Bone - Connective Tissue 3

Question 1

Composition of bone?

Answer 1

50% inorganic material
25% water
25% organic material

Question 2

Types of bone

Answer 2

• cancellous bone
• compact bone

Question 3

Cancellous bone

Answer 3

• naked eye - honeycomb “spongy” appearance
• microscopically - larger Haversian canals and fewer lamellae
• contains red bone marrow

Question 4

Compact bone

Answer 4

• naked eye - appears solid
• microscopically - built up of large number of Haversian systems
• covered by periosteum
  (Attachment for muscles and tendons/give protection to bone)

Question 5

Microscopic picture of compact bone

Answer 5

Series of Haversian systems:
- central canal
- lamellae
- lacunae
- canaliculi
- osteocytes

Question 6

Central canal

Answer 6

Contains:
- blood vessels
- lymph vessels
- nerves

Question 7

Lamellae

Answer 7

series of cylindrical plates of bone arranged around each central canal lacunae

Question 8

Lacunae

Answer 8

Between lamellae and contain osteocytes

Question 9

Canaliculi

Answer 9

communicate with Lacunae- tiny channels allowing
circulation of interstitial fluid through the bone

Question 10

Osteocytes

Answer 10

mature bone cells, monitor and maintain bone tissue and are nourished by fluid in canaliculi.

Question 11

Cancellous bone

Answer 11

• forms spongy inner layer
• consists of bony plates or trabeculae
• make up a loose network
• surrounding spaces containing bone marrow
• marrow is responsible for formation of blood cells

Question 12

What are the bone cells

Answer 12

Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes

Question 13

Responsible for bone formation

Answer 13

Osteoblasts

Question 14

Their function is resorption of bone

Answer 14

Osteoclasts

Question 15

Osteocytes

Answer 15

as bone develops, osteoblasts
become trapped and remain isolated in
lacunae, they stop forming bone at this point
and are nourished by tissue fluid in the
canaliculi that radiate from the haversian
systems

Question 16

What is the cartilage producing cell

Answer 16

Chondrocytes

Question 17

What are the types of cartilage

Answer 17

• hyaline
• fibrocartilage
• elastic cartilage
• articulated
• epiphyseal

Question 18

Hyaline

Answer 18

• smooth and white-bluish
• chondrocytes small groups
• matrix solid and smooth
• gives flexibility, smooth movement at joints
  (Larynx, trachea and bronchi)

Question 19

Fibrocartilage

Answer 19

• white collagen fibres
• matrix similar to hyaline (solid and smooth)
• tougher
  (Ligaments, disc of TMJ)

Question 20

Elastic cartilage

Answer 20

• yellow elastic fibres
• support and maintains shape
  (Pinna of ear, epiglottis)

Question 21

Articular

Answer 21

• hyaline cartilage on articular surface of bones
  (Joints)

Question 22

Epiphyseal

Answer 22

• hyaline cartilage plate on end of long bone
• found in children and adolescents
  (Pre bone)