bone growth & joints: tissues and structure (lecture 5)

Question 1

describe how bone growth occurs in length and width

Answer 1

bone growth in enabled by epiphyseal (growth) plates allowing OB to build new bone tissue between the epiphysis and diaphysis (length), and OC allows bone marrow and inner bone tissue to be removed and mobilised allowing for width growth

Question 2

explain primary and secondary ossification centres

Answer 2

process where bone tissues are developing from cartilage into bone, in primary the diaphysis is becoming bone while the epiphysis remains cartilage until the secondary ossification where blood vessels make their way into the cartilage/calcium mix to mobilise osteoblasts.

Question 3

name the key soft tissues present in our joint structure

Answer 3

Cartilage (Hyaline & Fibrocartilage)
DFCT (Ligaments, Tendons, Joint Capsules)

Question 4

define bony congruence

Answer 4

sum of the surfaces of each bone at articulation (contact), the less congruence, the more mobility and more soft tissue support is required

Question 5

hyaline vs fibrocartilage

Answer 5

both types of cartilage
Hyaline - resists compression and ensures smooth frictionless movement between bones at joint, high water content
Fibrocartilage - resists compression and tension, fibres align with stresses, high collagen content, deepens articular surfaces

Question 6

what do ligaments and tendons attach to

Answer 6

ligaments - bone to bone
restricts movement

tendons - muscle to bone
facilitates and controls movement