château Le Pin?
Pomerol Considered a "cult domaine"
132
Where is Château Pavie?
Premier Grand Cru Classé (A) in St-Emilion
133
What are St-Emilion's satellite villages to the north?
Montagne Lussac Pusseguin St-Georges They may use St-Emilion appellation
134
Where is the village of Libourne?
Pomerol
135
What grapes are used the most in Pomerol?
Merlot first Then Cabernet Franc (typically 20%)
136
Describe the classification in Pomerol
There is none
137
What may be regarded as the best Pomerol château?
Château Petrus
138
Describe the specific soil of the Château Petrus vineyard?
Distinctive blueish clay over well-drained gravel
139
Who may be regarded as the promoter of Pomerol and his family which has big influence now?
Jean-Pierre Moueix The Moueix family, who now also owns Château Petrus
140
Where is Châteaux La Fleur de Gay and La Voilette?
Pomerol
141
Where are Châteaux La Conseillante, L'Evangile, Lafleur Trotanoy?
Pomerol
142
What was the previous name of Château Hosanna?
Château Certain Giraud
143
What is this château?
Château Petrus
144
Describe the St-Emilion classification system
Revised around every 10 years Premier Grand Cru Classé A Premier Grand Cru Classé B Grand Cru Classé
145
What is St-Emilion Grand Cru?
It is not part of the classification, but it is an appellation
146
Which châteaux withdrew from the St-Emilion 2022 classification?
Château Angélus (former P. Grand Cru Classé A) Château Ausone (former P. Grand Cru Classé A) Château Cheval-Blanc (former P. Grand Cru Classé A) Château La Gaffelière (former P. Grand Cru Classé B)
147
What are the châteaux classified as Premier Grand Cru Classé A ?
Château Pavie Château Figeac (promoted in 2022)
148
What are the châteaux classified as Premier Grand Cru Classé B ?
Château Beau-Séjour Bécot Château Beauséjour (Heretieres Duffau-Lagarrosse) Château Bélair-Monange (known simply as Belair until the 2008 vintage) Château Canon Château Canon-la-Gaffelière Clos Fourtet Château Larcis-Ducasse La Mondotte Château Pavie-Macquin Château Troplong-Mondot Château Trotte Vieille Château Valandraud
149
What is this château?
Château Cheval Blanc
150
What is this château?
Château Le Pin
151
What is this château?
Château Pavie
152
What is this château?
Château Figeac
153
When was the classification of the Médoc and Sauternes drawn up?
1855
154
What are the only two adjustments to the 1855 classification?
1856: Château Cantemerle was added as 5th growth for the Haut-Médoc 1973: Mouton-Rothschild was elevated from 2nd to 1st.
155
When was the first classification of the St. Émilion Grand Cru?
1954
156
What are the newly allowed red and white grape varieties?
Red: Touriga Nacional, Castets, Marselan, Arinarnoa White: Lilorillia, Alvarinho
157
What is the growth, commune and second wine of Prieuré Lichine?
4th growth Margaux Confidences de Prieuré Lichine
158
What is the growth, commune and second wine of Ducru Beaucaillou?
2nd growth St Julien La Croix du Beaucaillou
159
What is the growth and commune of Filhot?
2nd growth Sauternes Pineau du Roy
160
What is the growth, commune and second wine of St Pierre?
4th growth St Julien None
161
What is the growth, commune and second wine of Couhins Lurton?
Grand Cru Classé Graves (white) Acte II
162
What is the growth, commune and second wine of Cos Labory?
5th growth St. Estèphe Les Charmes de Cos Labory
163
What is the growth, commune and second wine of Dauzac?
5th growth Margaux Aurore Dauzac
164
What is the Bordeaux mixture?
A spray of copper sulfate, water and lime, was developed by 1885 to prevent outbreaks of downy mildew. In French: Bouillie Bordelaise, started by Ducru Beaucaillou
165
What is the size of barrique in Bordeaux?
225L
166
What is the famous quote of Baron Philippe de Rothschild when Mouton Rothschild was elevated in 1973?
“Premier je suis. Second je fus. Mouton ne change.” (First I am. Second I was. Mouton doesn’t change.)
167
What is the Sauternes Premier Cru Supérieur?
Château d'Yquem
168
What are the Sauternes 1855 Premier Crus?
From Bommes: - La Tour Blanche - Lafaurie-Peyraguey - Clos Haut-Peyraguey - de Rayne-Vigneau - Rabaud-Promis - Sigalas-Rabaud From Preignac: - Suduiraut From Barsac: - Coutet - Climens From Sauternes: - Guiraud From Fargues: - Rieussec
169
What are the Sauternes 2e Crus?
From Barsac: - De Myrat - Doisy Daëne - Doisy-Dubroca - Doisy-Védrines - Broustet - Nairac - Caillou - Suau From Preignac: - De Malle From Fargues: - Romer - Romer du Hayot From Sauternes: - d'Arche - Filhot - Lamothe - Lamothe-Guignard
170
When were the Graves wines classified?
1959
171
What are the red wine châteaux of the Graves 1959 classification?
- Bouscaut (Cadaujac) From Martillac: - Latour-Martillac - Smith-Haut-Lafitte From Talence: - La Mission Haut-Brion - La Tour-Haut-Brion From Pessac: - Haut-Brion From Leognan: - Carbonnieux - de Chevalier - de Fieuzal - Haut-Bailly - Malartic-Lagravière - Olivier - Pape-Clément
172
What are the white wine châteaux of the Graves 1959 classification?
From Villenave d'Ornon: - Couhins - Couhins-Lurton From Talence: - Laville-Haut-Brion From Cadaujac: - Bouscaut From Leognan: - Carbonnieux - de Chevalier From Martillac: - Latour-Martillac - Malartic-Lagravière - Olivier
173
What are the 4th growths of St Estèphe?
Lafon-Rochet
174
What are the 4th growths of Pauillac?
Duhart-Milon-Rothschild
175
What are the 4th growths of St Julien?
St Pierre Talbot Branaire-Ducru Beychevelle
176
What are the 4th growths of Margaux?
Marquis de Terme Pouget Prieuré-Lichine
177
What are the 4th growths of Haut-Médoc?
La Tour Carnet
178
What are the 5th growths of St Estèphe?
Cos Labory
179
What are the 5th growths of Pauillac?
Pontet-Canet Batailly Haut-Batailly Haut-Bages-Libéral Grand-Puy-Lacoste Grand-Puy-Ducasse Lynch-Bages Lynch-Moussas d'Armailhac Pédesclau Clerc-Milon Croizet Bages
180
What are the 5th growths of Margaux?
Dauzac Du Tertre
181
What are the 5th growths of Haut-Médoc?
Belgrave de Camensac Cantemerle

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