Bones and Joints Flashcards
What is region A?
Head and neck
What is region B?
Upper limbs
What is region C?
Thorax
What is region D?
Abdomen
What is region E?
Lower limbs
What does the ventral body cavity contrain?
Thoracic (pericardial + pleural)
Diaphragm
Abdominal
Pelvic
What does the dorsal body cavity contain?
Cranial
Spinal
What seperates the pleural and pericardial cavities from the abdominopelvic cavity?
Diaphragm seperates the pleural and pericardial cavities from the abdominopelvic cavity
What are pleural cavities?
Pleural cavities are anatomically closed spaces to maintain the negative pressure of the lungs
Which is the cranial cavity?
First line
Which is the spinal cavity?
Second line
Which is the tharoic cavity?
Third line
Which is the diaphragm?
Fourth line
Which is the abdominal cavity?
Fifth line
Which is the pelvic cavity?
Sixth line
What is the tharoic cavity composed of?
The tharoic cavity is composed of the pleural and pericardial cavities
What are the different kinds of bones?
Long (limbs)
Short (wrist)
Flat (skull)
Pneumatic (contain air filled cavities)
Sesamoid (patella)
Irregular (vertebrae)
What membrane covers bone and what is its function?
Periosteum, lays down more bone
Why are limb bones long?
Limb bones are used for movement
Why do trunk bones vary between being long, flat and irregular?
Trunk bones are used for protection
Where is cartilage found?
The end of long bones at the joints
What are the three types of cartilage?
The three types of carilage are:
Elastic
Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Where is elastic cartilage found?
Elastic cartilage is found in:
External ear
Epiglottis
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Hyaline cartilage is found in:
Ribs
Nose
Trachea
Where is fibrocartilage found?
Fibrocartilage is found in:
Intervertebrae disks
Certain ligaments
What does cartilage not contain?
Cartilage does not contain blood vessels or nerves
What do the three types of cartilage differ in?
The three types of cartilage differ in the amount of collagen, elastic fibres and ground substance
What does the spinal column consist of?
The spinal column consists of:
7 cervical vertebrae
12 tharoracic vertabrae
5 lumbar vertabrae
5 sacral vertabrae
3-5 coccygael vertebrae (fused together)
How can arteries be identified?
Arteries can be identified by:
Thicker walls
White or slightly reddish colour
Rounded circumference
Smaller diameter
Deeper location than vains
How can vains be identified?
Vains can be identified by:
Thinner walls
Blue or darker colour
Rounded circumference
Larger diameter
How can lymphatic channels be identified?
Lymphatic channels can be identified by:
Generally note visible
Small lymph nodes along their length
How can nerves be identified?
Nerves can be identified by:
Flatter
Tough consistency
White colour
What are different kinds of imaging?
Different kinds of imaging includes:
X-Ray
CT
Ultrasound
MRI
PET
What scan is better for showing fat out of CT and MRI?
MRI shows fat whereas a CT scan does not show fat
What are the two different parts of the skeleton called?
The two different parts of the skeleton are called:
Axial
Appendicular
Where in a long bone is compact bone found?
Compact bone is found on the surface