Bones and Fractures Flashcards
what is the dense, compact part of bone called
outer cortex
what is the soft, spongy, inner part of bone called
inner medulla
by which process do bones grow
endochondral ossification
during endochondral ossification __ turns into bone
hyaline cartilage
what is a fracture
the breaking of a bone
during the healing of a fracture a ___ forms allowing remodelling
callus
5 classifications of bone and examples
flat - cranium long - femur short - tarsals and carpals irregular - vertebrae sesamoid (with tendons) - patella
what is a foramen within the cranium
a hole allowing cranial nerves and blood vessels to exit
what are the bones of the skull
frontal parietal occipital temporal sphenoid
list the divsions of the adult vertebral column and how many bones are in each
cervical 1-7 thoracic 1-12 lumbar 1-5 sacral 1-5 coccygeal 1-4
the long tip of each vertebra is known as
spinous process
the gap within the vertebrae is known as
vertebral foramen
spinal nerve emerge from the __
intervertebral foramen
within the spinal column, between two vertebrae there is a ___
facet joint
describe C1
called atlas
doesnt have a spinous process or vetrebral body
instead has posterior and anterior arch
describe C2
called axis
has odontoid process
describe C7
vertebrae prominens
first palpable spinous process
what are true ribs
attach to sternum via their own costal cartilage
ribs 1-7
what are false ribs
attach to sternum via costal cartilage above them
ribs 8-10
what are floating ribs
do not attach to the sternum
ribs 11 and 12
