Bone Tumors and Soft Tissue Sarcomas Directed Reading Quiz

Question 1

What is the most common presenting symptom for bone cancer?

Answer 1

Pain

Question 2

______________, a cancer of blood plasma cells, often is included with other bone cancers as a type of bone tumor because it affects the bones.

Answer 2

Multiple myeloma

Question 3

The Enneking staging system uses all of the following criteria except:

-extent of the tumor
-presence of metastases
-presence of disease in regional lymph nodes
-histologic grade of the tumor

Answer 3

presence of disease in regional lymph nodes

Question 4

According to the article, two thirds of bone’s weight is attributed to ________ that surround the specialized cells and protein fibers in bone tissue.

Answer 4

insoluble calcium salts

Question 5

Of the 2 types of osseous tissue that compose bone, only spongy bone can become cancerous: true or false?

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Grade 1 chondrasarcomas are low grade and nearly indistinguishable from:

-osteoblastomas
-osteoid osteomas
-osteochondromas
-enchondromas

Answer 6

enchondromas

Question 7

The prognosis of patients with chondrasarcoma depends on:

Answer 7

Histologic grade

Tumor Location

Question 8

More than 50% of all osteosarcomas are found in the:

Answer 8

Distal femur

Question 9

What is the main goal of treatment for osteosarcomas?

Answer 9

Local control

Question 10

In the development of multiple myeloma, myelocytes cause __________ to proliferate and produce large quantities of abnormal antibodies.

Answer 10

B lymphocytes

Question 11

Plasma cells are found in the tissues and organs of the:

Answer 11

lymphoreticular system

Question 12

When multiple myeloma is included with primary bone tumors, it makes up ______% to __________% of the tumors.

Answer 12

35- 43%

Question 13

Of the cases that have been documented, what percentage of patients with pre-existing plasma cell disorder progressed to multiple myeloma?

Answer 13

90%

Question 14

The _______ is involved in 70% of all multiple myeloma cases.

Answer 14

spine

Question 15

The acronym CRAB stands for which 4 major areas of myeloma- related organ dysfunction?

Answer 15

calcium elevation
renal insufficiency
anemia
bony abnormalities

Question 16

What is the most important test for identifying M-protein immunoglobulins and serum proteins in the blood?

Answer 16

Serum protein electrophoresis

Question 17

Nuclear medicine scans are not very useful because multiple myeloma has no ________ activity.

Answer 17

osteoblastic

Question 18

Which of the following characteristics best describes the radiographic appearance of a bone plasmocytoma?

Answer 18

punched out

Question 19

Vertebral body collapse is caused by which type of bone destruction from the plasmacytoma?

Answer 19

osteoclastic

Question 20

What major breakthrough in the 1980s revolutionized the treatment of multiple myeloma?

Answer 20

autologous stem-cell transplantation followed by high-dose chemotherapy

Question 21

When used to treat patients with refractory multiple myeloma, the most common side effect of CDEP is moderate to severe _________, but it usually improves by the end of the treatment cycle.

Answer 21

myelosuppression

Question 22

The average survival of patients with multiple myeloma is ________ years.

Answer 22

3 to 4

Question 23

In a study at the University of Arkansas, the inclusion of which drug in the CDEP regimen doubled the response rate of multiple myeloma?

Answer 23

thalidomide

Question 24

Fibrosarcomas account for less than _______% of primary bone tumors.

Answer 24

4%

Question 25

Fibrosarcomas of the bone may occur in any bone or soft tissue in the body: true or false.

Answer 25

True.

Question 26

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas of the bone most often affect the ________ bones of the body.

Answer 26

Long

Question 27

Ewing sarcoma most frequently arises in the lower half of the body and in the _______ of the bones.

Answer 27

diaphyses

Question 28

Benign giant cell tumors are treated with:

Answer 28

curettage and bone grafting

Question 29

In the treatment of bone metastasis, radiation therapy is important to not only control the metastatic lesion, but also to:

Answer 29

relieve pain

prevent loss of function of the bone involved

reduce the risk of pathologic fractures

Question 30

________ has proved to be the most important imaging tool for diagnosing and prognosticating primary bone tumors.

Answer 30

Radiography