Bone Marrow Failure

Question 1

Inherited causes of BMF

Answer 1

Single lineage: anaemia (diamond-blackfan), neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
Pancytopenia: fanconi anaemia

Question 2

Acquired causes of BMF

Answer 2

Single lineage: pure red cell aplasia (viral / immune / drugs)
Pancytopenia: aplastic anaemia, BM infiltration, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria

Question 3

Causes of reduced red cell production

Answer 3

B12 / folate / iron deficiency
EPO in CKD
Aplastic anaemia
Fanconi anaemia
Leukaemia / malignancy / metastasis, myelofibrosis, SLE
Drugs / toxins / infection suppressing marrow

Question 4

Increased loss or destruction of RBCs

Answer 4

Single line affected / pancytopenia

Spleen / liver pathology / autoimmune

Question 5

Failure of appropriate utilisation

Answer 5

Anaemia of chronic disease