BONES: formation and structure, processes and depressions

Question 1

osseous

Answer 1

bony tissue, connective

Question 2

osteocytes

Answer 2

bone cells

Question 3

collagen

Answer 3

dense, connective tissue strands

Question 4

ossification

Answer 4

bone formation

Question 5

osteoblasts

Answer 5

immature osteocytes that produces osseous

Question 6

osteoclasts

Answer 6

cells that digest boney tissue

Question 7

osteophage

Answer 7

another name for osteoclast

Question 8

long bones

Answer 8

thigh, lower leg, arms.

Question 9

short bones

Answer 9

irregular shapes, in wrists and ankles

Question 10

flat bones

Answer 10

skull, shoulder blades, ribs, pelvic bones

Question 11

sesamoid bones

Answer 11

small, rounded, resemble sesame seed. kneecap

Question 12

diaphysis

Answer 12

shaft, or middle region, of a long bone, made of compact bone

Question 13

epiphysis

Answer 13

each end of a long bone, made up of cancellous bone covered in compact bone

Question 14

epiphyseal line or plate

Answer 14

area of cartilage tissue being constantly replaced with new bone tissue as the bone elongates, but once the person is finished growing this cartilage is replaced by compact bone

Question 15

metaphysis

Answer 15

flared part of the bone (think celery)

Question 16

periosteum

Answer 16

fibrous, vascular membrane covering the bones

Question 17

articular cartilage

Answer 17

smooth, strong, slick tissue covering the surface of any bone that meets another bone to form a joint

Question 18

compact (cortical) bone

Answer 18

layer of hard dense bone containing haversian canals

Question 19

haversian canals

Answer 19

system of canals containing blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the bone. Found in the compact bone.

Question 20

medullary cavity

Answer 20

tunnel in the central shaft of the long bones, which do not have an interior mass of cancellous bone

Question 21

yellow bone marrow

Answer 21

chiefly fat cells, found in the medullary cavity

Question 22

cancellous (spongy) bone

Answer 22

more porous than compact bone.

Question 23

trabecular bone

Answer 23

another name for cancellous bone

Question 24

trabeculae

Answer 24

interwoven bony fibres

Question 25

red bone marrow

Answer 25

found in the spaces in cancellous bone, contains blood cells in various stages of development

Question 26

hematopoiesis

Answer 26

the formation of all types of blood cells in the bone marrow

Question 27

bone processes definition

Answer 27

enlarged areas extending from bone to which muscles, tendons and ligaments are attached

Question 28

bone depressions definition

Answer 28

openings or hollow regions serving as connections between bones, or passageways for blood vessels and nerves

Question 29

condyle

Answer 29

rounded, knuckle-like process

Question 30

epicondyle

Answer 30

small, rounded process above a condyle

Question 31

trochanter

Answer 31

large or small process for tendon attachment

Question 32

tubercle (tuberosity)

Answer 32

small, rounded elevation where tendons and muscles attach

Question 33

fissure

Answer 33

depression: narrow groove

Question 34

foramen

Answer 34

depression: opening for blood vessels and nerves

Question 35

fossa

Answer 35

depression: shallow cavity in or on a bone

Question 36

sinus

Answer 36

depression: hollow cavity within bone