Bone & Joint Infection Flashcards
who does acute osteomyelitis affect mostly? history?
children of all ages
history of trauma even if minor
acute osteomyelitis spread?
spread may be haematogenous or local
secondary to vascular insufficiency
infected umbilical cord, boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasions
acute osteomyelitis cause in adults?
UTI
arterial line
osteomyelitis most common organism?
staph aureus
osteomyelitis features in infant?
minimal to very ill failure to thrive drowsy/irritable metaphyseal tenderness + swelling positional change commonest around knee
osteomyelitis features in child?
severe pain
reluctant to move and no weight bearing
swinging pyrexia + tachycardia
toxaemia
osteomyelitis features in adult?
most commonly seen in thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI or urological procedure
secondary after open fracture/surgery
osteomyelitis diagnosis?
history and examination FBC U&Es blood culture (at peak of temperatures) XR, US, MRI aspiration
osteomyelitis differential?
septic arthritis
trauma
soft tissue infection
osteomyelitis treatment?
supportive treatment
rest and splint age
antibiotics: route, duration and choice
osteomyelitis complications?
septicaemia
pathological fracture
altered bone growth
what is acute septic arthritis?
acute synovitis with purulent joint effusion
what happens in acute septic arthritis?
articular cartilage attacked by bacterial toxin and cellular enzyme leading to complete destruction of articular cartilage
acute septic arthritis in neonate?
picture of septicaemia
irritability
resistant to movement
acute septic arthritis in child/adult?
acute pain in single large joint
reluctant to move joint
increased temperature and pulse
increased tenderness
Rare in healthy adults
