Bone Marrow Flashcards
What are the indications for doing a bone marrow aspirate? (5 things)
If you have an unexplained:
Non-regenerative anemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia
Suspected neoplasia or monoclonal gammopathy
To better classify a leukemiaWhat are the two sites for a bone marrow aspirate?
Wing of the illium
Trochanteric fossa of the humerus
What must you try to avoid diluting your bone marrow sample with?
Blood
How do you make a bone marrow film?
Squash prep
What are 8 things you assess on a bone marrow film?
Cellularity Presence of megakaryocytes Presence of iron stores Myeloid:Erythroid ratio Orderliness and completeness of maturation Presence of other cells Presence of abnormal cells Presence of microorganisms (rare)
How many megakaryocytes should you see in a bone marrow film?
6-10/slide
What is unlikely to be seen on a cat bone marrow film?
Iron stores (more likely to see in a splenic aspirate)
What stain do you use to see iron?
Prussian blue
For orderly maturation, how many mature segs do we want to see for every immature cell?
16-32
What is a normal M:E ratio?
1:1 to 3:1 is normal
What 3 things can an increased M:E ratio mean?
Erythroid hypo/aplasia
Granulocytic hyperplasia
Granulocytic leukemia
What 2 things can a decreased M:E ratio mean?
Regenerative anemia
Erythroid leukemia
What should you take at the same time as your bone marrow aspirate?
CBC
What are 5 other cells you watch for in a bone marrow aspirate?
Plasma cells Lymphocytes Macrophages Mast cells Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts
What microorganisms might you see in a bone marrow aspirate?
Histoplasma capsulatum
Toxoplasma gondii
Leishmania donovani
Red cell parasites
