bone fractures Flashcards
compression and deceleration of high energy impact ?
oblique
• same bone broken twice- two different locations on the bone
o Very unstable
o Needs surgery
segmental fracture
twisting fracture?
spiral
high energy fracture, poor bone quality
comminuted
management of open fractures?
cover wound with dressing
broad spectrum IV antibiotics (co-amoxiclav)
ensure tetanus immunisation
early debridement in theatre
why do you get white bit of bone on x ray in crush?
bone is overlying each other
in a humeral shaft fracture, which vessels are at risk?
radial nerve and brachial artery
what is a nightstick fracture ?
direct blow to the ulna causing fracture (seen when someone raises arm to protect face) DIRECT TRAUMA TO THE ULNA WHILST IN DEFENSIVE STANCE)
what is ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
what is a monteggia fracture?
distal ulna fracture
proximal radial fracture (at elbow)
is a monteggia fracture stable/unstable?
unstable
management of monteggia franc?
ORIF
monteggiA and gelazZi which one is proximal bones affected
monteggiA - proximal
gelazZi - distal
MUGR
Monteggia is ulnar fracture and radial dislocation
gelazzi is radial fracture and ulnar dislocatin
management of colles?
plates and screws, manipulation, splintage
complication of collies fracture (tingling in midddle finger?
carpal tunnel
opposite of collies fracture
smiths
scaphoid - x ray?
AP, Lateral, 2 Oblique X-rays
can be hard to see
need to come back in 6 weeks to redo scan
why do you get AVN in scaphoid fracture?
it has a retrograde blood supply (like the haemoglobin missed their exit and had to turn around to find the scaphoid bone)
externally rotated leg which is shorter?
hip fracture
how do you clsasify hip fractures?
intracapsular and extracapsular
which hip fracture can the blood supply to the femoral head be disrupted ?
intracapsular
risk of what with intracapsular?
AVN and non union
the two intra capsular fractures?
femoral head or neck fracture
exrta capsular fractures?
intertrochanteric
subtrochanteric
treatment of intracapsular
replacing femoral head
hemi arthroplasty
or total hip replacement
/extracapsular fracture - should this cause AVN
no - they have a high union rate
how do you treat an extra capsular fracture ?
compression or dynamic hip screw
one of slowest bones to heal in body?
tibia
what is the classification of physical fractures in paeds?
salter harris
