Booklet 2 - Sino-Japanese War 1894/5

Question 1

4 causes of the war

Answer 1

1. Japanese imperialism
2. Japan asserting itself as an Eastern power (1885 Tianjin convention put J and C as equals)
3. Korean uprisings (Tonghak movement)
4. Trigger - Kowshing ship sank

Question 2

Korean uprisings which caused war

Answer 2

Tonghak movement (translates to Eastern learning) - wanted an independent Korea.

Question 3

what two later events did the war cause?

Answer 3

1. Scramble for China 1895 (triple intervention/Britain)
2. Boxer rebellion 1900

Question 4

what 3 things did the war show?

Answer 4

1. confirmed China was in a state of decline (Qing ended 1911)
2. End of Chinese supremacy in East Asia.
3. Showed reform was needed in China - 1898 100 days

Question 5

when was the Treaty of Shimonoseki

Answer 5

April 1895

Question 6

what were the 5 points of the Shimonoseki treaty

Answer 6

1. China recognises Korean autonomy
2. 200 million taels
3. Cedes Liodong peninsula, Taiwan and Pescadores islands
4. 4 new treaty ports (1 inland for rice)
5. Japan could manufacture goods on Chinese territory

Question 7

what part of the Shimonoseki treaty caused tension with other foreigners

Answer 7

ceding the Liaodong peninsula to Japan. Caused Triple Intervention.

Question 8

the Shimonoseki Treaty would’ve been harsher had…

Answer 8

there not been Japanese embarrassment over a failed assassination attempt of Li Hongzhang.

Question 9

the surprise defeat began what for China

Answer 9

the end of the Confucian order. Only 1 in every 1000 Chinese believed Japan could be a problem to China before the war.

Question 10

3 consequences of the war relating to Japan

Answer 10

established Japan as a major player on the world stage
1. further victories such as Russia in 1904/5
2. strengthened claims in Manchuria
3. Caused 1931 Mukden Incident

Question 11

how did the war highlight Chinese naval incompetence?

Answer 11

corrupt Admiral Ding - he was put in charge for his loyalty to Li Hongzhang and needed advisors to do his job. At the Battle at the Yalu his advisors didn’t speak English and they had to communicate in sign language.