Body Folding Flashcards

1
Q

Week 4

A
  • primitive streak becomes the neural tube
  • 3 germ layers become prolific and populate
  • lots of gene expression
  • lots of mitosis
  • somites
  • neural crest cells
  • gut tube formation
  • muscle specification
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2
Q

Body folding results in the creation of which two structures?

A

1.) Head and tail region
2.) Vertebral body form

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3
Q

What factors drive folding?

A

1.) Cell shape changes
2.) Increased number of cells
3.) Chemical communication

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4
Q

What’s the purpose of body folding?

A
  • neurulation begins
  • cranial neuropore closes
  • caudal neuropore closes and primitive streak disappears
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5
Q

Body folding details

A
  • yolk sac diminishes
  • body takes on cylindrical shape with regions
  • folds of tissue fuse and meet with each other
  • folds on 2 planes
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6
Q

Body takes on cylindrical shape with these regions

A

1.) Cranial (head)
2.) Caudal (tail)
3.) Lateral body fold

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7
Q

Cranial (head) region

A

view sagittal

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8
Q

Caudal (tail)

A

view sagittal

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9
Q

Lateral body fold

A

view xs

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10
Q

What are the 2 planes during folding?

A

1.) Horizontal plane
2.) Median plane

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11
Q

Horizontal plane

A

Lateral body folds

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12
Q

Median plane

A

Cranial and caudal folds

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13
Q

Cardiogenic area (heart)

A

horseshoe-shaped mesodermal tissue

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14
Q

Septum transversum

A

separates the coelom into thoracic and abdominal cavities
- ventral mesentery of stomach and duodenum
- day 22

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15
Q

________ growth of the neural plate causes the cranial rim to fold under

A

Forward

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16
Q

What does forward growth form?

A

ventral surface of future face, neck, and chest

17
Q

Forward growth pushes the oropharyngeal membrane to the region of the future ______

18
Q

Forward growth pushes the cardiogenic area and septum transverse toward the future ______

19
Q

_____ growth due to lengthening of neural tube, and somites overgrow caudal rim of yolk sac

20
Q

Caudal portion folds under traveling _______

21
Q

What does the caudal portion form?

A

ventral surface and meets with neck of yolk sac

22
Q

What happens to the yolk sac during caudal growth?

A

it lengthens and constricts

23
Q

In caudal growth, the roots of the connecting stock contains a slender endodermal hindgut diverticulum called what?

24
Q

Lateral growth

A
  • the embryonic disc flex sharply ventrally constricting and narrowing the neck of the yolk sac
25
During lateral growth, the lateral sides meet up and "zip" toward the location of the future _________
umbilicus
26
During lateral growth, all 3 germ layers ______ and _____
meet; fuse
27
T/F During lateral growth, the tube within a tube plan is established
True
28
Schisis
split or cleave
29
Gastroschisis
the bowel herniates through an opening in the body wall and is not contained within a membranous sac
30
Omphal
umbilicus