Book 16 Flashcards
Name of the Book
The death of Patroclus
Patroclus approaches Achilles
weeping
Achilles compares him to a child weeping to be picked up by its mother
Patroclus’s insults to achilles
“God preserve me from the bitterness you harbour”
“you and your disastrous greatness”
“what will future generations have to thank you for”
“the grey sea and the sheer cliffs produced you and your unfeeling heart”
What Patroclus asks of Achilles
to lead the myrmidons into battle himself
Homer’s opinion of Patroclus
“great fool”
“he was simply invoking his own destiny and a dreadful death”
Achilles gives in
“let it go” he was wrong in believing he could be eternally angry
tells Patroclus to arm in his armour
Achilles’s instructions
“win me great glory” so that he gets the gifts
to return immediately after driving the Trojans from the ships
-Don’t lead the Myrmidons onto Ilium
precisely mentions the dangers from the gods, Apollo named
Ajax
is overwhelmed, Hector breaks his spear
he retreats
The ships
the first ship goes up in flames after Ajax’s retreat
Patroclus prepares for battle
gets a full arming scene
wears Achilles armour but unable to take his spear
Achilles’s immortal horses
Xanthus and Balius +Pedasus
The Leaders of the Myrmidons
their backstory given, they are introduced
Myrmidons compared to
- flesh eating wolves, hearts filled with boundless courage
- a wall, standing shield to shield, helmet to helmet, man to man
- swarming wasps
Achilles’s prayer
prays to Zeus,
Zeus does not grant Achilles wish for Patroclus to return safely
Patroclus’s speech to his men
tells them to win glory for Achilles
PAtroclus’s courage shown
first to throw his spear
attacks where there are the most chariots
The TRojan DEaths
9 Trojan Deaths
all deaths are chaotic, deaths occurring everywhere, Homer pauses only to describe “black death”
HEctor
primarily stands his ground but then flees in his chariot leaving his escaping men caught in the ditch
Patroclus’s first mistake
begins to chase after Hector
Patroclus’s first kills
kills Thestor compared to a fisherman fishing a fish
kills twelve Trojans
Death of Sarpedon
Sarpedon is destined to die by Patroclus
Zeus considers saving him but Hera objects
Patroclus kills Sarpedon compared to a woodsman felling trees
Sarpedon tells Glaucus to protect his corps
Glaucus
prays to Zeus to heal him of an arrow wound (happens)
gathers men to protect Sarpedon
Sarpedon’s body
men swarmed round is body as flies
Zeus and Sarpedon’s body
tells Apollo to take Sarpedon’s body away and anoint it with ambrosia
Set him down in Lycia where he can be buried
Why Sarpedon does not follow Achills’s orders
the will of Zeus prevails over men
How we know PAaroclus could never have taken Ilium and ho well h was fighting that day
Ilium would then have fallen to Patroclus had Apollo not defended it
three times a hurled Patroclus of Ilium’s walls. The fourth time he gave a great shout how it is not Patroclus’s destiny to take Ilium.
Apollo’s advice to Hector
disguised he tells him to fight Patroclus
Patroclus becomes arrogant
kills HEctor’s charioteer Cebriones with a stone
gives an arrogant speech laughing at his acrobatic death
Patroclus is compared to
a lion whose courage is the death of him
The fight over Cebriones
A big fight over his body
Patroclus charges in 3 times killing 9 men each time
PHoebus Apollo and Patroclus
strikes him on the back with the flat of his hand His helmet falls off his eyes spin his spear shatters the shield falls Apollo undoes his armour
Euphorbus and PAtroclus
PAtroclus is blind and paralysed
Euphorbus stabs him in the back between the shoulders
Euphorbus the best spear man, runner, horsemen of his years
does not kill Patroclus, gets his spear and leaves
Hecotr and Patroclus
He spots retreating Patroclus
stabs him in the lower belly
Hectors speech to Patroclus
gives an arrogant speech, guesses Achilles’s instructions all wrong (war is all about misunderstandings)
PAtroclus in turn predicts HEctors death
End of the chapter
Patroclus’s charioteer Automedon leaving with the horses that abandoned Patroclus
the horses a gift from the gods to Peleus
The Effect of Patroclus mentioning the heroes getting healed
only Achilles cannot be helaed
The gods humanity shown
Zeus loves Patroclus, sends down a shower of blood for him
What had Achilles actual hopes been
for him and Patroclus to be the only ones to survive the ordeal and they can take Troy together
Homer mentions that Achilles advice had been sound
if he had kept to his orders”he would have saved himself from the evil destiny which is dark death”
Patroclus wants to kill HEctor
“HEctor he yearned to kill”
Patroclus’s aristea
“bringing them down in quick succession”
