BODY FLUID

Question 1

Water constitutes ______ of total body weight

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

Typical 154-lb or 70kg lean adult male: _____or ____kg of body weight is water

Answer 2

93 lbs or 42

Question 3

Decreases with aging: body water decreases to ______ of TBW

Answer 3

45%

Question 4

Intracellular fluid constitutes _____ of person’s body weight or ____

Answer 4

40%, 28L

Question 5

The 2 primary cations in the ICF (positively charged)

Answer 5

Potassium & magnesium

Question 6

How many percent of potassium can be found in ICF? In ECF?

Answer 6

98%, 2%

Question 7

2 Principal anions in ICF (negatively charged)

Answer 7

Phosphates (PO3)
Sulphates (S04)

Question 8

2 Solutes in ICF

Answer 8

Glucose
Oxygen

Question 9

Extracellular fluids accounts for approximately _____
of the total body weight or about _____

Answer 9

20% or 14L

Question 10

What is the function of ECF?

Answer 10

Transport nutrients to and out of cell

Question 11

ECF contains high concentrations of ________, _________, and _________

Answer 11

Sodium, chloride and bicarbonate

Question 12

2 primary cations in the ECF

Answer 12

Sodium chloride
Bicarbonate

Question 13

Bicarbonate act as a________ and it is excreted by the _________

Answer 13

Buffer system, kidneys

Question 14

Normal value of bicarbonate is?

Answer 14

22 - 26 mEq/L

Question 15

What are the 3 classification of ECF

Answer 15

Interstitial fluid
Intravascular fluid
Transcellular fluid

Question 16

Classification of ÉCF that is located in spaces between most of the cells

Answer 16

Interstitial fluid

Question 17

Interstitial fluid accounts for approximately _______ of total body weight

Answer 17

15%

Question 18

Classification of ECF that is contained within the arteries, capillaries and veins

Answer 18

Intravascular fluid

Question 19

Intravascular fluid accounts for approximately_______ of TBW

Answer 19

5%

Question 20

Classification of ECF that contains urine, digestive secretions, perspiration, cerebrospinal, pleural, synovial, intraocular, gonodal and pericardial fluids

Answer 20

Transcellular fluid

Question 21

Produced by hypothalamus but stored and released by pituitary gland, increases water reabsorption

Answer 21

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 22

How does RAAS activated

Answer 22

Causes juxtaglomerular cells → Renin→Angiotensinogen (released by liver) → Angiotensin I → Angiotensin II (potent
vasoconstrictor) → stimulate adrenal glands →aldosterone (pro sodium, anti-potassium) → Na and H2O reabsorption→ ↑Circulating Blood Volume

Question 23

Responds to increased circulating blood volume and it inhibits RAAS

Answer 23

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 24

How does thirst mechanism activates

Answer 24

Excessive perspiration → increased SO → send signal to hypothalamus → activate thirst mechanism → polydipsia

↑ADH → H2O reabsorption → ↓Urine output → ↓ SO

Question 25

It is the the numberof solutes in the blood

Answer 25

Serum osmolality

Question 26

Normal values of serum osmolalilty

Answer 26

270 - 290 mOsm/kg H2O

Question 27

Hormones that releases by the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 27

ADH & oxytocin

Question 28

Normal values of sodium

Answer 28

135 - 145 mEq/l