Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science 7 > Body Systems (CLRE) > Flashcards

Body Systems (CLRE) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the Circulatory
(Cardiovascular)
System

A

a tube
(transport) system
which carries
nutrients to body
cells and carries
away waste. Blood
moves through
these tubes
carrying nutrients
and waste as well
as contains cells
that fight disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the heart?

A

consists of four
(4) chambers that
pumps blood through
out body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the valve (veins)?

A

prevents backflow (due to
lower blood pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the atria?

A

upper chambers
that receives blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are venitricles?

A

lower chambers that pumps blood away from heart.
RIGHT
VENTRICLE: pumps
blood to LUNGS
LEFT VENTRICLE:
pumps blood to
BODY (AORTA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the pacemaker?

A

sends out electrical signal to
heart; heart muscle contracts regularly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are all of the blood vessel types?

A

Arteries: carries blood AWAY from heart

Veins: carries blood to heart; has VALVES

Capillaries: tiny thread-like vessels for nutrient &
waste exchange between blood and body cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is blood composition?

A

plasma, red blood cells,
white blood cells, platelets; produced by the red
bone marrow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is plasma?

A

liquid part; 90% water, 10% nutrients
(glucose, fat, vitamins, minerals), waste: “CO2,
water vapor”, proteins, chemical messengers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are red blood cells?

A

carries oxygen to body cells; contains
hemoglobin (iron protein); lifespan 4 months; if blood bright red,
oxygen present, if blood dark red/brown, no oxygen present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are white blood cells?

A

disease fighting cells; lifespan
months-years; specialized cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are platelets?

A

clot blood; produces fibrin protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a blood type?

A

surface molecules found on
red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is rh factor?

A

also surface molecules found
on red blood cells

If Rh +, have Rh factor

If RH -, don’t have RH factor

If Rh- but have received RH+ blood, leads to
clumping of blood and death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a blood transfusion?

A

transfer of blood from one
organism to another organism; if blood
clumps, clogs capillaries, results in death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Lymphatic System?

A

cleans and returns fluid to Circulatory System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a lymph?

A

contains water, glucose, white blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are lymph nodes?

A

traps invaders microorganisms (bacteria); node – “filter”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a pulse?

A

expansion and relaxation of the artery
wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a diffusion?

A

movement of
molecules from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration (through
membrane).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

caused by the contraction
of the heart’s ventricles. As blood moves away
from the heart, blood pressure decreases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are arteries?

A

blood flows away from the heart;

3 cell layers, thick walled, under high blood
pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are veins?

A

blood flows towards the heart; Valves
prevent backflow due to low blood pressure;

3 cell layers, thin walled

24
Q

What are capillaries?

A

connect arterioles to veinuoles;
The site of capillaries/tissues is where
nutrient/waste exchange by diffusion takes
place; 1 cell layer

25
Q

What is food?

A

provides the materials for energy, growth
and repair of tissues.

26
Q

What are calories?

A

amount of energy needed to raise the
temperature of one gram of water by one degree
Celsius.

27
Q

What is metabolism?

A

amount of energy needed to raise the
temperature of one gram of water by one degree
Celsius.

28
Q

What are nutrients?

A

substances in food that provide the
raw materials and energy the body needs to
carry out all vital processes. There are six (6)
nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins,
minerals and water.

29
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

major source of quick
energy; provides the raw materials to
make parts of cells

30
Q

What are fats?

A

stored energy. Fats form part of the
cell membrane and fatty tissue protects
and supports your internal organs and
insulates your body. Brain Development

31
Q

What are proteins?

A

needed for tissue growth and
repair/maintenance (ex: muscle).
Proteins play a role in chemical reactions
within the cell (= enzymes).

32
Q

How is water important?

A

Water is important because the chemical
reactions take place in water; blood flows
due to water; joints lubricated by water;
body temperature is regulated by water
(perspiration/sweat).

33
Q

Why are vitamins and minerals needed?

A

Vitamins and Minerals are needed in
small amounts to carry out chemical
reactions.

34
Q

What is the respiratory system?

A

moves oxygen from
atmosphere to body cells; removes gaseous
waste (CO2 & water vapor)

35
Q

What is respiration?

A

is the chemical reaction:

Sugar + oxygen → energy + CO2 + water vapor

36
Q

What is breathing?

A

is the movement of air into and
out of the lungs.

37
Q

What is the nose?

A

air enters through nostrils

38
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

throat; shared with digestive
system

39
Q

What is the larynx?

A

voice box; vocal cords

40
Q

What is the trachea?

A

windpipe; tube from pharynx to
bronchus (lung)

41
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

trachea (windpipe) flap during
swallowing of food & liquids

42
Q

What is the bronchi?

A

tube branches within lungs

43
Q

What is the lung?

A

organ that transfers gases from the
environment (atmosphere) into or out of
the Circulatory System.

44
Q

What is the alveoli?

A

grapelike structures at end of
bronchioles surrounded by capillaries.

45
Q

What is the excretory system?

A

collects and removes
waste;

46
Q

What is urology?

A

the study of the urine and the

genitourinary tract in health and disease.

47
Q

What is proctology?

A

the branch of medicine concerned
with the anus and rectum.

48
Q

What are the excretory organs?

A

kidneys, lungs, skin
ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

49
Q

What is the kidney?

A

organ which removes liquid waste from
the blood; a “filter”; humans have 2 kidneys

50
Q

What is urea?

A

breakdown of protein (yellow color)

51
Q

What is liquid waste?

A

urine (urea, water, other)

52
Q

What is the ureter?

A

tube which connects from kidneys to
urinary bladder.

53
Q

What is the urinary bladder?

A

saclike muscular organ which
stores urine.

54
Q

What is the urthera?

A

tube which connects urinary bladder to
outside of body.

55
Q

What are nephrons

A

Each
nephron filters the blood. By the process
of osmosis (diffusion), urea and some
water is removed but sugar and much of
the water is returned to the blood
(reabsorption). The urine is then stored in
the urinary bladder for future removal from
the body.

Science 7 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions