Bonding

Question 1

Define what is meant by ionic bonding

Answer 1

is when an electrostatic force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions formed by

Question 2

Define what is meant by covalent bonding

Answer 2

it is when two atoms share electrons

Question 3

Define what is meant metallic bonding

Answer 3

is the electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

Question 4

What factors affect metallic bonding

Answer 4

number of protons: more protons the stronger the bond
a number of delocalised electrons: more delocalised electrons the stronger the bond
size of the ion: the smaller the ion, the stronger the bond

Question 5

What are the properties of ionic bonding

(in terms of boiling/melting point, solubility, conductivity when solid or liquid

Answer 5

boiling point is high: strong electrostatic forces of attraction between +ve ions and -ve ions

most are soluble: it depends on if there is a big enough attraction to water, and if the attraction more than the attraction between the ions themselves

ions cant move in lattice but can conduct electricity when aqueous or molten

-brittle if ions of the same charge are next to each other they will repel

Question 6

What are the properties of covalent bonding

(in terms of boiling/melting point, solubility, conductivity when solid or liquid

Answer 6

molecular: low boiling point, generally good solubility, cannot conduct electricity,
macromolecular: high boiling points, insoluble and water, diamond and silicon have no free electrons but graphite can because it has them

Question 7

What are the properties of metallic bonding

(in terms of boiling/melting point, solubility, conductivity when solid or liquid

Answer 7

boiling point is high. insoluble in water, can conduct electricity because it has delocalised electrons

other properties: shiny, malleable as the layers can slide over each other

Question 8

State what is meant by electronegativity

Answer 8

the tendency of an atom in a covalent bond in a molecule to attract electrons

Question 9

Name the shape that has 2 bonding pairs

Answer 9

linear

Question 10

Name the shape that has 2 bonding pairs

Answer 10

linear angle-180

Question 11

Name the shape that has 3 bonding pairs

Answer 11

trigonal planar- 120

Question 12

Name the shape that has 4 bonding pairs

Answer 12

tetrahedral-109.5

Question 13

Name the shape that has 5 bonding pairs

Answer 13

trigonal bipyramidal-90,120

Question 14

Name the shape that has 6 bonding pairs

Answer 14

octahedral-90

Question 15

Name the shape that has 2 bonding angle and 2 lone pairs

Answer 15

bent-104.5

Question 16

Name the shape that has 3 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs

Answer 16

t-shape-120 or 89

Question 17

Name the shape that has 4 bonding angle and 1 lone pair

Answer 17

Seesaw 119, 89

Question 18

Name the shape that has 3 bonding angle and 1 lone pair

Answer 18

trigonal pyramidal- 107

Question 19

Name the shape that has 5 bonding angle and 1 lone pair

Answer 19

the square pyramid, 89

Question 20

Name the shape that has 4 bonding angle and 2 lone pairs

Answer 20

square planar, 90

Question 21

what is a permanent dipole-dipole

Answer 21

it is a bond that forms between two polar molecules

Question 22

what three atoms do hydrogen bonding

Answer 22

oxygen,flourine,nitrogen