Booster - Photosynthesis Flashcards
chemiosmosis
- Is the process in which ions diffuse across a membrane
- process occurs during photosynthesis as protons in the thylakoid lumen move through the thylakoid membrane into the stroma of the chloroplast from a high to low concentration gradient
Chloroplasts
- Are the only organelles that can conduct photosynthesis
- the organelle can absorb light energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy
non-cyclic photophosphorylation
(light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis) used to produce ATP to help power the Calvin cycle
equation: H20 + NADP+ + ADP + P → O2 + NADPH + ATP
Oxidative Phosphorylation
is the process in which ATP is synthesized through the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain in the mitochondria
Chlorophyll a
i- s located both in PSII and PSI but are named P680 and P700
- the case of P680, the chlorophyll A located in PSII best absorbs light at a wavelength of 680 nm
Cyclic photophosphorylation
primary purpose is to replenish ATP that is consumed by the Calvin cycle. Electrons located in PSI move to the first electron transport chain to generate 1 ATP instead of to NADP+reductase to create NADPH
final electron acceptor
in non-cyclic photophosphorylation is NADP+
dark reaction of C3 photosynthesis
known as the Calvin cycle
- can function without the presence of light.
Reduction
- second step of the Calvin cycle
- It utilizes 12 ATP and 12 NADPH to reduce 12 PGA into 12 PGAL
- The byproducts of this reaction are 12 ADP and 12 NADP+
- These byproducts will be used in non-cyclic photophosphorylation in the thylakoid membrane to generate ATP and NADPH to be used in the Calvin cycle again
Calvin cycle
The main purpose is to fix carbon dioxide and create glucose using ATP and NADPH as energy sources. One glucose molecule is created from two molecules of G3P
photorespiration process of fixation of oxygen by RuBisC
