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Books - Newman > Book 37 Hazardous Materials > Flashcards

Book 37 Hazardous Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Scene management is “key” element and most critical function performed by personnel of responding resources.

Effective use of personnel and coordinate activities of other responders is paramount.

The law enforcement agency having primary authority may enter a written agreement with other genres to assist in management.

A

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2
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

A hazardous material is any substance or material capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property.

A hazardous material becomes a HAZARDOUS WASTE when it can no longer be used for the purpose it was originally intended.

A

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3
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The Bureau of Emergency Services is principally focused on response efforts including discovery, notification,
evaluation and initiation of on-scene action, while the Bureau of Fire Prevention is involved in code enforcement and long-term preparedness measures which are implemented in coordination with local businesses.

A

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4
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

First Responder Operational:

At the operational level, a first responder to hazardous materials (FRO) responds to an incident in a defensive fashion within existing resources and capabilities to contain the release from a safe distance, to keep it from spreading, and to prevent exposures to nearby persons, property or environment.

A

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5
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

FD has full responsibility of Haz. Mat. incident except on freeway, CHP.

A

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6
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The Department’s overall responsibility at hazardous materials incidents is described in three main areas:

Assessment of the incident.

Notification of the proper agencies.

Emergency measures to minimize the effect of the hazardous condition on people, the environment, and property.

A

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7
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The Fire Department’s main responsibility centers on assessing the hazard, notifying the proper agency, and providing necessary interim measures to minimize the impact of a hazardous condition on people and the environment.

A

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8
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Once the first responder has arrived on scene, one of the initial considerations must be to establish perimeters for the incident. These perimeters will designate the Initial Isolation Zone, evacuation boundaries and Safe Refuge Area(s) for holding civilians and Fire Department
personnel who have been exposed to a hazardous product.

A

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9
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

In every case, the first responder should use the initial isolation distance recommended in the ERG as the minimum for establishing the isolation area.

A

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10
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

First responders should make every effort to contain all civilians who have been exposed to a hazardous material. A Safe Refuge Area should be established within the outer-most perimeter of the isolation area to contain those people who have been exposed.

A

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11
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The basic rules of hazardous materials response dictate an approach to an incident from upwind, uphill and upstream.

A

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12
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Once on scene, place a short length of fire line tape or other suitable material on the apparatus antennae and keep a close watch on wind direction. All apparatus should be placed for ease of egress in the event of a change in wind direction.

A

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13
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Rapid removal of the contaminant from the victim using water streams, i.e., hand lines or master stream appliances, is the single most important action associated with effective decontamination.

Prior to initiating decontamination efforts, first responders should triage patients by attempting to separate symptomatic from asymptomatic patients.

A

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14
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Secondary Decontamination, which follows Emergency Decon, is a process that includes scrubbing with soap or other solution and thorough rinsing.

Technical Decontamination is the deliberate and precise cleansing using pools, special solutions, monitoring methods, and specially trained personnel.

Respiratory Decontamination involves moving the victim from the hazardous atmosphere, and may involve oxygen therapy.

A

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15
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The best personal protective equipment for first responders engaged in decontamination is the Level B ensemble provided for every position on each fire suppression company and rescue ambulance.

A

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16
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Approximately ___% or more of the contaminants will be removed by removing clothing.

A

80

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17
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Where the hazardous material is unknown, exposure
victims are considered viable when they are able to control their movement (standing, sitting, or kneeling), or are able to respond verbally or physically.

Those victims who are unable to respond, or are unable to voluntarily control movement, may still be viable under certain conditions, e.g., the number of victims is low, they are not located in an enclosed space or the enclosed space can be adequately ventilated, and access to
decontamination and treatment is immediately available.

The existence of unprotected viable victims is a strong indication that the toxicity of the environment is below that which would impact a firefighter protected by full structural PPE and an SCBA for short exposures.

A

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18
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

To accomplish this, decontamination must be available prior to entry, and extraction teams shall use no more than
one 45-minute SCBA bottle prior to evaluation for exposure by Haz Mat personnel.

A

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19
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Although structural PPE is not designed to be chemically resistant, it can provide a level of protection sufficient to allow firefighters to perform extraction of viable victims present in a chemical, biological and radiological environment.

A

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20
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Leather footwear and gloves represent a grave risk of absorption and continuous exposure to the wearer. Consequently, turnout boots must be rubber, which prevents absorption and provides some measure of chemical resistance.

A

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21
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The donning of structural PPE and SCBA, with the personal dosimeter, provides the primary means of protection from most forms of radiation, and is sufficient to prevent injury during extraction activities.

Alpha radiation represents a risk only if inhaled or ingested, and donning an SCBA eliminates this route of exposure.

A

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22
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The first responders’ minimum PPE for extraction at a possible hazardous material event is structural turnouts, SCBA and personal dosimeter.

A

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23
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Among the factors that impact the recommended distance are the time of day (day or night), and whether it is a small spill (200 liters or less, approximately equivalent to a 55-gallon drum) or large spill (greater than a 55-gallon drum).

A

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24
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The DOT regulates the types of labels and placards that must be attached to hazardous materials transport containers and the vehicles that carry them. DOT placards are diamond-shaped signs (10 3/4 inches on each side) that are required to be affixed on each side and each end of vehicles carrying hazardous materials.

DOT labels are 4-inch diamonds (or smaller, for cylinders) affixed to non-bulk packages of hazardous materials.

A

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25
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Whenever the Department is notified of a Homeland Security Advisory System threat level of “HIGH” (ORANGE/LEVEL 4) or greater, and at such other times
determined by the Department’s Administration, the PEK/Mini-Radiac shall be worn when dispatched on all incidents.

A

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26
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Whenever the Department is notified of a Homeland Security Advisory System threat level of “SEVERE” (RED/LEVEL 5) or greater, and at such other times determined by the Department’s Administration, the following policy shall be in effect. Mini-Radiacs

shall be worn:

On any incident

When out of quarters

When away from apparatus; and

When in an enclosed space/building

A

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27
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The CBRNE acronym (also referred to as B-NICE) represents the classification of weapons of mass destruction.

Chemical

Biological

Radiological

Nuclear

Explosive

A

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28
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

First on scene Officer

Establish perimeter control

safety of FF’s and civilians are primary concern

Secure area

Collect information about the Haz Mat.

A

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29
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

2 PHASES

PHASE 1 
Asses the hazard
Take measures to control and contain
Notification 
Evacuation

Phase 2
Material to render the spill harmless
Recovery Operation

A

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30
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Strategy Elements

Assess the incident – Recognize a potential problem

Identify the substance/product

Isolate

Rescue - if possible

Evacuate – if necessary

Contain/control the release

Identify responsible parties

A

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31
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The immediate concerns of the incident are:

To protect life and safety

To reduce, diminish or lessen the danger or spread of a hazardous material

To prevent the situation from becoming worse

A

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32
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

The most common route of exposure to hazardous materials is through inhalation, which is eliminated by the wearing and use of an SCBA.

A

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33
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat Suites

Level A - Highest protection for eyes, skin and respiratory

Level B - Highest protection for respiratory, lower for skin and eyes

Level C - Lower level for respiratory, skin and eyes

Level D - No Haz Mat air pollution noted

A

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34
Q

Emergency decor also referred to as

A

gross decon

35
Q

A haz MAt liquid release will require smaller or larger isolation zone

A

smaller isolation zone

36
Q

when a victim removes their garments place in large plastic bag and Tear off the long _____ tag and place it into the large trash bag containing the patient’s clothing.

A

contaminated

37
Q

Haz Mat triage Tag

This Tag is constructed of 100% synthetic paper and is completely waterproof. It accepts ballpoint pens when wet, and can be used during decon operations.

A

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38
Q

After extraction mission all First Responders shall

A

Proceed through decor

Precede to rehab as need

be check by ALS personnel

39
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

While patients who refuse to remove clothing will be sprayed with their outer clothing on, they should be encouraged to disrobe for the following reasons:

The spray may force chemical agents through the clothing onto the skin.

Showering skin directly is more effective due to water pressure and dilution.

Rinsing clothing will result in a higher concentration of the chemical agent within the showering area, thereby increasing the chance of contamination spread through personal contact and shower water runoff.

A

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40
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Hazard Classification

1 - 
2 - 
3 - 
4 -
5 - 
6 - 
7 -
8 - 
9 -
A

Every Good FF On the Truck Plan to Rest Comfortably til Morning

1 - Explosives
2 - Gases - Flammable, non flammable
3 - Flammable liquids
4 - Flammable solids
5 - Oxidizers
6 - Toxins and Poisons 
7 - Radiological 
8 - Corrosives
9 - Misc.
41
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Disadvantages of the ERG:

Evacuation table is good for first ___ minutes, only

A

30

42
Q

Book 32 Haz Mat

Establishes the Safe Refuge Area within the Exclusion Zone adjacent to the Contamination Reduction Zone and the Exclusion Control Line.

A

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Books - Newman (11 decks)

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