BONE DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH

Question 1

What are the four steps of intramembranous (dermal) ossification?

Answer 1

1. Aggregation of osteoblasts forming an ossification center
2. Osteoblasts become osteocytes
3. Developing bone grows outward with blood vessel feeding it
4. Adult bone with spongy and compact bone

Question 2

What are mesenchymal cells?

Answer 2

Stem cells that differentiate into anything

Question 3

What kind of bones develop from intramembranous (dermal) ossification?

Answer 3

Typical for many skull bones and clavicle

Question 4

What kind of bones develop from endochondral ossifcation?

Answer 4

Typical for limb bones

Question 5

What are the three steps of endochondral ossification?

Answer 5

1. Primary ossification center (diaphysis)
2. Secondary ossification centers (epiphyses)
3. Growth plates (metaphyses)

Question 6

What happens if premature fushion of growth plates occur in the hand for example?

Answer 6

Stops growth

Question 7

How do we help grow our hand for example in length?

Answer 7

Epiphyses with growth plates

Question 8

What is bone turnover?

Answer 8

The balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity is crucial not only during growth, but during the entire life of an individual

Question 9

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 9

Bone loss as you get older

Question 10

How is bone resorbed?

Answer 10

By osteoclasts

Question 11

How is bone deposited?

Answer 11

By osteoblasts

Question 12

What happens when bone is resborbed by osteoclasts?

Answer 12

Inner bone grows outwards (width)

Question 13

What happens when bone is deposited by osteoblasts?

Answer 13

Outer bone grows outwards (width)