Bony Thorax pt. 1

Question 1

Marks the median aspect of the sternum

Answer 1

Midsternal Line

Question 2

Midpoint of the clavicle and a perpendicular line drawn down to the waist.
-Slightly medial to the nipple

Answer 2

Midclavicular Line

Question 3

Have patient abduct arm, go to midpoint of axillary floor (Fascia) and extend line down midline of the chest wall on the medial side

Answer 3

Midaxillary Line

Question 4

Have patient abduct arm, go to fold formed by the Pectoralis Major m. and draw a line down from the top of that fold

Answer 4

Anterior Axillary line

Question 5

Have patient abduct arm, go to fold that is formed by the Latissimus Dorsi m. and the Teres Major m. Draw a line down from that fold

Answer 5

Posterior Axillary Line

Question 6

Line draw that just barely touches the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebra.
-2, one on each side (R and L)
-1st rib to bottom rib

Answer 6

Paravertebral Line

Question 7

A good place to listen to lung sounds on the back. Space where muscles aren’t covering on the wall of the thorax.
-Right below the Inferior angle of the scapula

Answer 7

Triangle of Auscultation

Question 8

Which 3 muscles form the Triangle of Auscultation?

Answer 8

Lower Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, and Rhomboid Major muscles

Question 9

Males and Females have 12 pairs of _____ and 11 pairs of Intercostal Spaces
-Some people have a 13th rib (bad, can compress vessels that normally go through that opening)
-ICS are named after the rib above them.
-Below the 12th rib is the subcostal space
-Contain costal cartilage that allows the ribs to articulate with the sternum

Answer 9

Ribs

Question 10

Has 3 parts:
-Manubrium
-Body
-Xiphoid (piece sticking out at the bottom)

Answer 10

Sternum

Question 11

Scapula overlie ribs ___ to about ribs ____/_____.

Answer 11

2 to 6/7

Question 12

A bean-shaped opening in the superior portion of the thorax.

Answer 12

Superior Thoracic Outlet (Inlet or Aperture)

Question 13

A very wide opening bounded by the Costal Margin (Begins with the 7th rib and ends with the 12th rib at about L2).

Answer 13

Inferior Thoracic Outlet (Inlet or Aperture)

Question 14

Iliac crest comes to about ____

Answer 14

L4

Question 15

Composed of 2 parts:
-Right Hemi____ comes higher than the left hemi____ due to the liver lying underneath it, pushing it up.
-As you breathe in, this flattens. As you exhale, it returns to normal position
-Supports the heart and lungs. Covers the Inferior Thoracic Outlet, supporting the structures resting on top of it.

Answer 15

Diaphragm

Question 16

Divot on top of the Manubrium of the sternum formed by attachment on either side by the Sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Answer 16

Suprasternal Notch (Jugular Notch)

Question 17

Found on the sides of the Suprasternal Notch on the Manubrium. A right and left attachment for the clavicle to the manubrium
-Important joint for upper extremity movement: Sternoclavicular Joint

Answer 17

Clavicular Notch

Question 18

Found on the sides of the Manubrium of the sternum
-First rib articulates cleanly with the Manubrium

Answer 18

Notch for the Costal Cartilage of the 1st Rib

Question 19

Formed by the Body and Manubrium of the sternum articulating together.
-Slight bend occurs
-The manubrium and the body each contribute a demifacet that come together to form a wedge shaped depression that accommodates the costal cartilage of the 2nd rib.

Answer 19

Manubriosternal Joint/Sternal Angle/Angle of Louis

Question 20

Articulates with the demifacet of the manubrium and body of the sternum

Answer 20

2nd rib

Question 21

Contains notches (demifacets) for the 3-6th ribs costal cartilages.

Answer 21

Body of the Sternum

Question 22

Used to be a joint formed by cartilage, but as you age into teenage years, it ossifies.
-Easy to break off
-The location of the articulation of the 7th rib

Answer 22

Xiphisternal Joint (Body of the sternum and the Xiphoid Process)

Question 23

The body of the sternum and the xiphoid process for a little cup when they come together that accommodates the costal cartilage for the _____ rib

Answer 23

7th rib

Question 24

True Ribs

Answer 24

1-7

Question 25

Attach (via their costal cartilage) directly to the sternum

Answer 25

True Ribs

Question 26

False Ribs

Answer 26

8-10

Question 27

Attach to the sternum via the costal cartilage of the 7th rib

Answer 27

False Ribs

Question 28

Floating Ribs

Answer 28

11-12

Question 29

Ribs that do not attach to the sternum, but instead the ends are tipped with cartilage and hang loose. they are attached to the vertebral column, but the sternal end just comes to a stop.

Answer 29

Floating Ribs

Question 30

Typical Ribs

Answer 30

Ribs 3-9

Question 31

All look alike, can't differentiate between them -Head: Wedge shaped -Neck -Tubercle: bump with facet (tubercular facet - articulates with the facet on the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra) -Angle: sharp turn -Costal Groove: runs underneath rib, cradles the intercostal vein/artery/nerve -Sternal Extremity: has costal cartilage to articulate with the sternum

Answer 31

Typical Ribs

Question 32

Short, stubby, and flatter than the other ribs -No angle, C-Shaped -Scalene Tubercle: bump where the Anterior and Middle Scalene muscles attach -No costal groove (even though it does have intercostal vessels and nerves) -Kidney bean shaped

Answer 32

Rib 1

Question 33

Flat rib, but not the most flat. Angle is closer to the tubercle

Answer 33

Rib 2

Question 34

Rib that does not have an articular facet on its tubercle, since it doesn't articulate with the transverse process of the vertebrae -False rib, doesn't attach directly to the sternum

Answer 34

Rib 10

Question 35

Ribs do not have a tubercle, since there is no articulation

Answer 35

Ribs 11-12

Question 36

Rib that does not have a tubercle AND does not have a costal groove. V/A/N are located more out in the abdomen

Answer 36

Rib 12

Question 37

Gliding, Plane type of movement -Contain demifacets: Superior and Inferior -Bodies fit together and demifacets make a cup that accommodates the head of the rib -Rib is named in terms of the lower vertebra of the two it fits on

Answer 37

Vertebrocostal Joints

Question 38

Joints found in Ribs 1-9 -Tubercle articulates with the facet of the transverse process of the lower of the two ribs -Ex: Rib 7 fits in between T6 and T7

Answer 38

Transversocostal Joints (Gliding Joints)

Question 39

Cartilaginous Joints that allow the chest wall to expand as you breathe. Similar to the vertebral joints -No movement, just expansion/retraction of the chest wall

Answer 39

Sternocostal Joints (Chondrosternal Joints)