Bone Fractures Flashcards
Fracture cause categories (4)
Trauma - most cmn
Stress/fatigue: partial (reax), complete (fracture)
Insufficency (abn bone) Patho frax (abn fragility from neoplasia/disease)
Fracture classification (3)
Classification config (4)
Fibula frax aka
Radius frax aka
Displaced - moved on either side
Non-displaced
Open (compound fracture)
transvers, oblique, spiral, comminuted (fragmented), Greenstick (partial?), Impacted
Pott’s, Colles
Healing Frax req____ or ____ if____
Non-displaced w/ ______ intact heal -_____ than displaced
Children/adolescent heal in _____
Adults in ____
Req. immobil or surgical if too big
Periosteal sleeve intact, 2x faster
4=8wk
10-18wk
Displaced Frax Heal req, _____ to facilitate _____
_____ of the two _____ promotes heal
remove necrotic for granulation growth
Compression of 2 edges
New bone form requ Vit (4)
Non-union: no _____ btw bones
C + D, Ca/Ph
interposition of soft part separate ends, continuous hematoma.
Fibrous union aka occurs when ____ not satisfact
Bone ends united by _____, that can’t ____due to impaired
____needed to remove ____ and create a fracture
pseudoartrosis, immobil
Ordinary scar tissue can’t convert to bone, blood supply
Surgery for fibrous tissue
Dislocation indicators (3)
Hip dislocation usually ____
Can be Manifestation of (3)
Complete loss of jt integrity, anatomical reln, ligament dmg
congenital
jt disease, Mm paralysis, Nm disease
Subluxation is____
Rehabilitation addresses
Partial disruption of anatomical reln
Local Mm imbalance, hypermobility+ adj jt hypermobility
Osteochondroses (dfn), share common denom of avascular necrosis
Aka
Disorder of ossification centre
epiphysitis, aspetic necrosis, ischemic ephyseal necrosis, OCD
Osgood-schlatter disease
Legg Calve Perthes
OCD - Osteochondritis Dissecans
Most common side is
Cause
localized subchondral necrosis+ recalcification @ ossification
Piece of caritlage/bone separates - loose bodies
Medial femoral condyle
Repet micro trauma - ischemia-> disruption of subchondral grwoth
OCD symptoms:
(P) w/ passive knee extension + med rot, relieved w/ lat rotation (Wilson’s)
Swell, jt giving way
Osteochondritis dessicns (OCD) Mgmt
ADL Mod, protect weight bearing, immobil 4-6wk
Surgical = microfracture, tissue implant
Osteonecrosis: Necrosis of ____ due to loss of ___ in absence of ____
Most common site, demograph
bone + marrow, loss of blood supply, absence of infection.
Femoral head, ppl 20-50
Osteonecrosis assoc w/ conditions that develop____
Or Rx:
Fat emboli
Alcoholism, obesity, pregnancy, pancreatitis, contraceptives, prednisone, unrel frac (triglycerides!)
Chemo therapy or immunosuppressive
Osteonecrosis
Tx - Conservative
Surgery
Hip pain initial presentation or asymp
Severe (P) weight bearing, antalgic -> osteoarthitis
Protect weight earing, (P) relief
Sur: core decompn, arthroplasty - dmg to femoral head maybe irreversible, often diagnosed when advanced
