Book 2 Flashcards
1
Q
conj
for the reason that:
A
because
/bɪˈkɑːz/
We need to study because we have a test tomorrow.
2
Q
n
the direction the sun rises from.
A
east
/iːst/
My window looks to the east, so I can watch the sunrise every morning.
3
Q
adj
…. things cost a lot of money.
A
expensive
/ɪkˈspen.sɪv/
My friend drives an expensive sports car.
4
Q
n
the colored part of a plant.
A
flower
/ˈflaʊ.ɚ/
She gave pink flowers to her grandmother.
5
Q
n
an area where people grow plants.
A
garden
/ˈɡɑːr.dən/
The garden is very bright and colorful in the spring.
6
Q
n
special day of celebration.
A
holiday
/ˈhɑː.lə.deɪ/
Monday was a holiday, so there was no school or work.
7
Q
adj
used mainly in negative sentences and questions and with “too”, “so”, and “as” to mean “a large number of”:
A
many
/ˈmen.i/
There are many people on the street.
8
Q
n
the number 1,000,000:
A
million
/ˈmɪl.jən/
Almost 19 million people live in Delhi, India.
9
Q
n
a very high hill.
A
mountain
/ˈmaʊn.tən/
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
10
Q
n
a space or area.
A
place
/pleɪs/
A library is a place where people can read books.
11
Q
adj
liked, enjoyed, or supported by many people:
A
popular
/ˈpɑː.pjə.lɚ/
These people are listening to a popular man speak.
11
Q
V
to glide on long pieces of wood or metal over snow.
A
ski
/skiː/
The man likes to ski and goes every weekend.
12
Q
adj
it means “like this”.
A
such
/sʌtʃ/
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset before.
13
Q
n
the amount you get when several smaller amounts are added together:
A
total
/ˈtoʊ.t̬əl/
The total cost of the items she bought was $52.
14
Q
n
a tall, narrow building.
A
tower
/ˈtaʊ.ɚ/
This is a very famous tower in Italy.
15
Q
n
a place where people live and work, and is smaller than a city.
A
town
/taʊn/
I come from a small town, and everyone there knows each other.
16
Q
n
a group of railway cars connected together.
A
train
/treɪn/
The train is very fast, so we can get home in one hour.
17
Q
V
to move forward using legs, but it is slower than running.
A
walk
/wɑːk/
The children walk to school in the morning.
18
Q
V
to look at someone or something for a period of time.
A
watch
/wɑːtʃ/
My friend came over to watch a movie with me.
19
Q
n
the Earth and all the people and things in it.
A
world
/wɝːld/
What are the names of the five oceans of the world?
20
Q
adj
feeling worried or nervous.
A
anxious
/ˈæŋk.ʃəs/
She was anxious about not making her appointment on time.
21
Q
very bad.
A
awful
/ˈɑː.fəl/
Her performance last night was awful.
22
Q
V
to be made of or formed from something:
A
consist
/kənˈsɪst/
Today’s choices for lunch consisted of pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs.
23
Q
V
to want something.
A
desire
/dɪˈzaɪr/
My sister desires a big house and lots of money.
24
# adj
showing excitement about something.
**eager**
| /ˈiː.ɡɚ/
## Footnote
The man was **eager** to talk about the good news.
25
# n
all the people who live in one house.
**household**
| /ˈhaʊs.hoʊld/
## Footnote
Our **household** is made up of my father, my mother, and me.
26
# n
a plan to do something.
**intent**
| /ɪnˈtent/
## Footnote
Her **intent** is to visit Italy next summer.
27
# n
how an area of land looks.
**landscape**
| /ˈlænd.skeɪp/
## Footnote
The **landscape** of the country is very green.
28
# V
to move something higher.
**lift**
| /lɪft/
## Footnote
The man tried to **lift** the box.
29
# V
to put objects into something.
**load**
| /loʊd/
## Footnote
The man **loaded** the boxes into a truck.
30
# n
a part of the body that fills with air when breathing.
**lung**
| /lʌŋ/
## Footnote
Having strong **lungs** is necessary for a healthy life.
31
# n
a movement that someone makes.
**motion**
| /ˈmoʊ.ʃən/
## Footnote
The police officer made a motion with his hand.
32
# n
the speed at which it happens.
**pace**
| /peɪs/
## Footnote
I ran the race at a slower **pace** than my friend.
33
# adj
shows a thoughtful and kind behavior.
**polite**
| /pəˈlaɪt/
## Footnote
The boy was very **polite**; he behaved very thoughtfully.
34
# V
to have something or own it.
**possess**
| /pəˈzes/
## Footnote
My uncle **possesses** three sheep, a chicken, a cow, and a dog.
35
# adv
happening very fast.
**rapidly**
| /ˈræp.ɪd.li/
## Footnote
The train moved **rapidly** on the tracks.
36
# V
to say something.
**remark**
| /rɪˈmɑːrk/
## Footnote
The teacher **remarked** on how quickly the students were learning.
37
# V
to look for something.
**seek**
| /siːk/
## Footnote
If I have a problem, I **seek** my sister's advice.
**seek / sought / sought**
38
# V
to make a bright light.
**shine**
| /ʃaɪn/
## Footnote
The candles are **shining** in the dark room.
39
# V
to accidentally make something fall out of its container.
**spill**
| /spɪl/
## Footnote
I **spilled** the coffee on the table.
40
# n
a thin, straight stick shot from a bow.
**arrow**
| /ˈer.oʊ/
## Footnote
The **arrow** flew through the air and hit the target.
41
# n
a fight between two armies during a war
**battle**
| /ˈbæt̬.əl/
## Footnote
The **battle** lasted for many days.
42
# n
a weapon made of curved wood and string that shoots arrows.
**bow**
| /baʊ/
## Footnote
He went hunting with a **bow** and arrow.
43
# adj
A person who is not afraid to face pain or danger.
**brave**
| /breɪv/
## Footnote
The **brave** firefighter saved the girl from the burning building.
44
# n
the leader of a group of people.
**chief**
| /tʃiːf/
## Footnote
The **chief** led the people through the mountains.
45
# n
a situation that makes it hard to do something.
**disadvantage**
| /ˌdɪs.ədˈvæn.t̬ɪdʒ/
## Footnote
Mike had a **disadvantage** in the race since he hurt his knee.
46
# n
a country that is fighting another country during a war.
**enemy**
| /ˈen.ə.mi/
## Footnote
The **enemy** prepared to attack the kingdom.
47
# n
a place where someone can enter an area.
**entrance**
| /ˈen.trəns/
## Footnote
The gate was locked, so Bill had to find a different **entrance**.
48
# adv
only just; almost not:
**hardly**
| /ˈhɑːrd.li/
## Footnote
I **hardly** saw the concert since I had to leave early.
49
# V
to plan to do something.
intend
| /ɪnˈtend/
## Footnote
I **intend** to finish college in three years.
50
# n
the sound produced by laughing about something funny.
**laughter**
| /ˈlæf.tɚ/
## Footnote
Susan's joke made her classmates burst into **laughter**.
51
# n
a thick piece of wood that is cut from a tree.
**log**
| /lɑːɡ/
## Footnote
The fire was too small, so we added another **log** to it.
52
# n
the armed forces of a country.
**military**
| /ˈmɪl.ə.ter.i/
## Footnote
I joined the **military** after I finished high school.
53
# V
to follow what a law or a person says to do
**obey**
| /oʊˈbeɪ/
## Footnote
My little sister did not **obey** my mother. Now, she is in trouble.
54
# V
to get something after a lot of effort.
**secure**
| /səˈkjʊr/
## Footnote
I was able to **secure** a good grade on my test after weeks of studying.
55
# adj
happening in a smooth, gradual, and regular way, not suddenly or unexpectedly:
**steady**
| /ˈsted.i/
## Footnote
The problem was hard, but she remained **steady** and solved it.
56
# V
to believe that someone is honest and will do what is right.
**trust**
| /trʌst/
## Footnote
I **trust** my friends; they don't tell my secrets to other people.
57
# V
to turn something around and around.
**twist**
| /twɪst/
## Footnote
She **twisted** the spaghetti around her fork.
58
# conj
if not or except when.
**unless**
| /ənˈles/
## Footnote
**Unless** you clean your room, you cannot play with your friends.
59
# n
an object used to hurt people.
**weapon**
| /ˈwep.ən/
## Footnote
Swords have been used as **weapons** for thousands of years.
60
# n
the front part of a body between the neck and stomach.
**chest**
| /tʃest/
## Footnote
The water in the lake was as high as my **chest**.
61
# n
a feeling of certainty or ability.
**confidence**
| /ˈkɑːn.fə.dəns/
## Footnote
I have **confidence** that I did well on the test.
62
# n
a result of a choice or action.
**consequence**
| /ˈkɑːn.sə.kwəns/
## Footnote
As a **consequence** of missing my bus, I had to find another way to work.
62
# n
a really bad thing that happens.
**disaster**
| /dɪˈzæs.tɚ/
## Footnote
When the car crashed, it was a **disaster**.
63
# V
to interrupt what someone is doing:
**disturb**
| /dɪˈstɝːb/
## Footnote
The loud noise **disturbed** me while I was working.
64
# V
to make a guess about something.
**estimate**
| /ˈes.tə.meɪt/
## Footnote
The boy **estimated** that he was one meter tall.
65
# V
to show respect for someone or something.
**honor**
| /ˈɑː.nɚ/
## Footnote
Each year we **honor** those who died fighting for their country.
66
# V
to make that person proud or amazed.
**impress**
| /ɪmˈpres/
## Footnote
He was able to **impress** the girls with his new dance.
67
# adj
thin and not wide object
**narrow**
| /ˈner.oʊ/
## Footnote
The bridge is too **narrow** for a car to drive across it.
68
# adj
when a color or thing is not bright.
**pale**
| /peɪl/
## Footnote
The girl's skin was very **pale**.
69
# adj
not even or smooth, often because of being in bad condition
**rough**
| /rʌf/
## Footnote
The **rough** ground hurt my feet.
70
# V
to make someone happy.
**satisfy**
| /ˈsæt̬.ɪs.faɪ/
## Footnote
It will **satisfy** my teacher if I finish all my homework.
71
# V
to make a loud noise with your mouth.
**scream**
| /skriːm/
## Footnote
The girl saw a spider and **screamed**.
72
# adj
easily upset by the things people say or do, or causing people to be upset, embarrassed, or angry:
**sensitive**
| /ˈsen.sə.t̬ɪv/
## Footnote
My teeth are **sensitive** to cold things.
73
# n
a dark area that something makes when it blocks the sun.
**shade**
| /ʃeɪd/
## Footnote
It was hot outside, so the boy sat in the **shade** of a tree.
74
# n
the ability to do hard work or exercise.
**strength**
| /streŋθ/
## Footnote
Eating good food builds up your **strength**.
75
# V
something that is added to something else in order to improve it or complete it; something extra:
**supplement**
| /ˈsʌp.lə.mənt/
## Footnote
He **supplements** his diet with fresh fruits.
76
# n
a feeling of very strong fear.
**terror**
| /ˈter.ɚ/
## Footnote
I felt a sense of **terror** when the tiger chased me.
77
# n
something bad that might happen.
**threat**
| /θret/
## Footnote
Due to the dark clouds, there was a **threat** of a bad storm.
78
# n
a person who is hurt by a bad action.
**victim**
| /ˈvɪk.təm/
## Footnote
I was a **victim** of a robbery.
79
# n
a family member from the past.
**ancestor**
| /ˈæn.ses.tɚ/
## Footnote
My **ancestors** came from Germany.
80
# n
the direction from which something is looked at.
**angle**
| /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/
## Footnote
The giraffe turned its head to see from another angle.
81
# n
a heavy shoe that goes up above a person's ankle.
**boot**
| /buːt/
## Footnote
He wore **boots** so that his feet wouldn't get wet.
82
# n
the edge of an area.
**border**
| /ˈbɔːr.dɚ/
## Footnote
The postcard had a pretty green **border** of pine needles.
83
# V
to tell someone that you are happy for them.
**congratulate**
| /kənˈɡrætʃ.ə.leɪt/
## Footnote
Bill and Angela **congratulated** each other on a job well done.
84
# n
a border for a picture or mirror.
**frame**
| /freɪm/
## Footnote
I have to get a **frame** for my friend's picture.
85
# n
the place that some believe people go to after they die so that they can enjoy perfect happiness
**heaven**
| /ˈhev.ən/
## Footnote
When I die, I hope that I go to **heaven**.
86
# adj
so amazing that it is hard to believe.
**incredible**
| /ɪnˈkred.ə.bəl/
## Footnote
I have an **incredible** story to tell you about my vacation.
87
# n
a story from the past.
**legend**
| /ˈledʒ.ənd/
## Footnote
There is a well-known **legend** about a king and his queen.
88
# V
to express admiration or approval of the achievements or characteristics of a person or thing
**praise**
| /preɪz/
## Footnote
The coach **praised** the athletes after a good practice.
89
# V
to go somewhere or to continue doing something.
**proceed**
| /proʊˈsiːd/
## Footnote
My son and I **proceeded** to the beach so we could go fishing.
90
# adj
very clear and beautiful.
**pure**
| /pjʊr/
## Footnote
The rose was **pure**. It had no dirt or imperfections.
91
# n
a family member.
**relative**
| /ˈrel.ə.t̬ɪv/
## Footnote
My **relatives** came by to see the new baby.
92
# adj
older or more experienced.
**senior**
| /ˈsiː.njɚ/
## Footnote
Because he got his job first, Bob is the **senior** chef.
93
# adj
without any sound:
**silent**
| /ˈsaɪ.lənt/
## Footnote
Since no one was home, the house was **silent**,
94
# V
to slowly fall into something.
**sink**
| /sɪŋk/
## Footnote
The boat had a hole in it, and it **sank** into the ocean.
**sink / sank or US also sunk / sunk**
95
# adj
better than average or better than other people or things of the same type:
**superior**
| /səˈpɪr.i.ɚ/
## Footnote
I think cooking outdoors is **superior** to cooking indoors.
96
# V
to close in on something from all sides.
**surround**
| /səˈraʊnd/
## Footnote
We **surrounded** the suspect on all four sides.
97
# adj
wide and solid.
**thick**
| /θɪk/
## Footnote
The fog was so **thick** that I couldn't see through it.
98
# V
to cover something on all sides.
**wrap**
| /ræp/
## Footnote
I **wrapped** his gift and put a bow on it.
99
# adv
in addition to or too.
**also**
| /ˈɑːl.soʊ/
## Footnote
I like blue, and I **also** like yellow.
100
# adv
If a machine or device does something automatically, it does it independently, without human control:
**automatically**
| /ˌɑː.t̬əˈmæt̬.ɪ.kəl.i/
## Footnote
The man **automatically** smiled when he thought about his friend.
100
# adj
A ... person has a lot of things to do.
**busy**
| /ˈbɪz.i/
## Footnote
Everyone is **busy** at the office today.
101
# aux. v.
to be able to
**can**
| strong /kæn/ weak /kən/
## Footnote
Sad news **can** make her cry.
102
# V
to remove everything from a place.
**clear**
| /klɪr/
## Footnote
I need to **clear** my desk because it is too messy.
103
# V
to shut something or cover up an opening.
**close**
| /kloʊz/
## Footnote
The man wanted to **close** the door tightly.
104
# V
to talk about something with another person.
**discuss**
| /dɪˈskʌs/
## Footnote
James began to **discuss** his report with his teacher.
105
# V
to experience something physical or emotional:
**feel**
| /fiːl/
## Footnote
The girl must **feel** happy because it is her birthday today.
**feel / felt / felt**
106
# V
to pay attention to a sound that you can hear.
**listen**
| /ˈlɪs.ən/
## Footnote
Lisa wanted to **listen** carefully to her friend.
107
# V
to come together so that you can talk or do something together.
**meet**
| /miːt/
## Footnote
Ken's mother wanted to **meet** his teacher today.
108
# n
the sound made by singing or playing musical instruments.
**music**
| /ˈmjuː.zɪk/
## Footnote
The boy makes **music** by playing a guitar.
109
# adj
usual and not strange.
**normal**
| /ˈnɔːr.məl/
## Footnote
It is **normal** to wear school uniforms in private schools.
110
# adj
making very little noise:
**quiet**
| /ˈkwaɪ.ət/
## Footnote
The man told the children to be **quiet**.
111
# V
to rest or do something enjoyable.
**relax**
| /rɪˈlæks/
## Footnote
Nicole likes to **relax** by reading books.
112
# V
to rest your mind and body, usually at night in bed.
**sleep**
| /sliːp/
## Footnote
The child goes to **sleep** in her bedroom at night.
113
# n
a strong feeling of worry caused by problems in life, work, etc.
**stress**
| /stres/
## Footnote
Dan has a lot of **stress** at work.
114
# V
to learn something by reading, memorizing, or going to school.
**study**
| /ˈstʌd.i/
## Footnote
The woman needed a quiet place to **study** for a big test.
115
# V
to say words to express your thoughts, opinions, etc.
**talk**
| /tɑːk/
## Footnote
They went someplace to **talk** to each other.
116
# V
to do a job that you get paid for.
**work**
| /wɝːk/
## Footnote
They need to **work** together to finish an important project.
117
# V
to use a pen or keyboard to make letters and numbers on paper or a screen.
**write**
| /raɪt/
## Footnote
I need to **write** a story for my homework.
118
# n
the main part of amount of something.
**basis**
| /ˈbeɪ.sɪs/
## Footnote
My grandfather gets his hearing checked on a yearly **basis**.
119
# n
the study of living things.
**biology**
| /baɪˈɑː.lə.dʒi/
## Footnote
We learned about the human heart in **biology** class.
120
# n
something that holds an animal so it cannot leave.
**cage**
| /keɪdʒ/
## Footnote
We put the parrots in their **cage** at night.
121
# n
somebody you work with.
**colleague**
| /ˈkɑː.liːɡ/
## Footnote
My **colleague** helped me finish the job.
122
# n
a country controlled by another country.
**colony**
| /ˈkɑː.lə.ni/
## Footnote
The USA was at one time a **colony** of Great Britain.
123
# V
to seriously discuss something with someone.
**debate**
| /dɪˈbeɪt/
## Footnote
The husband and wife **debated** which TV to buy.
124
# V
to leave some place so you can go to another place.
**depart**
| /dɪˈpɑːrt/
## Footnote
The plane **departed** for Italy at 3:00 this afternoon.
125
# V
to make someone sad.
**depress**
| /dɪˈpres/
## Footnote
The bad news from work **depressed** the man.
126
# adj
using or consisting of facts:
**factual**
| /ˈfæk.tʃu.əl/
## Footnote
John learns about history from **factual** books.
127
# V
to make someone very interested.
**fascinate**
| /ˈfæs.ən.eɪt/
## Footnote
The kitten was **fascinated** by the ball of yarn.
128
# n
an important job, especially a military one, that someone is sent somewhere to do:
**mission**
| /ˈmɪʃ.ən/
## Footnote
The woman's **mission** was to help sick people.
129
# adv
despite what has just been said or referred to:
**nevertheless**
| /ˌnev.ɚ.ðəˈles/
## Footnote
He is usually friendly. **Nevertheless**, he wasn't friendly this afternoon.
130
# n
a person's job.
**occupation**
| /ˌɑː.kjəˈpeɪ.ʃən/
## Footnote
My father's **occupation** is a dentist.
131
# adv
... shows an action happens in another country, across an ocean.
**overseas**
| /ˌoʊ.vɚˈsiːz/
## Footnote
John often goes **overseas** for vacations.
132
# V
to make someone agree to do something.
**persuade**
| /pɚˈsweɪd/
## Footnote
The children **persuaded** their parents to buy them gifts.
133
# n
the way you go from one place to another.
**route**
| /raʊt/
## Footnote
I saw many new houses along the **route** to the city.
134
# n
old buildings that are not used anymore.
**ruins**
| /ˈruː.ɪn/
## Footnote
I visited some interesting **ruins** in Greece.
135
# n
a person who studies something and knows a lot about it.
**scholar**
| /ˈskɑː.lɚ/
## Footnote
The **scholar** knew much about art history.
136
# adj
important person or thing
**significant**
| /sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.kənt/
## Footnote
I read many **significant** novels as a literature major in university.
136
# n
a mountain with a hole on top where hot liquid comes out.
**volcano**
| /vɑːlˈkeɪ.noʊ/
## Footnote
When the **volcano** erupted, smoke and heat filled the air.
136
# adj
wide, not narrow
**broad**
| /brɑːd/
## Footnote
The river is very long and **broad**.
137
# n
a woody plant that is smaller than a tree.
**bush**
| /bʊʃ/
## Footnote
My dad and I planted some small **bushes** around the house.
137
# adj
able to do things effectively and skilfully, and to achieve results:
**capable**
| /ˈkeɪ.pə.bəl/
## Footnote
The Olympic athlete is **capable** of lifting a lot of weight.
138
# V
to be dishonest in order to win or do well.
**cheat**
| /tʃiːt/
## Footnote
They **cheated** on the test by sharing answers.
139
# V
to give one's full attention to something.
**concentrate**
| /ˈkɑːn.sən.treɪt/
## Footnote
I could not **concentrate** on my homework because the room was so loud.
140
# V
to arrive at a logical end by looking at evidence.
**conclude**
| /kənˈkluːd/
## Footnote
I saw crumbs on my dog's face, so I **concluded** that he ate my cookie.
140
# adj
being certain of your abilities or having trust in people, plans, or the future:
**confident**
| /ˈkɑːn.fə.dənt/
## Footnote
She was **confident** she could climb the mountain due to her training.
141
# adj
large in size, amount, or extent.
**considerable**
| /kənˈsɪd.ɚ.ə.bəl/
## Footnote
They paid a **considerable** amount of money for that car.
142
# V
to communicate or make ideas known.
**convey**
| /kənˈveɪ/
## Footnote
That picture of a crying child **conveys** a feeling of sadness.
142
# adj
certain or sure to be true.
**definite**
| /ˈdef.ən.ət/
## Footnote
There is a **definite** connection between hard work and success.
142
# n
a feeling of being very happy with something.
**delight**
| /dɪˈlaɪt/
## Footnote
He felt such **delight** after getting a promotion at work.
142
# n
the place where someone or something is going.
**destination**
| /ˌdes.təˈneɪ.ʃən/
## Footnote
The **destination** of this plane is Munich, Germany.
142
# n
the furthest part or side of something.
**edge**
| /edʒ/
## Footnote
He ran to the **edge** of the cliff.
142
# n
advice and information about how to do or use something, often written in a book or on the side of a container:
**instructions**
| /ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən/
## Footnote
Just follow the **instructions** and you will be OK.
143
# n
a way from one place to another that people can walk along.
**path**
| /pæθ/
## Footnote
We followed a **path** through the woods.
143
# V
the act of using something, especially something bad or unpleasant, because nothing else is possible
**resort** (to something)
| /rɪˈzɔːrt/
## Footnote
I hope they don't resort to violence to end the argument.
143
# n
the dark area that is made when something blocks light.
**shadow**
| /ˈʃæd.oʊ/
## Footnote
The man's **shadow** was taller than he was.
143
# V
to complete something as planned.
**succeed**
| /səkˈsiːd/
## Footnote
He will continue to work on the robot until he **succeeds**.
143
# V
to believe that something might be true.
**suspect**
| /səˈspekt/
## Footnote
I **suspect** that those kids stole the money.
143
# n
a low area of land between two mountains or hills.
**valley**
| /ˈvæl.i/
## Footnote
We looked at the **valley** below from the top of the mountain.
144
# prep
next to and touching or being supported by (something):
**against**
| /əˈɡenst/
## Footnote
They both leaned **against** the wall.
144
# n
a sandy or rocky place by the ocean.
**beach**
| /biːtʃ/
## Footnote
The little girl built a sandcastle on the **beach**.
144
# V
to harm or spoil something:
**damage**
| /ˈdæm.ɪdʒ/
## Footnote
The car was **damaged** in the accident.
144
# V
to find something for the first time.
**discover**
| /dɪˈskʌv.ɚ/
## Footnote
I **discovered** some new information in this book.
144
# n
a strong feeling such as love or anger, or strong feelings in general:
**emotion**
| /ɪˈmoʊ.ʃən/
## Footnote
Anger is a common **emotion** that we all feel.
144
# V
to repair something / to make something work.
**fix**
| /fɪks/
## Footnote
My dad has many tools to help him **fix** broken things.
144
# V
to recognize somebody/something and be able to say who or what they are
**identify**
| /aɪˈden.t̬ə.faɪ/
## Footnote
I used the file to **identify** his name.
144
# n
a piece of land completely surrounded by water:
**island**
| /ˈaɪ.lənd/
## Footnote
Japan is a group of **islands**.
144
# n
all of the salt water that surrounds land.
**ocean**
| /ˈoʊ.ʃən/
## Footnote
The **ocean** can make powerful waves.
144
# adv
used when you say that something could happen.
**perhaps**
| /pɚˈhæps/
## Footnote
**Perhaps** I will eat an apple for lunch.
144
# adj
enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or easy to like:
**pleasant**
| /ˈplez.ənt/
## Footnote
The character had a **pleasant** look on its face.
145
# V
to stop something from happening.
**prevent**
| /prɪˈvent/
## Footnote
The handcuffs **prevented** me from moving my hands.
145
# n
the dry solid part of the earth's surface, or any large piece of this that sticks up out of the ground or the sea:
**rock**
| /rɑːk/
## Footnote
I stacked **rocks** on top of one another.
145
# V
to keep someone or something from being hurt.
**save**
| /seɪv/
## Footnote
I want to help **save** the world.
145
# V
to show happiness with your mouth.
**smile**
| /smaɪl/
## Footnote
The baby **smiled** at me.
145
# V
to walk
**step**
| /step/
## Footnote
Be careful where you **step**.
145
# adv
used when you say that a situation keeps going on.
**still**
| /stɪl/
## Footnote
They are **still** waiting in line to get tickets.
145
# n
the flavor something makes in your mouth
**taste**
| /teɪst/
## Footnote
The **taste** of the fruit was sweet.
145
# V
to use your hand to make something go through the air.
**throw**
| /θroʊ/
## Footnote
The pitcher can **throw** the baseball very fast.
throw / threw / thrown
145
# n
a line of water that moves higher than the rest of the water.
**wave**
| /weɪv/
## Footnote
The water was filled with large blue **waves**.
145
# n
a person who has the legal right to belong to a particular country
**citizen**
| /ˈsɪt̬.ə.zən/
## Footnote
Carlos was born in Spain. He is a Spanish **citizen**.
146
# n
a group of people who run a city or town.
**council**
| /ˈkaʊn.səl/
## Footnote
The **council** met to discuss the new laws for the city.
146
# V
to say something officially.
**declare**
| /dɪˈkler/
## Footnote
I **declared** my love for her.
America **declared** war on Japan in 1941 (= announced officially that it was at war).
146
# adj
extremely large:
**enormous**
| /əˈnɔːr.məs/
## Footnote
My dog looks **enormous** next to yours.
146
# adj
amazing; very unusual, special, unexpected, or strange:
**extraordinary**
| /ɪkˈstrɔːr.dən.er.i/
## Footnote
The fireman who rescued the girl was **extraordinary**.
146
# n
a thick cloud that is near the ground or water.
**fog**
| /fɑːɡ/
## Footnote
I did not want to drive in the thick **fog**.
147
# n
a ceremony that takes place after a person dies.
**funeral**
| /ˈfjuː.nɚ.əl/
## Footnote
They had a **funeral** for the soldier who died during the war.
147
# adj
very big.
**giant**
| /ˈdʒaɪ.ənt/
## Footnote
The **giant** truck got in my way.
147
# n
the way of thinking about someone or something.
**impression**
| /ɪmˈpreʃ.ən/
## Footnote
Most people's first **impression** of Dr. Giani is that he is mean.
147
# n
something that you want and plan to do:
**intention**
| /ɪnˈten.ʃən/
## Footnote
Do you have good **intentions**?
147
# adj
very angry or annoyed:
**mad**
| /mæd/
## Footnote
Mother got **mad** when I didn't listen to her.
147
# aux
If you ... to do an action, it is the right thing to do.
**ought**
| /ôt/
## Footnote
I **ought** to take my library books back.
147
# V
to fight against something.
**resist**
| /rɪˈzɪst/
## Footnote
He **resisted** the treatment at the hospital.
147
# V
to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret:
**reveal**
| /rɪˈviːl/
## Footnote
I will **reveal** where I hid the candy bar.
147
# V
to make a place free from something or someone.
**rid**
| /rɪd/
## Footnote
We **rid** our home of mice by using traps.
147
# n
a long sharp weapon.
**sword**
| /sɔːrd/
## Footnote
They used to use **swords** in battles in ancient times.
147
# n
a story (especially one that might be invented or difficult to believe)
**tale**
| /teɪl/
## Footnote
She told her two friends about the wild **tale** of her day.
148
# V
to capture people or animals so they cannot get away.
**trap**
| /træp/
## Footnote
We **trapped** butterflies in a net.
148
# n
the way a court discovers if a person is guilty or innocent.
**trial**
| /traɪəl/
## Footnote
He went on **trial** for robbing the bank.
149
# adj
using force to hurt or attack:
**violent**
| /ˈvaɪə.lənt/
## Footnote
The man was put into jail because he was **violent**.
149
# n
the act of allowing to enter a place.
**Admission**
| /ədˈmɪʃ.ən/
## Footnote
The **admission** ticket to the movie was $5.
150
# N
the study of the stars and planets.
**astronomy**
| /əˈstrɑː.nə.mi/
## Footnote
Harold loved looking at the stars, so he decided to study **astronomy**.
150
# v
to say or think that someone or something did something wrong or is responsible for something bad happening:
**blame**
| /bleɪm/
## Footnote
My mom **blamed** me for something I didn't do.
150
# n
the study of substances and reactions between them.
**chemistry**
| /ˈkem.ə.stri/
## Footnote
In **chemistry** class, the professor taught us about chemical reactions.
150
# prep
without taking any notice of or being influenced by; not prevented by:
**despite**
| /dɪˈspaɪt/
## Footnote
We still played the game **despite** the cold weather.
150
# n
a very big animal that lived millions of years ago.
**dinosaur**
## Footnote
I like to see the **dinosaur** bones at the museum.
150
# V
to show something so that people can go look at it.
**exhibit**
| /ɪɡˈzɪb.ɪt/
## Footnote
My painting will be **exhibited** at the fair.
150
# n
a reputation one has gained among the public.
**fame**
| /feɪm/
## Footnote
He had **fame** and fortune, but he was not happy.
150
# n
an idea about what the weather will be like in the future.
**forecast**
| /ˈfɔːr.kæst/
## Footnote
The **forecast** says that it will rain all week.
150
# n
a very smart person.
**genius**
| /ˈdʒiː.ni.əs/
## Footnote
Since she was a **genius**, she easily passed all of her school exams.
151
# adj
kind and calm.
**gentle**
| /ˈdʒen.t̬əl/
## Footnote
He is very **gentle** with the baby.
151
# n
the study of the Earth, its land, weather, etc.
**geography**
| /dʒiˈɑː.ɡrə.fi/
## Footnote
I had to draw a map for **geography** class.
151
# V
to cause problems and keep something from happening.
**interfere**
| /ˌɪn.t̬ɚˈfɪr/
## Footnote
My little sister always **interferes** when I'm trying to study.
152
# adv
to not push very hard
**lightly**
| /ˈlaɪt.li/
## Footnote
Draw **lightly** so you do not tear your paper.
152
# n
a person in charge of a school.
**principal**
| /ˈprɪn.sə.pəl/
## Footnote
My school's **principal** can be very strict with the rules.
152
# n
a line of things.
**row**
| /roʊ/
## Footnote
James put all of his toy soldiers into neat **rows**.
152
# n
a place on a wall where you put things.
**shelf**
| /ʃelf/
## Footnote
I keep my clothes on a **shelf** in my closet.
152
# n
the desire to be mean.
**spite**
| /spaɪt/
## Footnote
He snuck into his sister's room and stole her bag out of **spite**.
152
# adj
really good; excellent:
**super**
| /ˈsuː.pɚ/
## Footnote
My dad said I did a **super** job cleaning the house.
152
# adj
covered in water or another liquid:
**wet**
| /wet/
## Footnote
Since my dog was **wet**, he tried to shake all the water off his body.
**wet / wetter/ wettest**
152
# V
to hurt someone or something on purpose.
**abuse**
| /əˈbjuːz/
## Footnote
The mean man **abused** his dog when it barked too loudly.
152
# V
to have enough money to pay for something.
**afford**
| /əˈfɔːrd/
## Footnote
I've been saving my money so I can **afford** to buy a new bike.
152
# V
to cook food in an oven.
**bake**
| /beɪk/
## Footnote
My sister is a good cook. She **bakes** delicious cakes.
152
# n
a plant seed that is good to eat.
**bean**
| /biːn/
## Footnote
There are many different kinds of **beans** to eat.
152
# n
a stick of wax that is lit on fire for light or heat.
**candle**
| /ˈkæn.dəl/
## Footnote
When the lights went out, we lit some **candles**.
152
# V
to change something into something else.
**convert**
| /kənˈvɝːt/
## Footnote
The man **converted** his messy field into a garden of flowers.
153
# n
an amount of money that a person owes.
**debt**
| /det/
## Footnote
I have not paid my gas bill. I owe a **debt** to the gas company.
153
# V
to make something less than it was before.
**decrease**
| /dɪˈkriːs/
## Footnote
Hiring more police officers has **decreased** crime in the city.
154
# n
responsibility for a mistake.
**fault**
| /fɑːlt/
## Footnote
It is my **fault** that the cat ran away. I left the door open.
154
# n
an amount of money that people have
**fund**
| /fʌnd/
## Footnote
We all put money into our club's **fund**.
154
# adj
willing to give money, help, kindness, etc., especially more than is usual or expected:
**generous**
| /ˈdʒen.ər.əs/
## Footnote
The **generous** man donated several new computers to our school.
154
# n
something that is part of a food dish.
**ingredient**
| /ɪnˈɡriː.di.ənt/
## Footnote
The main **ingredients** in cake are eggs, sugar, and flour.
154
# V
to be firm in telling people what to do.
**insist**
| /ɪnˈsɪst/
## Footnote
I **insist** that you try some of these cookies.
154
# n
a condition that is not clean or neat.
**mess**
| /mes/
## Footnote
Heather's room was a complete **mess**.
154
# n
a strong material people use to build things.
**metal**
| /ˈmet̬.əl/
## Footnote
Steel is a common **metal** that is used to build buildings.
154
# V
to watch and check a situation carefully for a period of time in order to discover something about it:
**monitor**
| /ˈmɑː.nə.t̬ɚ/
## Footnote
The teacher **monitors** the students when they take tests.
154
# V
to dislike something or act against it.
**oppose**
| /əˈpoʊz/
## Footnote
I want to be a police officer because I **oppose** crime.
155
# adj
not acting to influence or change a situation; allowing other people to be in control:
**passive**
| /ˈpæs.ɪv/
## Footnote
Marcie is so **passive** that she never solves her own problems.
155
# n
the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured:
**quantity**
| /ˈkwɑːn.t̬ə.t̬i/
## Footnote
I have a small **quantity** of milk in my glass.
155
# V
to take someone to court for some harmful action.
**sue**
| /suː/
## Footnote
I **sued** the company after I slipped on a banana peel in their hallway.
155
# ADJ
good enough; enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose:
**adequate**
| /ˈæd.ə.kwət/
## Footnote
This is **adequate** for my needs.
155
# N
a feeling of worry and fear.
**anxiety**
| /æŋˈzaɪ.ə.t̬i/
## Footnote
When I have to climb to high places, I'm filled with **anxiety**.
155
# n
a large group of people who fight in wars.
**army**
| /ˈɑːr.mi/
## Footnote
The **army** protects all the people in the country.
155
# n
a very large number: 1,000,000,000.
**billion**
| /ˈbɪl.jən/
## Footnote
There are **billions** of stars in outer space.
156
# V
to cut into something.
**carve**
| /kɑːrv/
## Footnote
My father usually **carves** the turkey for Thanksgiving.
156
# V
to ask someone for help.
**consult**
| /kənˈsʌlt/
## Footnote
I will **consult** my accountant to find a way to pay my bills.
156
# n
a time when someone needs help right away.
**emergency**
| /ɪˈmɝː.dʒən.si/
## Footnote
There is a huge fire in my house! This is an **emergency**!
156
# n
the things that happen but are not controlled by a person.
**fortune**
| /ˈfɔːr.tʃuːn/
## Footnote
I have good **fortune** when I play cards.
156
# V
to promise that something will happen or exist:
**guarantee**
| /ˌɡer.ənˈtiː/
## Footnote
I will **guarantee** that the loan will be repaid.
156
# adj
of or at the beginning; shows that something is first.
**initial**
| /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/
## Footnote
The **initial** step when writing a paper is to find a good topic.
156
# adj
extreme and forceful or (of a feeling) very strong:
**intense**
| /ɪnˈtens/
## Footnote
The skunk made an **intense** odor that filled the air.
156
# V
to give something to someone for a short time.
**lend**
| /lend/
## Footnote
My sister lost her pen, so I will **lend** her mine.
156
# n
the very top of a mountain.
**peak**
| /piːk/
## Footnote
There is snow on the **peaks** of those mountains.
156
# adj
capable of being but not yet actual or real.
**potential**
| /poʊˈten.ʃəl/
## Footnote
I've thought of some **potential** problems with your idea.
157
# n
a feeling of happiness about oneself or one's things.
**pride**
| /praɪd/
## Footnote
I take **pride** in getting good grades.
157
# n
a fact that shows something is real.
**proof**
| /pruːf/
## Footnote
They used his fingerprint for **proof** that he committed the crime.
157
# V
to stop doing something.
**quit**
| /kwɪt/
## Footnote
I **quit** running because I got tired.
157
# V
to turn around in circles.
**spin**
| /spɪn/
## Footnote
The boy kept **spinning** until he fell down.
**spin / span / spun**
157
# adj
very small.
**tiny**
| /ˈtaɪ.ni/
## Footnote
A baby's hand is **tiny**.
157
# n
someone who gives lessons to one student.
**tutor**
## Footnote
My sister is bad at math. So my mother hired a **tutor** to help her.
157
# adj
clear or easy to see.
**apparent**
| /əˈper.ənt/
## Footnote
Her happiness was **apparent** from the smile on her face.
157
# adj
unable to see:
**blind**
| /blaɪnd/
## Footnote
The **blind** man didn't see the hole and almost fell in.
157
# V
to find an answer using math.
**calculate**
| /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪt/
## Footnote
I **calculated** how much money I would need to buy the car.
157
# V
to talk to someone in a friendly informal way:
**chat**
| /tʃæt/
## Footnote
Even though they were far apart, the couple **chatted** every day.
**chitchat**: informal conversation about unimportant matters
158
# V
to promise to do something.
**commit**
| /kəˈmɪt/
## Footnote
Seth wanted to go home, but he had **committed** to finishing the job.
158
# V
to make something from smaller parts.
**compose**
| /kəmˈpoʊz/
## Footnote
Tony **composed** his report using many sources of information.
158
# n
a school building where students live.
**dormitory**
| /ˈdɔːr.mə.tɔːr.i/
## Footnote
I will move into the **dormitory** at the beginning of the school year.
158
# V
to make someone extremely tired:
**exhaust**
| /ɪɡˈzɑːst/
## Footnote
John **exhausted** himself by swimming all day.
158
# n
a small glass building that is used to grow plants.
**greenhouse**
| /ˈɡriːn.haʊs/
## Footnote
We have a small **greenhouse** in our backyard where we grow plants.
158
# V
to intentionally not listen or give attention to:
**ignore**
| /ɪɡˈnɔːr/
## Footnote
I **ignored** the message he was making and kept studying.
158
# adj
clear or easy to see.
**obvious**
| /ˈɑːb.vi.əs/
## Footnote
It was **obvious** that he was tired. He kept falling asleep.
158
# n
a science that deals with energy and how it affects things.
**physics**
| /ˈfɪz.ɪks/
## Footnote
In **physics** class, we used Newton's Cradle to learn about energy.
158
# n
a part or share of something larger:
**portion**
| /ˈpɔːr.ʃən/
## Footnote
I only ate a small **portion** of the pizza.
158
# V
to tell someone to remember to do something.
**remind**
| /rɪˈmaɪnd/
## Footnote
Nick's dad **reminded** him to do his homework.
158
# n
someone who works in an office, writing letters, making phone calls, and arranging meetings for a person or for an organization:
**secretary**
| /ˈsek.rə.ter.i/
## Footnote
Rebecca asked her **secretary** to type a report.
159
# adj
very bad or serious.
**severe**
| /səˈvɪr/
## Footnote
After hitting his hand with the hammer, Sam was in **severe** pain.
159
# n
a natural ability to do something well.
**talent**
| /ˈtæl.ənt/
## Footnote
Maria has a **talent** for playing the piano.
159
# n
an idea that needs to be proved.
**thesis**
| /ˈθiː.sɪs/
## Footnote
She did not support her **thesis** very well.
plural **theses**
159
# n
a piece of clothing worn by people of the same group.
**uniform**
| /ˈjuː.nə.fɔːrm/
## Footnote
All the members of our marching band wear matching **uniforms**.
159
# n
the ability to see.
**vision**
| /ˈvɪʒ.ən/
## Footnote
The eye doctor tested my **vision**.
160
# V
to take in a liquid, gas, or chemical:
**absorb**
| /əbˈzɔːrb/
## Footnote
He used a sponge to **absorb** the water on the floor.
160
# n
a person in charge of other people at work.
**boss**
| /bɑːs/
## Footnote
My **boss** is a rice person.
160
# adj
giving money, food, or help free to those who are in need because they are ill, poor, or have no home:
**charitable**
| /ˈtʃer.ə.t̬ə.bəl/
## Footnote
I give money each year to a **charitable** foundation.
160
# n
a group of people who meet together to make decisions.
**committee**
| /kəˈmɪt̬.i/
## Footnote
The school's **committee** agreed on a new dress code for students.
160
# n
a written agreement between two people.
**contract**
| /ˈkɑːn.trækt/
## Footnote
The woman signed a **contract** when she bought the house.
161
# n
a group of workers.
**crew**
| /kruː/
## Footnote
My father has a **crew** that helps him build houses.
161
# V
to give all of something, especially your time, effort, or love, or yourself, to something you believe in or to a person:
**devote** (sth to sth/sb)
| /dɪˈvoʊt/
## Footnote
She **devotes** two hours a day to playing the piano.
161
# V
to make a hole in the ground.
**dig**
| /dɪɡ/
## Footnote
My dog **digs** in the yard so he can hide his bones.
161
# V
to eat dinner.
**dine**
| /daɪn/
## Footnote
The young couple **dined** at their home.
161
# V
to give something to a charity or organization.
**donate**
| /ˈdoʊ.neɪt/
## Footnote
We **donate** money to charities every year.
161
# adj
twice as much or twice as many.
**double**
| /ˈdʌb.əl/
## Footnote
I paid almost **double** the amount for that shirt.
161
# n
the taste of food or drinks.
**flavor**
| /ˈfleɪ.vɚ/
## Footnote
The **flavor** of the ice cream was very good.
161
# n
a group that provides money for research.
**foundation**
| /faʊnˈdeɪ.ʃən/
## Footnote
The **foundation** raised money to give scholarships to students.
161
# n
a group of people who live at the same time.
**generation**
| /ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən/
## Footnote
My grandparents are from a different **generation** than me.
162
# n
the part of an object people hold while using it.
**handle**
| /ˈhæn.dəl/
## Footnote
The pot is very hot, so pick it up by the **handle**.
162
# n
a level of material, such as a type of rock or gas, that is different from the material above or below it, or a thin sheet of a substance:
**layer**
| /ˈleɪ.ɚ/
## Footnote
There was a **layer** of snow on the tops of the houses this morning.
163
# n
soft, wet dirt.
**mud**
| /mʌd/
## Footnote
My brother played rugby in the **mud**. Now, he's dirty.
163
# adj
no bumps or rough parts
**smooth**
| /smuːð/
## Footnote
The baby's skin felt very **smooth**.
163
# n
the top layer of and on the Earth.
**soil**
| /sɔɪl/
## Footnote
The boy planted flowers in the **soil** and watered them every day.
163
# adj
being the only existing one of its type or, more generally, unusual, or special in some way:
**unique**
| /juːˈniːk/
## Footnote
Her dog is **unique**. I've never seen one quite like it.
163
# n
A place of general education in the arts and sciences; an institution for the study of higher learning
**academy**
| /əˈkæd.ə.mi/
## Footnote
There are many courses taught at the **academy** that I go to.
(academia: the name of the public garden where Plato taught his school)
164
# adj
very old.
**ancient**
| /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/
## Footnote
I want to see the **ancient** buildings in Rome.
164
# n
a flat piece of wood.
**board**
| /bɔːrd/
## Footnote
The sign was made of a few wooden **boards**.
164
# n
one hundred years.
**century**
| /ˈsen.tʃər.i/
## Footnote
Our company is celebrating a **century** of business in London.
164
# n
a fact or object that helps solve a mystery or crime.
**clue**
| /kluː/
## Footnote
The detective found some **clues** on the sidewalk.
164
# n
an event where you listen to people play music
**concert**
| /ˈkɑːn.sɚt/
## Footnote
I enjoyed the **concert** last night. The band was very good.
164
# n
the largest division of a state in a country.
**county**
| /ˈkaʊn.t̬i/
## Footnote
He wanted to represent the citizens of his **county**.
شهرستان
164
# n
a book that tells you what words mean.
**dictionary**
| /ˈdɪk.ʃən.er.i/
## Footnote
I use the **dictionary** to learn new words.
164
# V
to be real.
**exist**
| /ɪɡˈzɪst/
## Footnote
Do you really think that unicorns ever **existed**?
164
# adj
level and smooth with no curved parts
**flat**
| /flæt/
## Footnote
My parents bought a new **flat**-screen TV on the weekend.
165
# n
a polite way of talking to or referring to a man:
**gentleman**
| /ˈdʒen.t̬əl.mən/
## Footnote
My grandfather is a kind and helpful **gentleman**.
165
# adj
not easily noticed or too hard to find.
**hidden**
| /ˈhɪd.ən/
## Footnote
The **hidden** camera recorded everything in the parking lot.
165
# adv
used to show that something is possible or may be true.
**maybe**
| /ˈmeɪ.bi/
## Footnote
If I focus hard enough, **maybe** I can come up with the right answer.
165
# n
a leader in the army.
**officer**
| /ˈɑː.fɪ.sɚ/
## Footnote
The soldiers followed the orders of the **officer**.
165
# adj
existing since the beginning, or being the earliest form of something:
**original**
| /əˈrɪdʒ.ən.əl/
## Footnote
This is the **original** painting of the Mona Lisa.
165
# V
to hit something many times with a lot of force.
**pound**
| /paʊnd/
## Footnote
He **pounded** the nail with the hammer.
165
# n
the steps to take to do something
**process**
| /ˈprɑː.ses/
## Footnote
Making a cake is a long **process**.
165
# V
to make information available to people, especially in a book, magazine, or newspaper, or to produce and sell a book, magazine, or newspaper:
**publish**
| /ˈpʌb.lɪʃ/
## Footnote
That company **publishes** daily newspapers.
165
# n
a building where you watch plays, shows, and movies.
**theater**
| /ˈθiː.ə.t̬ɚ/
## Footnote
We went to the **theater** to see a play.
165
# n
the total of one's possessions (money land, etc)
**wealth**
| /welθ/
## Footnote
One of the most important things for some people is **wealth**.
165
# n
a goal someone wants to make happen.
**aim**
| /eɪm/
## Footnote
My **aim** is to become a helicopter pilot.
165
# V
to put two things together.
**attach**
| /əˈtætʃ/
## Footnote
I **attached** the socks to the clothesline to dry.
165
# V
to risk money on the result of a game or a business.
**bet**
| /bet/
## Footnote
How much will you **bet** that your horse will win?
**bet - bet - bet**
166
# n
a vehicle pulled by a horse.
**carriage**
| /ˈker.ɪdʒ/
## Footnote
We took a **carriage** ride in the park.
166
# adj
having a simple, traditional style that is always fashionable:
**classic**
| /ˈklæs.ɪk/
## Footnote
The athlete made a **classic** mistake-he started running too soon.
166
# V
to travel a long distance to get to work.
**commute**
| /kəˈmjuːt/
## Footnote
I usually **commute** to work on the train.
166
# V
to make sure something is correct.
**confirm**
| /kənˈfɝːm/
## Footnote
Winning the game **confirmed** that James was a good player.
166
# V
to say bad things about someone or something.
**criticize**
| /ˈkrɪt̬.ɪ.saɪz/
## Footnote
He **criticized** his wife for spending too much money.
166
# V
to not be the same as another person or thing.
**differ**
| /ˈdɪf.ɚ/
## Footnote
I **differ** from my brother: he is short, while I am tall.
166
# n
the money that people spend on something.
**expense**
| /ɪkˈspens/
## Footnote
She wrote down all the **expenses** for her trip.
166
# adj
official or serious.
**formal**
| /ˈfɔːr.məl/
## Footnote
It was a **formal** dinner, so we wore our best clothes.
166
# n
how tall someone or something is.
**height**
| /haɪt/
## Footnote
My **height** is 168 centimeters.
166
# V
to create something that never existed before.
**invent**
| /ɪnˈvent/
## Footnote
My grandfather has **invented** some Interesting things.
166
# adj
younger or less experienced person
**junior**
| /ˈdʒuː.njɚ/
## Footnote
When she started at the company, she was only a **junior** manager.
166
# n
the act of doing or making something.
**labor**
| /ˈleɪ.bɚ/
## Footnote
Building the house took a lot of **labor**.
166
# n
someone who fixes vehicles or machines.
**mechanic**
| /məˈkæn.ɪk/
## Footnote
We took the car to the **mechanic** to be fixed.
166
# adj
the most important one.
**prime**
| /praɪm/
## Footnote
Dirty air is a **prime** cause of illness.
166
# V
to move into a different place or direction.
**shift**
| /ʃɪft/
## Footnote
He **shifted** to the other side of the table to eat his breakfast.
166
# n
a sound or action that tells someone to do something.
**signal**
| /ˈsɪɡ.nəl/
## Footnote
The coach blew his whistle as a **signal** to begin the game.
167
# adj
honest, especially about emotions or opinions.
**sincere**
| /sɪnˈsɪr/
## Footnote
He sounded **sincere** when he apologized to me.
167
# n
the quality of a person being able to do something well.
**ability**
| /əˈbɪl.ə.t̬i/
## Footnote
His swimming **abilities** let him cross the entire lake.
167
# n
the growing of plants and raising of animals for food.
**agriculture**
| /ˈæɡ.rə.kʌl.tʃɚ/
## Footnote
The farmer studied **agriculture** in college.
167
# n
a funny drawing.
**cartoon**
| /kɑːrˈtuːn/
## Footnote
Sometimes, people draw **cartoons** for the newspaper.
167
# n
the top of a room.
**ceiling**
| /ˈsiː.lɪŋ/
## Footnote
He painted the **ceiling** with a special roller.
167
# V
to make a person sure of something.
**convince**
| /kənˈvɪns/
## Footnote
She **convinced** me to buy the house.
167
# adj
interested in learning about people or things around you:
**curious**
| /ˈkjʊr.i.əs/
## Footnote
I opened up the clock because I was **curious** about how it worked.
167
# V
to wait to do something
**delay**
| /dɪˈleɪ/
## Footnote
I was **delayed** at the airport for over two hours.
167
# n
a book in which people write their personal experiences.
**diary**
| /ˈdaɪr.i/
## Footnote
I do not let anybody read my **diary**.
167
# n
a particular part of something.
**element**
| /ˈel.ə.mənt/
## Footnote
Tackling an opponent is Johnny's favorite **element** of American football.
167
# n
great trust or confidence in something or someone:
**faith**
| /feɪθ/
## Footnote
The sick girl had **faith** in doctors. She knew they would make her better.
168
# n
a food crop such as wheat, corn, rice, or oats.
**grain**
| /ɡreɪn/
## Footnote
The farmer planted two fields of **grain** this year.
168
# V
to welcome someone with particular words or a particular action, or to react to something in the stated way:
**greet**
| /ɡriːt/
## Footnote
When my friend came over, I **greeted** him at the door.
168
# V
to search for something or learn about it.
**investigate**
| /ɪnˈves.tə.ɡeɪt/
## Footnote
The detective went to **investigate** the crime.
168
# n
a feeling of great happiness.
**joy**
| /dʒɔɪ/
## Footnote
I love baseball and I feel **joy** when I play.
168
# n
a tag that tells about something.
**label**
| /ˈleɪ.bəl/
## Footnote
The **label** on the back of your shirt will tell you what size it is.
168
# n
a religious person who lives a simple life.
**monk**
| /mʌŋk/
## Footnote
The **monks** knew a lot about religion.
168
# adj
unusual; strange or unexpected:
## Footnote
unusual.
**odd**
| /ɑːd/
## Footnote
Her cat is **odd**. It walks on two feet.
168
# V
to stop doing something for a while.
**pause**
| /pɑːz/
## Footnote
Since she was so hungry, she **paused** to make a snack.
168
# n
a person trained to perform religious duties.
**priest**
| /priːst/
## Footnote
The **priest** taught us about God.
168
# n
a person's job.
**profession**
| /prəˈfeʃ.ən/
## Footnote
He loved sailing, so he chose to work on ships as a **profession**.
168
# n
a round object that is thrown, kicked, or hit in a game or sport.
**ball**
| /bɑːl/
## Footnote
Seth bought a new soccer **ball**.
168
# n
the lowest part, point, or level of something.
**bottom**
| /ˈbɑː.t̬əm/
## Footnote
Sarah is so tall that her feet can touch the **bottom** of the swimming pool.
168
# n
a business or organization that makes or sells goods or services.
**company**
| /ˈkʌm.pə.ni/
## Footnote
I want to work for a small software **company**.
169
# V
to take liquid into the body through the mouth.
**drink**
| /drɪŋk/
## Footnote
The woman likes to **drink** water after she exercises.
169
# determiner, pronoun
some, or a small number of something:
**few**
| /fjuː/
## Footnote
I have only a **few** coins.
169
# n
a row of people or things.
**line**
| /laɪn/
## Footnote
This is the longest **line** I have ever seen.
170
# n
an animal such as a cat or dog that people keep and care for.
**pet**
| /pet/
## Footnote
Tyler likes to spend time with his **pet** dog.
170
# n
something grown or made in a factory in order to be sold.
**product**
| /ˈprɑː.dʌkt/
## Footnote
There's no room for even one more **product** in Melissa's bag.
170
# adj
in charge of someone or something.
**responsible**
| /rɪˈspɑːn.sə.bəl/
## Footnote
Peter is **responsible** for leading his cepartment.
170
# V
to give something to someone in exchange for money.
**sell**
| /sel/
## Footnote
This man's job is to **sell** houses.
170
# n
a reptile with a long body and no legs:
**snake**
| /sneɪk/
## Footnote
Be careful of the **snake** in the tree.
2nd meaning (VERB): to move along a route that includes a lot of twists or bends: The river **snakes** through some of the most spectacular countryside in France.
170
# V
to use the legs and feet to hold the body upright
**stand**
| /stænd/
## Footnote
Allan prefers to **stand** and work at his desk.
**stand / stood / stood**
170
# adj
unusual or surprising.
**strange**
| /streɪndʒ/
## Footnote
They are wearing **strange** masks.
170
# n
a drink made by pouring boiling water onto dried leaves
**tea**
| /tiː/
## Footnote
Many people drink green **tea** because it has many health benefits.
170
# V
to examine something to see if its quality is good.
**test**
| /test/
## Footnote
His job is to **test** the electricity to make sure it works correctly.
170
# n - anatomy
the movable muscle inside the mouth that is used to speak, eat, and drink.
**tongue**
| /tʌŋ/
## Footnote
The cat uses its **tongue** to drink water.
171
# prep
refers to two or more people or things.
**they**
| /ðeɪ/
## Footnote
**They** are playing a fun game.
171
# n
a particular kind or group of things or people.
**type**
| /taɪp/
## Footnote
Tulips are a **type** of flower.
171
# adv
(used to add emphasis to an adjective or adverb) to a great degree or extremely:
**very**
| /ˈver.i/
## Footnote
An elephant is a **very** big animal.
172
# V
to stay in a place until an expected event happens.
**wait**
| /weɪt/
## Footnote
She has to **wait** for the airplane to arrive.
172
# V
to finish something.
**accomplish**
| /əˈkɑːm.plɪʃ/
## Footnote
He **accomplished** his goal of running ten miles.
172
# V
to have a positive opinion of someone or something:
**approve**
| /əˈpruːv/
## Footnote
Her co-workers **approved** her new plan.
172
# adj
close to an exact amount, number, or time.
**approximate**
| /əˈprɑːk.sə.mət/
## Footnote
My **approximate** height is two meters.
172
# n
something that blocks a path or way.
**barrier**
| /ˈber.i.ɚ/
## Footnote
The Great Wall was a **barrier** between China and its enemies.
172
# V
to notice or find something.
**detect**
## Footnote
The boy ran to the kitchen when he **detected** the smell of cookies.
172
# n
something that you have to do because it is part of your job, or something that you feel is the right thing to do:
**duty**
| /ˈduː.t̬i/
## Footnote
It is parents' **duty** to take care of their children.
172
# adj
the first or most simple thing.
**elementary**
| /ˌel.əˈmen.t̬ɚ.i/
## Footnote
Children go to **elementary** school before high school.
172
# n
It happens when something is not done right.
**failure**
| /ˈfeɪ.ljɚ/
## Footnote
My cooking ended in **failure** because I burned the food.
173
# adj
something happens slowly.
**gradual**
| /ˈɡrædʒ.u.əl/
## Footnote
Children learn to read at a **gradual** pace. They do not learn right away.
173
# n
a person who moves to a different country.
**immigrant**
| /ˈɪm.ə.ɡrənt/
## Footnote
My parents were **immigrants**. They came from Poland.
173
# V
to put something inside something else:
**insert**
| /ɪnˈsɝːt/
## Footnote
He **inserted** an extra sentence into the story./
**Insert** the key in/into the lock.
174
# n
a very short amount of time.
**instant**
| /ˈɪn.stənt/
## Footnote
A microwave oven cooks food in an instant.
174
# n
the state of being poor.
**poverty**
| /ˈpɑː.vɚ.t̬i/
## Footnote
**Poverty** is a problem in many countries around the world.
174
# V
to behave as if something is true when you know that it is not, especially in order to deceive people or as a game:
**pretend**
| /prɪˈtend/
## Footnote
The boy liked to **pretend** he was a king.
174
# n
a position in an organization, such as the army, showing the importance of the person having it:
**rank**
| /ræŋk/
## Footnote
The man got to the **rank** of captain in the navy.
174
# n
the act of getting praise from other people.
**recognition**
| /ˌrek.əɡˈnɪʃ.ən/
## Footnote
The hero got **recognition** for his brave deed.
174
# V
to make something cold.
**refrigerate**
| /rɪˈfrɪdʒ.ə.reɪt/
## Footnote
Supermarkets **refrigerate** fruit to make it last long.
174
# n
the money people pay to live in a certain place.
**rent**
| /rent/
## Footnote
To live in this house, I have to pay **rent** at the start of each month.
175
# V
to leave a job, usually because of old age.
**retire**
| /rɪˈtaɪr/
## Footnote
My father is sixty-five years old. He is about to **retire** from work.
175
# n
a number that tells a fact about something.
**statistic**
| /stəˈtɪs.tɪk/
## Footnote
The **statistics** showed that we did just as well this year as last year.
175
# n
unexpected, and may cause some trouble.
**accident**
| /ˈæk.sə.dənt/
## Footnote
He damaged the car in an **accident**.
175
# n
a person who goes into outer space.
**astronaut**
| /ˈæs.trə.nɑːt/
## Footnote
The **astronaut** was walking on the moon.
175
# adj
not asleep.
**awake**
| /əˈweɪk/
## Footnote
Sometimes, I lay **awake** in bed because I am not tired.
175
# n
the feeling of not being afraid.
**courage**
| /ˈkɝː.ɪdʒ/
## Footnote
The man had the **courage** to touch the lion.
175
# V
to move on top of water without sinking.
**float**
| /floʊt/
## Footnote
The boy's toy boat **floated** in the pool.
175
# V
to allow someone to have something.
**grant**
| /ɡrænt/
## Footnote
The teacher **granted** us a break after studying hard all day.
176
# n
the force that makes things fall to Earth.
**gravity**
| /ˈɡræv.ə.t̬i/
## Footnote
There is no **gravity** in space.
**[Link](https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/what-is-gravity/en/#:~:text=Gravity%20is%20the%20force%20by,in%20orbit%20around%20the%20sun.)**
176
# n
a beautiful stone that is worth a lot of money.
**jewel**
| /ˈdʒuː.əl/
## Footnote
A diamond is one of the most expensive **jewels** in the world.
176
# n
a person who works in a mine.
**miner**
| /ˈmaɪ.nɚ/
## Footnote
The **miner** was looking for gold.
176
# n
a type of substance found in the Earth.
**mineral**
| /ˈmɪn.ər.əl/
## Footnote
Rocks are made up of different kinds of **minerals**.
176
# V
to be active and do something.
**participate**
| /pɑːrˈtɪs.ə.peɪt/
## Footnote
The students **participated** in the school play.
176
# n
the act of allowing some action.
**permission**
| /pɚˈmɪʃ.ən/
## Footnote
I have **permission** to drive my mom's car.
176
# V
to make a liquid come out of a container.
**pour**
| /pɔːr/
## Footnote
I **poured** some milk into my sister's cup.
176
# adj
natural material and has not been processed.
**raw**
| /rɑː/
## Footnote
The company dumped **raw** sewage into the river.
176
# n
a machine sent into space to get information.
**satellite**
| /ˈsæt̬.əl.aɪt/
## Footnote
The **satellite** was traveling around the Earth.
176
# n
a set of numbers, amounts, etc., used to measure or compare the level of something:
**scale**
| /skeɪl/
## Footnote
I was surprised by the **scale** of the buildings in the downtown area.
176
# V
to not do or not have something that you usually do or that you should do; to avoid:
**skip**
| /skɪp/
## Footnote
He **skipped** work to get more sleep.
177
# V
to make your arms or legs reach out.
**stretch**
| /stretʃ/
## Footnote
She **stretched** her body before exercising.
177
a tool people use to look at the stars.
**telescope**
| /ˈtel.ə.skoʊp/
## Footnote
With a **telescope**, you can see the moon and stars easily.
177
# adv
An action which happens below the surface of the Earth.
**underground**
| /ˈʌn.dɚ.ɡraʊnd/
## Footnote
Subway trains travel **underground**.
178
# n
something that warns people of danger.
**alarm**
| /əˈlɑːrm/
## Footnote
When the students heard the fire **alarm**, they left the building.
178
# V
to catch someone for doing something bad.
**arrest**
| /əˈrest/
## Footnote
The man was **arrested** for breaking the law.
178
# n
a prize for doing something well.
**award**
| /əˈwɔːrd/
## Footnote
He got an **award** for having the best grades in class.
178
# n
a group of animals within a species.
breed
| /briːd/
## Footnote
I like small dog **breeds**, such as terriers.
breed / bred / bred
178
# n
a round container to put things in.
**bucket**
| /ˈbʌk.ɪt/
## Footnote
I filled the **bucket** with water.
178
# n
a game or a race.
**contest**
| /ˈkɑːn.test/
## Footnote
The girls had a **contest** to see who could jump higher.
178
# V
to prove that someone did a bad thing.
**convict**
| /kənˈvɪkt/
## Footnote
He was **convicted** of the crime and sent to jail.
178
# n
an event that is held to celebrate a particular thing.
**festival**
| /ˈfes.tə.vəl/
## Footnote
I heard the song at the music **festival** in London.
178
# n
the part of a house where people put their cars.
**garage**
| /ɡəˈrɑːʒ/
## Footnote
My car does not get dirty because I keep it in the **garage**.
179
# n
a person who writes news stories.
**journalist**
| /ˈdʒɝː.nə.lɪst/
## Footnote
The **journalist** took notes for a story he was writing.
179
# n
a young dog.
**pup**
| /pʌp/
## Footnote
All the girl wanted for her birthday was a **pup**.
179
# V
to have or do things that are needed for something.
**qualify**
| /ˈkwɑː.lə.faɪ/
## Footnote
He **qualified** to go to the final match by beating the opponent
179
# V
to fix something
**repair**
| /rɪˈper/
## Footnote
I **repaired** the flat tire on my car.
180
# V
to start something again after taking a break.
**resume**
| /rɪˈzuːm/
## Footnote
I put the newspaper down to eat breakfast. Then, I **resumed** reading.
180
# V
to take property by using force.
**rob**
| /rɑːb/
## Footnote
A thief has **robbed** me of my passport.
180
# V
to slide and fall down.
**slip**
| /slɪp/
## Footnote
The man **slipped** on the wet floor.
180
# V
to some degree, but not to a large degree.
**somewhat**
| /ˈsʌm.wɑːt/
## Footnote
James was **somewhat** upset when he had to move heavy boxes.
180
# adj
firmly fixed or not likely to move or change:
**stable**
| /ˈsteɪ.bəl/
## Footnote
The chair is **stable**. Its legs are strong.
180
# n
a soft piece of paper people use to wipe their noses.
**tissue**
| /ˈtɪs.juː/
## Footnote
There was a box of **tissue** on the table.
181
# n
the ground just outside of a house.
**yard**
| /jɑːrd/
## Footnote
The girls jumped rope in the **yard**.
181
# adj
better than all the others.
**best**
| /best/
## Footnote
I got the **best** score on the math test.
181
# n
a small piece of plastic or paper used to buy or use things.
**card**
| /kɑːrd/
## Footnote
Adam used his library **card** to borrow a book.
181
# n
a large group of people who are together in one place.
**crowd**
| /kraʊd/
## Footnote
The **crowd** waved to the camera.
181
# n
a period of twenty-four hours, beginning at midnight.
**day**
| /deɪ/
## Footnote
There are two more **days** until the weekend.
181
# n
a type of food that is cooked in a particular way.
**dish**
| /dɪʃ/
## Footnote
My favorite **dish** at the restaurant is chicken curry.
181
# adj
needing little effort; not difficult to do.
**easy**
| /ˈiː.zi/
## Footnote
Karen is happy because her English homework is **easy**.
181
# V
to do or see something or have something happen to you
**experience**
| /ɪkˈspɪr.i.əns/
## Footnote
Going to the concert was the best thing I've ever **experienced**.
181
# n
a place where people stay overnight when they are traveling.
**hotel**
| /hoʊˈtel/
## Footnote
This family is staying at their favorite **hotel**.
181
# n
sixty minutes
**hour**
| /aʊr/
## Footnote
The man waited for the train for over an **hour**.
181
# n
a form of energy or brightness that makes it possible to see something.
**light**
| /laɪt/
## Footnote
I will turn on the **light** so that you can see.
181
# n
a place where people buy and sell products or food.
**market**
| /ˈmɑːr.kɪt/
## Footnote
I go to the **market** every weekend to buy vegetables.
182
# V
to think about and arrange the details of something you want to do.
**plan**
| /plæn/
## Footnote
It's Sam's turn to **plan** the company party.
182
# n
the amount of money needed to pay for something.
**price**
| /praɪs/
## Footnote
Julie is checking the **price** of a sweater.
182
# adj
not long or not tall.
**short**
| /ʃɔːrt/
## Footnote
The days are **short** in the winter.
182
# V
to visit places where goods are sold in order to look at and buy things.
**shop**
| /ʃɑːp/
## Footnote
Tom decided to **shop** for groceries on his way home.
182
# n
a place where buses and trains stop for passengers.
**station**
| /ˈsteɪ.ʃən/
## Footnote
This man is waiting at the train **station**.
183
# V
to cause something that is unexpected.
**surprise**
| /sɚˈpraɪz/
## Footnote
His parents decided to **surprise** him with a puppy.
183
# n
a group of related parts that move or work together.
**system**
| /ˈsɪs.təm/
## Footnote
This device controls the building's heating **system**.
183
# n
a car and driver that you pay to take you somewhere.
**taxi**
| /ˈtæk.si/
## Footnote
Gary drives a **taxi**, so he knows the roads very well.
183
# n
the word for the number 2
**two**
| /tuː/
## Footnote
**Two** friends study together at the coffee shop.
183
# n
the act of sitting in a tub of water in order to get clean.
**bath**
| /bæθ/
## Footnote
After playing in the dirt, the boy took a **bath**.
183
# V
to move something so it is not straight.
**bend**
| /bend/
## Footnote
Lee **bent** over and picked up the paper on the ground.
183
# V
to break up food by using the mouth and teeth.
**chew**
| /tʃuː/
## Footnote
I always **chew** my food carefully before swallowing it.
183
# adj
a physical problem that makes some activities difficult.
**disabled**
| /dɪˈseɪ.bəld/
## Footnote
The **disabled** man used a wheelchair to move around.
183
# adj
extremely good:
**fantastic**
| /fænˈtæs.tɪk/
## Footnote
The student did a **fantastic** job on his project and got an award.
183
# n
a story that is not true.
**fiction**
| /ˈfɪk.ʃən/
## Footnote
I enjoy reading works of **fiction** because they are very entertaining
183
# n
a piece of colored cloth that represents something.
**flag**
| /flæɡ/
## Footnote
Our country has a beautiful **flag**.
184
# V
to look at something carefully.
**inspect**
| /ɪnˈspekt/
## Footnote
The mechanic **inspected** our car to see if it had any problems.
184
# n
a type of magazine that deals with an academic subject.
**journal**
| /ˈdʒɝː.nəl/
## Footnote
Mi-young was busy working on an article for an art **journal**.
184
# n
a substance that is neither solid nor gas.
**liquid**
| /ˈlɪk.wɪd/
## Footnote
Water is the most important **liquid** for life.
184
# V
to feel surprise and interest in something.
**marvel**
| /ˈmɑːr.vəl/
## Footnote
We **marveled** at her excellent piano playing.
184
# n
to successfully fix a problem.
**overcome**
| /ˌoʊ.vɚˈkʌm/
## Footnote
She **overcame** her shyness and spoke in front of the class.
184
# V
to remember something.
**recall**
| /ˈriː.kɑːl/
## Footnote
She was trying to **recall** what she had told her friend.
185
# V
to wish that something hadn't happened.
**regret**
| /rɪˈɡret/
## Footnote
I **regret** that I was mean to my sister.
185
# n
a person's spirit.
**soul**
| /soʊl/
## Footnote
Some people believe that the **soul** lives after the body dies.
185
# adj
something is enough, in quality or quantity.
**sufficient**
| /səˈfɪʃ.ənt/
## Footnote
After eating a **sufficient** amount of food, I left the table.
185
# n
medical treatment involving a doctor cutting into a body.
**surgery**
| /ˈsɝː.dʒər.i/
## Footnote
I needed **surgery** to repair my leg after the accident.
185
# adj
difficult to do or to deal with:
**tough**
| /tʌf/
## Footnote
The man passed his driving test even though it was very **tough**.
185
# n
a pipe through which water or air passes.
**tube**
| /tuːb/
## Footnote
The pile of **tubes** was going to be put in the ground.
185
# n
what something is worth.
**value**
| /ˈvæl.juː/
## Footnote
Your love for me has greater **value** than gold.
185
# n
the smallest unit of a substance.
**atom**
| /ˈæt̬.əm/
## Footnote
A molecule consists of a combination of two or more **atoms**.
186
# adj
good to look at; very attractive
**beautiful**
| /ˈbjuː.t̬ə.fəl/
## Footnote
There was a **beautiful** sunset
186
# n
the distance from one side to the other side of something.
**breadth**
| /bredθ/
## Footnote
The **breadth** of the northern wall of the house is twenty meters.
186
# n
an object in space made of ice and rock with a tail of glowing dust.
**comet**
| /ˈkɑː.mɪt/
## Footnote
**Comets** take many decades to complete an orbit around a star.
186
# V
to put things over something.
**cover**
| /ˈkʌv.ɚ/
## Footnote
The Earth was **covered** with clouds.
186
# n
the feeling of having no hope.
**despair**
| /dɪˈsper/
## Footnote
After we lost the big account, our salespeople were filled with **despair**.
186
# V
to make or to shape something.
**form**
| /fɔːrm/
## Footnote
They **formed** a new government.
186
# n
a small part of something
**fragment**
| /ˈfræɡ.mənt/
## Footnote
After the light broke, there were **fragments** of glass to clean up.
186
# n
an extremely large collection of star systems.
**galaxy**
| /ˈɡæl.ək.si/
## Footnote
Our solar system is located in the outer area of our **galaxy**.
(The term “galaxy” comes from the Greek word “galaxias”, meaning “milky”. This is a reference to the Milky Way galaxy.)
186
# n
a state of almost complete darkness or sadness.
**gloom**
| /ɡluːm/
## Footnote
In the **gloom** of the morning, it was difficult to see the boat on the lake.
186
# adj
very big; big in size or amount:
**large**
| /lɑːrdʒ/
## Footnote
I was frightened by a **large** bird.
187
# n
an object that travels around our Earth.
**moon**
| /muːn/
## Footnote
The **moon** looks beautiful tonight.
187
# V
to send out energy or heat.
**radiate**
| /ˈreɪ.di.eɪt/
## Footnote
The heat from the fireplace **radiated** throughout the room.
187
# V
to move around without a plan or purpose.
**roam**
| /roʊm/
## Footnote
All day, the cows **roamed** around the field eating grass.
187
# adj
lonely or the only one.
**solitary**
| /ˈsɑː.lə.ter.i/
## Footnote
The only thing in the room was a **solitary** chair.
188
# n
the full range of color ranging from red to violet.
**spectrum**
| /ˈspek.trəm/
## Footnote
You can see the entire **spectrum** in a rainbow.
188
# n
a three-dimensional round shape, like a ball.
**sphere**
| /sfɪr/
## Footnote
The balloons were inflated into a variety of colorful **spheres**.
188
# n
a bright shining thing in the night sky.
**star**
| /stɑːr/
## Footnote
The **stars** come out at night.
(The Proto-Germanic word “*sternan-” is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root “*ster-” which means “star”)
189
# n
the position of something or someone in relation to others.
**status**
| /ˈsteɪ.t̬əs/
## Footnote
She had achieved the **status** of being the smartest girl in the class.
190
# adj
not good to look at.
**ugly**
| /ˈʌɡ.li/
## Footnote
It was an ugly sight.
190
# V
to blame someone for doing something
**accuse**
| /əˈkjuːz/
## Footnote
She **accused** her brother of breaking her computer.
190
# V
to change something so it is better.
**adjust**
| /əˈdʒʌst/
## Footnote
He **adjusted** the old guitar to make it sound better.
190
# V
to do something that is funny or entertaining.
**amuse**
| /əˈmjuːz/
## Footnote
The singer was very good. She **amused** the crowd.
190
# n
the hard, colorful material formed by the shells of animals.
**coral**
| /ˈkɔːr.əl/
## Footnote
The diver admired the beautiful **coral** under the water.
190
# n
a cloth made from the fibers of the cotton plant.
**cotton**
| /ˈkɑː.t̬ən/
## Footnote
I like to wear clothes made from **cotton** in the summer.
190
# V
to hit and break something.
**crash**
| /kræʃ/
## Footnote
There was a loud noise when the car **crashed** into the tree.
190
# n
a wooden floor built outside of a house or the floor of a ship.
**deck**
| /dek/
## Footnote
A ship will store many supplies below its **deck**.
190
# V
to become involved, or have contact, with someone or something:
**engage**
| /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/
## Footnote
Dad was **engaged** in sawing a piece of wood in half.
190
# adj
solid but not too hard.
**firm**
| /fɝːm/
## Footnote
He sleeps better on a **firm** bed.
191
# n
a substance that is used to provide heat or power, usually by being burned:
**fuel**
| /ˈfjuː.əl/
## Footnote
Wood is the **fuel** that burns to make heat in this fire.
192
# adj
big and liked by people.
**grand**
| /ɡrænd/
## Footnote
The **grand** mountain rose high into the sky.
192
# n
a bad storm that happens over the ocean.
**hurricane**
| /ˈhɝː.ɪ.keɪn/
## Footnote
The wind from the **hurricane** bent the palm tree.
192
# n
the act or instance of losing something.
**loss**
| /lɑːs/
## Footnote
I suffered a big loss while I was gambling.
192
# adj
simple and not decorated.
**plain**
| /pleɪn/
## Footnote
He bought a pair of **plain** white shoes over the weekend.
192
# n
a group of rocks or coral in the ocean.
**reef**
| /riːf/
## Footnote
He walked along the **reef** and looked at the water below.
192
# V
to close something tightly.
**shut**
| /ʃʌt/
## Footnote
Please **shut** the door; the air outside is cold.
192
# adj
A .... person makes sure others follow rules.
**strict**
| /strɪkt/
## Footnote
The teacher is **strict**. She does not let students talk in class.
193
# V
to use a special board to ride on waves in the ocean.
**surf**
| /sɝːf/
## Footnote
The students went to the beach to **surf** during their vacation.
193
# n
a piece of work to be done that is usually difficult.
**task**
| /tæsk/
## Footnote
My **task** for the weekend was to clean the entire back yard.
193
# n
an area tht has different qualities from the ones around it
**zone**
| /zoʊn/
## Footnote
Firefighters often work in danger **zone**.
193
# n
what people say to show that they are sorry.
**apology**
| /əˈpɑː.lə.dʒi/
## Footnote
After arguing with her teacher, the girl wrote the teacher an **apology**.
193
# adj
not frightened of danger:
**bold**
| /boʊld/
## Footnote
The **bold** man climbed the high mountain.
(**bald**: with little or no hair on the head)
193
# n
a small insect.
**bug**
| /bʌɡ/
## Footnote
Birds like eating **bugs**.
(2nd meaning: a mistake or problem in a computer program: A **bug** caused the company's computer system to crash)
193
# V
to catch and hold something.
**capture**
| /ˈkæp.tʃɚ/
## Footnote
James tried to **capture** the bubbles in his hands.
193
# n
a man of high social rank but below a king or queen.
**duke**
| /duːk/
## Footnote
The **duke** ruled over the land.
194
# V
to make known something that is hidden.
**expose**
| /ɪkˈspoʊz/
## Footnote
He took off his shirt to **expose** his costume.
194
# adj
... people feel bad for something they did
**guilty**
| /ˈɡɪl.ti/
## Footnote
I felt **guilty** for taking my sister's cookies.
194
# V
to pay someone money to work for you.
**hire**
| /haɪr/
## Footnote
We **hired** a man to paint our house.
194
# adj
not guilty of a crime.
**innocent**
| /ˈɪn.ə.sənt/
## Footnote
The judge said that the woman was **innocent** of the crime.
194
# n
a system of communication consisting of sounds, words, and grammar:
**language**
| /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪdʒ/
## Footnote
The reporter spoke a **language** Sally had never heard before.
194
# n
an important person in government who is in charge of a particular department or has an important position in it:
**minister**
| /ˈmɪn.ə.stɚ/
## Footnote
The **minister** of education controls the country's schools.
194
# adj
normal, or not special in any way.
**ordinary**
| /ˈɔːr.dən.er.i/
## Footnote
Today was just an **ordinary** day. Nothing unusual happened.
194
# adj
lasting for a long time or for ever:
**permanent**
| /ˈpɝː.mə.nənt/
## Footnote
We don't know if Aunt Mildred's visit will be a **permanent** one.
195
# V
to protect something from harm.
**preserve**
| /prɪˈzɝːv/
## Footnote
Dad sprayed a chemical on the house to help **preserve** the walls.
195
# V
to say the sounds of letters or words.
**pronounce**
| /prəˈnaʊns/
## Footnote
Young children often have trouble **pronouncing** words right.
195
# V
to look like someone
**resemble**
| /rɪˈzem.bəl/
## Footnote
The baby really **resembles** his father.
195
# n
a bad condition or illness is a sign that it is happening.
**symptom**
| /ˈsɪmp.təm/
## Footnote
Sneezing and a high fever are **symptoms** of the common cold.
195
# n
a plant whose leaves are smoked, such as in cigarettes.
**tobacco**
| /təˈbæk.oʊ/
## Footnote
The **tobacco** in cigarettes is bad for you.
195
# n
two children born at the same time.
**twin**
| /twɪn/
## Footnote
My sister and I are **twins**. We look exactly the same.
195
# n
a woman with magical powers.
**witch**
| /wɪtʃ/
## Footnote
People think that **witches** fly around on broomsticks.
195
# V
to join other people or to go with them
**accompany**
| /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/
## Footnote
My brothers **accompanied** me to go to the movies.
196
# adj
plain and not covered.
**bare**
| /ber/
## Footnote
He likes to walk around in his **bare** feet.
197
# n
the part of a tree with leaves.
**branch**
| /bræntʃ/
## Footnote
The monkey was hanging from a **branch** on the tree.
198
# n
the air that goes into and out of one's lungs.
**breath**
| /breθ/
## Footnote
You can't take a **breath** under water.
198
# n
something that is built over a river so people can cross it.
**bridge**
| /breθ/
## Footnote
The old **bridge** fell into the river.
198
# V
to throw something.
**cast**
| /kæst/
## Footnote
The fisherman **cast** his line into the water.
**cast / cast / cast**
199
# V
to be brave enough to try something.
**dare**
| /der/
## Footnote
He **dared** to jump out of the airplane and skydive.
199
# adj
useing electricity to work.
**electronic**
| /iˌlekˈtrɑː.nɪk/
## Footnote
I like having **electronic** devices such as an MP3 player.
199
# n
a place where travelers can rest and eat.
**Inn**
| /ɪn/
## Footnote
The visitor got a room at the **inn**.
199
# n
a bag made of strong thread. It is used to catch animals.
**net**
| /net/
## Footnote
The boy caught butterflies in his **net**.
199
# n
a way to think about truth and life.
**philosophy**
| /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/
## Footnote
My **philosophy** is "live and let live."
199
# n
a deep, round metal container used for cooking.
**pot**
| /pɑːt/
## Footnote
Don't touch the **pot** on the stove. It's hot.
199
# n
the hard part of a plant or fruit that trees grow from.
**seed**
| /siːd/
## Footnote
I planted the **seed** in the dirt, hoping that it would grow into a tree.
199
# adj
having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole in something:
**sharp**
| /ʃɑːrp/
## Footnote
That knife is very **sharp**. Be careful not to hurt yourself.
199
# n
a type of something.
**sort**
| /sɔːrt/
## Footnote
What **sort** of instrument do you want to learn to play?
199
# V
to take something away.
**subtract**
| /səbˈtrækt/
## Footnote
We learned how to **subtract** numbers in class.
199
# adj
hard to move because it is firmly in place.
**tight**
| /taɪt/
## Footnote
The knots were too **tight** to untie.
199
# adj
very close to being true or accurate.
**virtual**
| /ˈvɝː.tʃu.əl/
## Footnote
Because he's popular, Joe is the **virtual** leader of the group.
199
# V
to measure how heavy something is.
**weigh**
| /weɪ/
## Footnote
The little dog **weighed** exactly 3 kilograms.
199
# V
to say very quietly.
**whisper**
| /ˈwɪs.pɚ/
## Footnote
We have to **whisper** in the library so people can focus on reading.
199
# adj
an idea or thought, not a physical thing.
**abstract**
| /ˈæb.strækt/
## Footnote
The idea of beauty is **abstract** and changes over time.
199
# adj
An event which happens once a year.
**annual**
| /ˈæn.ju.əl/
## Footnote
The only time I see my aunts and uncles is at our **annual** family picnic.
199
# n
a type of heavy, wet soil used to make pots.
**clay**
| /kleɪ/
## Footnote
She made a bowl out of the **clay**.
199
# n
material used to make clothes.
**cloth**
| /klɑːθ/
## Footnote
His shirt is made of a very soft type of **cloth**.
199
# n
a cloth hung over a window or used to divide a room.
**curtain**
## Footnote
She opened the **curtains** to let light into the room.
199
# V
to be worthy of something as a result of one's actions.
**deserve**
| /dɪˈzɝːv/
## Footnote
The dog **deserved** a bone for behaving very well.
200
# n
the things covering a bird's bodies.
**feather**
| /ˈfeð.ɚ/
## Footnote
That bird has orange **feathers** on its chest.
200
# adj
"... land" is able to produce good crops and plants.
**fertile**
| /ˈfɝː.t̬əl/
## Footnote
The farmer grew many vegetables in the **fertile** soil.
200
# n
an event in which water covers an area that is usually dry.
**flood**
| /ˈfɝː.t̬əl/
## Footnote
After three days of rain, there was a **flood** in the city.
200
# n
the things used in a house such as tables and chairs.
**furniture**
| /ˈfɝː.nɪ.tʃɚ/
## Footnote
His living room only had a few simple pieces of **furniture**.
201
# n
the place where a dead person is buried.
**grave**
| /ɡreɪv/
## Footnote
We visit our grandfather's **grave** each year.
201
# adj
the best that it can possibly be.
**ideal**
| /aɪˈdiː.əl/
## Footnote
This house is an **ideal** place for my family. It has everything we need.
201
# n
the ability to learn and understand things.
**intelligence**
| /ɪnˈtel.ə.dʒəns/
## Footnote
Because of his high **intelligence**, he finished school early.
201
# V
to get something you want or need.
**obtain**
| /əbˈteɪn/
## Footnote
After I passed the test, I **obtained** my driver's license.
202
# adj
related to or about religion.
**religious**
| /rɪˈlɪdʒ.əs/
## Footnote
The holy man spoke about **religious** topics.
202
# adj
related to or about love.
**romantic**
| /roʊˈmæn.t̬ɪk/
## Footnote
The young couple went to see a **romantic** movie.
202
# n
a hard covering that protects the body of some sea creatures.
**shell**
| /ʃel/
## Footnote
There were many pretty **shells** on the beach.
202
# n
the edge of a large body of water.
**shore**
| /ʃɔːr/
## Footnote
All of the boats were floating near the **shore**.
202
# n
a round thing on a vehicle that turns when it moves.
**wheel**
| /wiːl/
## Footnote
A car has four wheels.
202
# adj
made of wood
**wooden**
| /ˈwʊd.ən/
## Footnote
My mother gave me a **wooden** spoon.
203
# n
a piece of equipment used for jobs in the home.
**appliance**
| /əˈplaɪ.əns/
## Footnote
Many homes have **appliances** like ovens, toasters, and refrigerators.
204
# n
large bowl for washing things.
**basin**
| /ˈbeɪ.sən/
## Footnote
A sink is sometimes called a **basin**. She filled the **basin** with water and washed her face.
204
# n
a brush with a long handle used for cleaning floors.
**broom**
| /brʊm/
## Footnote
My father usually uses a **broom** to sweep away dust in the basement.
204
# n
a small, long animal with many legs that feeds on the leaves of plants, and develops into a butterfly or moth
**caterpillar**
| /ˈkæt̬.ɚ.pɪl.ɚ/
## Footnote
After eating a lot of leaves, **caterpillars** change into butterflies.
204
# n
a piece of furniture that is used to store food or household items.
**cupboard**
| /ˈkʌb.ɚd/
## Footnote
We put all of our dishes and food in the **cupboards**.
205
# adj
easy to break or harm.
**delicate**
| /ˈdel.ə.kət/
## Footnote
You should hold the baby carefully because she's very **delicate**.
205
# V
to appear by coming out of something or out from behind something:
**emerge**
| /ɪˈmɝːdʒ/
## Footnote
A groundhog **emerged** from a snow covered hole.
205
# n
a condition that limits someone's mental or physical abilities.
**handicap**
| /ˈhæn.dɪ.kæp
## Footnote
Joe has a slight **handicap**, so he uses a walker to get around.
206
# n
a hollow space in something solid.
**hole**
| /hoʊl/
## Footnote
They made a big **hole** in the wall.
207
# n
a sharp curved piece of metal used for catching or holding things.
**hook**
| /hʊk/
## Footnote
The fish went after the sharp **hook**.
207
# V
to jump a short distance.
**hop**
| /hɑːp/
## Footnote
The kangaroo quickly **hopped** away from danger.
207
# n
clothes that have been or need to be washed.
**laundry**
| /ˈlɑːn.dri/
## Footnote
He folded the clean **laundry** and put the dirty laundry in a basket.
207
# V
to chase or follow someone or something.
**pursue**
| /pɚˈsuː/
## Footnote
The mother **pursued** her young child down the hill.
208
# adj
not wanting to do something.
**reluctant**
| /rɪˈlʌk.tənt/
## Footnote
She was **reluctant** to say that she saw the robbery.
208
# n
the part of a shirt in which arms go.
**sleeve**
| /sliːv/
## Footnote
Ryan bought a new shirt with long **sleeves** to keep his arms warm.
208
# n
the group of bones that run up and down the middle of the back.
**spine**
| /spaɪn/
## Footnote
Our **spine** helps us to stand up nice and straight.
209
# n
a dirty mark that is difficult to clean.
**stain**
| /steɪn/
## Footnote
He had a red **stain** on the collar of his shirt.
210
# n
a long, narrow piece of material or land.
**strip**
| /strɪp/
## Footnote
He had long **strips** of film that held images of his trip abroad.
211
# V
to promise to do something.
**swear**
| /strɪp/
## Footnote
I will put my hand on the Bible and **swear** to do my best for the country.
212
# V
to move something back and forth or from side to side.
**swing**
| /swɪŋ/
## Footnote
He can **swing** a golf club very powerfully.
"**swing - swung - swung** /swʌŋ/"
