Body Mechanics

Question 1

hemi

Answer 1

hemisphere

Question 2

quadri

Answer 2

quadrants

Question 3

plegia

Answer 3

paralysis

Question 4

paresis

Answer 4

weakness

Question 5

ROM

Answer 5

range of motion

Question 6

gait

Answer 6

motion in movements

Question 7

friction

Answer 7

rubbing of 2 surfaces

Question 8

proprioception

Answer 8

sense of orientation

Question 9

contractures

Answer 9

permanent shortening of muscle fibers (irreversible)

Question 10

What is ROM

Answer 10

maximum amount of movement seen in a joint

Question 11

What are the two ways for maintaining balance?

Answer 11

widened base of support

bringing center of gravity towards base of support

Question 12

What is an infants spine like and how does it change as they age?

Answer 12

infants spine is flexed

as they develop curves are added and the thoracic spine straightens

Question 13

What is a toddlers gait like?

Answer 13

awkward

they have big bellies, wide foot spread and everted feet

also swayback

Question 14

school age kids slim down and increases their what?

Answer 14

coordination

Question 15

What happens during adolescence?

Answer 15

rapid growth that makes them look awkward and gangly because the second they get used to their body it changes again

Question 16

lordosis?

Answer 16

excessive inward curvature of the spine (pregnancy) can be a cause of back pain

Question 17

What happens to our bones during older adulthood?

Answer 17

loss of total bone mass=> weaker bones

also have changes in gait

Question 18

What are some good body mechanics when lifting?

Answer 18

hug the load

use big muscles in legs not small ones in back

good tight ab muscles provide support to back

good base of support

get help

use lift if needed

dont tough it out and think you can do it yourself

Question 19

Is it easier to push or pull?

Answer 19

pull! (use your weight when pushing or pulling)

Question 20

What requires less energy than lifting?

Answer 20

sliding, rolling, or pushing

Question 21

Should you twist your spine?

Answer 21

NO, USE LEGS TO PIVOT

Question 22

How can you prevent a back injury?

Answer 22

plan ahead

wear low heeled shoes

strengthen core

use large muscle groups, not back

use smooth coordinated movements make sure helpers move at the same time

raise the bed!

Question 23

wide base of support + low center of gravity =?

Answer 23

greater balance and stability

Question 24

should you hold your breath when lifting or moving?

Answer 24

NO ALSO ENCOURAGE PATIENT TO BREATH

Question 25

should you work on a flat surface?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

should you face the direction of movement?

Answer 26

YES

Question 27

AROM

Answer 27

active range of motion (person can put each joint through ROM independently)

Question 28

AAROM

Answer 28

patient uses a stronger limb to assist in ROM on immobile limb, nurse continues movement with PROM to appropriate degree

Question 29

PROM

Answer 29

nurse perform complete ROM on each joint, | this maintains flexibility and prevent contractures, but doesnt maintain strength

Question 30

CPM

Answer 30

continuous passive range of motion

Question 31

Are flexors stronger than extensors?

Answer 31

YES this is why contractures tend to be in a flexed posistion

Question 32

will PROM prevent contractures?

Answer 32

YES

Question 33

How should you help someone with one sided weakness or paralysis?

Answer 33

on their weak side with most stability to the waist, keeps center of gravity midline

Question 34

what sides are used on?

Answer 34

strong side

Question 35

Why would someone need to be supine?

Answer 35

after a surgical procedure or spinal anesthetic

Question 36

What are the uses of the fowlers posistions?

Answer 36

improves lung expansion ventilation CO drainage

Question 37

What are the uses of the dorsal recumbent?

Answer 37

vaginal exams legs are flexed and externally rotated

Question 38

What are the uses of prone position and some concerns?

Answer 38

full hip and knee extension --- prevent contractures limited chest expansion (respiratory) pressure plantar flexion of the feet lumbar hyperextension

Question 39

What are some uses for the lateral position?

Answer 39

sleeping removing pressure from sacrum use unaffected side of paralyzed or sensory deficient patient

Question 40

What is sims position and whys it used?

Answer 40

drainage from mouth pressure reduction prevent aspiration administering enema sleeping-pregnant patients use unaffected side in paralysis or sensory deficit lower leg and arm behind patient and upper arm and leg are in front

Question 41

What is a PRAFO boot?`

Answer 41

pressure - reducing- anti-footdrop-orthotic boot

Question 42

What else prevents foot drop"?

Answer 42

high ankle shoes