Bones, Cartilage and Joints Flashcards
what is the structure and function of bones
made of hard, connective tissue
supports and protects organs
production of RBCs
attachment of skeletal muscles
what is the structure and function of cartilage
less rigid than bone
located at joints where mobility is required
what are the three classifications of joints
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
describe fibrous joints
limited motility but very stable
classified into syndesmoses and sutures
what are examples of syndesmoses and sutures
syndesmoses - between tibia and fibula
sutures - between the bones of the skull eg coronal suture
what are fontanelles and what is their function
wide sutures in neonatal skull
allow overlapping of bones of the skull during birth
describe cartilaginous joints and the two types
fairly limited mobility and relatively stable
primary and secondary cartilaginous
what are primary cartilaginous joints
synchondroses
only contain hyaline cartilage which allows the long bones of leg to grow - ossification
what are secondary cartilaginous joints
joints that contain FIBROCARTILAGE and remain as joints for life
eg intervertebral discs
when a primary cartilaginous joint slips, what is the term for it
slipped femoral epiphysis
describe features of synovial joints
very mobile but not very stable
occurs when two or more bones articulate with each other
associated with skeletal muscle, tendons and bursae
what are the 5 types of synovial joints
plane pivot hine biaxial ball and socket
describe plane joint
occurs at atlano-axial joint allowing the rotation of the head
describe a pivot joint
gliding movement in one plane eg clavicle
describe a hinge joint
flexion/extension of the elbow
