bonding & melting points

Question 1

covalent bonding:

Answer 1

• shared pair of electrons between non-metals

Question 2

dative covalent bond:

Answer 2

when both e- are shared by the same atom

Question 3

permanent dipole-dipole:

Answer 3

• occur between polar molecules (have a difference in electronegativity)

Question 4

induced dipole (london, vanderwalls)

Answer 4

• occur in all molecules
• random movement causes temporary dipoles

Question 5

h - bonding

Answer 5

• H between O, F, N

Question 6

ionic bonding:

Answer 6

• electrostatic forces of attraction between positive and negative charged

Question 7

metallic bonding:

Answer 7

• delocalised electrons with electrostatic attractions between the positive metal and electrons

Question 8

What affects the strength of ionic bonds?

Answer 8

• charge density of the cation (charge and ionic radii)
• size of the anion

Question 9

what affects boiling temp:

Answer 9

• amount of electrons –> amount of London forces
• compare electronegativity
• compare the intermolecular forces
• discuss energy required to overcome

Question 10

how does branching affect boiling temp:

Answer 10

• less points of contact
• less London forces