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hubs191 > Bone II- bone tissue and structure > Flashcards

Bone II- bone tissue and structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of a central canal?

A

To contain the blood vessels and nerves

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the organisation of trabeculae in cancellous bone?

A
  • resists force in multiple directions

- directs body weight force down diaphysis

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3
Q

What are the two main functions of the lamellae?

A
  • form the shape of the osteon

- collagen fibres within lamellae resist forces

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4
Q

What is an osteogenic cell?

A

Stem cell that produces osteoblasts

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5
Q

what are Lacunae?

A

Lakes for osteocytes

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6
Q

What is the Medullary cavity?

A

The hollow part of bone containing bone marrow

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7
Q

What cell removes and destroys bone matrix?

A

Osteoclast

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8
Q

What is osteoporosis caused by? What are the results?

A

OC> OB activity, trabecular in cancellous bone becomes thinner, making bones brittle and likely to fracture

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9
Q

What is the function of an osteon?

A

provides a pathway for nutrients to get to cells in the ECM

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10
Q

What are longitudinal units within compact bone called?

A

osteons

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11
Q

What does an osteon contain?

A
  • central canal
  • Lamellae
  • Lacunae
  • Caniculi
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12
Q

Where are osteocytes on cancellous bone

A

in lacuna between lamellae or on surface of trabeculae

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13
Q

What are Canaliculi?

A

Channels for nutrients through ECM

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14
Q

What is the function of an osteocyte?

A

Communication and maintenance- recycles proteins in matrix

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15
Q

What are the inorganic components of bone ECM?

A

hydroxyapatite + other Ca minerals

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16
Q

What is The hollow part of bone containing bone marrow called?

A

The medullary cavity

17
Q

Name the 4 types of cells in the bone?

A
  • osteoblasts
  • osteocytes
  • osteoclasts
  • osteogenic cells
18
Q

What is appositional growth?

A

Growth by forming new layers on the surface of pre-existing layers; process of increasing in thickness rather than length.

19
Q

What are Osteons?

A

Osteons are longitudinal units within compact bone

20
Q

What is the function of an osteoclast

A

removes and destroys bone matrix

21
Q

How much of bone ECM is organic?

A

33%

22
Q

What is Lammellae?

A

A series of cylinders of ECM around the central canal

23
Q

What structure does compact bone have that isn’t present in trabeculae/ cancellous bone?

A

Central Canal

24
Q

What is Bone Homeostasis

A

Maintaining a balance of OC and OB activity

25
Q

what is the name of a cell that produces bone matrix?

A

Osteoblast

26
Q

What is the name of a Stem cell that produces osteoblasts?

A

osteogenic cell

27
Q

What are the organic components of bone ECM

A
  • collagen (protein)

- Ground substance ( proteoglycans)

28
Q

What are the benefits of bone homeostasis?

A
  • Allows body to mobilise calcium, phosphate, and other bone. matrix nutrients
  • Shape change possible throughout life to resist strain
  • allows bone to respond plastically to stress
29
Q

What do humans have to do to ensure bone homeostasis

A
  • consume adequate calcium

- moderate excersise

30
Q

How does appositional growth occur in long bones?

A
  • osteoblasts secrete bone matrix to create new layers/ lamellae
  • osteoclasts remove bone from medullary cavity to prevent heaviness
31
Q

What are Trabeculae

A

Bands or columns of connective tissue forming cancellous bone

32
Q

What percentage of bone ECM is inorganic?

A

67%

33
Q

What is the function of an osteoblast?

A

produces bone matrix

34
Q

What fills the cavities between trabeculae?

A

Bone Marrow

35
Q

What cell is responsible for Communication and maintenance- recycling proteins in matrix?

A

Osteocyte

hubs191 (12 decks)

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