bone health and markings

Question 1

two general classifications of fractures

Answer 1

simple and compound

Question 2

simple fracture

Answer 2

broken bone that doesn’t pierce the skin

Question 3

compound fracture

Answer 3

broken bone that pierces the skin

Question 4

comminuted fracture

Answer 4

shatters or breaks into small pieces

Question 5

compression fracture

Answer 5

crushed bone

Question 6

spiral fracture

Answer 6

caused by excessive twisting

Question 7

epiphyseal fracture

Answer 7

epiphysis separates from the diaphysis

Question 8

depressed fracture

Answer 8

portion of the bone is pressed inward

Question 9

greenstick fracture

Answer 9

-most common
-buckle fracture
-seen in a lot of children

Question 10

stress fractures

Answer 10

-overuse or long term wear and tear
-difficult to see on x-ray
-told to rest or it could become worse

Question 11

how long does it take for a fracture repair

Answer 11

minimum of a few months

Question 12

steps for bone remodeling

Answer 12

1) a fracture hematoma forms
2) a fibrocartilaginous (soft) callus forms
3) a hard (bony) callus forms
4) the bone is remodeled

Question 13

two ways a bone can change during aging

Answer 13

-loses ability to produce organic matrix (collagen)
-loses calcium and other minerals (bone mineral density)

Question 14

osteopenia

Answer 14

insufficient ossification; loss of bone tissue

Question 15

osteoporosis

Answer 15

advanced version of osteopenia

Question 16

osteopenia can result in a decrease in bone mass called

Answer 16

osteoporosis

Question 17

osteoporosis characteristics

Answer 17

-bone tissue deteriorates faster than it is produced
-common in elderly, especially post-menopausal women

Question 18

what happens to compact bone during osteoporosis

Answer 18

becomes thinner

Question 19

what happens to spongy bone during osteoporosis

Answer 19

has fewer trabeculae

Question 20

what does osteoporosis do to bones

Answer 20

-causes them to become porous, light, and weak
-become more susceptible to fracture

Question 21

what fracture is common of the vertebrae

Answer 21

compression frature

Question 22

treatments of osteoporosis

Answer 22

-calcium and vitamin D supplementation
-exercise
-hormone replacement