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Body coordination Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is metabolism ?

A

large number of chemical processes that take place within your cells to ensure the maintenance of life.

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2
Q

What are catabolic reactions ?

A

Catabolic reactions break down large molecules

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3
Q

What are anabolic reactions ?

A

build complex molecules

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4
Q

What are enzymes ?

A

chemicals that speed up the rate of reaction

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5
Q

What is the lock and key model ?

A

The lock-and-key model demonstrates how each enzyme has a particular shape that allows it to attach to its substrate.

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6
Q

Identify what carbohydrates, Protiens and Lipids

A

Carbohydrates are broken into glucose
Proteins are broken into amino acids
Lipids (fats & oils) are broken down into fatty acids

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7
Q

What is diffusion ?

A

the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

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8
Q

How do the products of digestion move from the small intestine to the blood ?

A

By diffusion

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9
Q

What is the alveoli ?

A

The deepest part of the lungs where the air breathed in goes to

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10
Q

What is the heart ?

A

the pump that keeps blood moving through the arteries, veins and capillaries, which carries materials to and from every cell of your body.

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11
Q

What are the different organelles in a cell ?

A

Mitochondria is where respiration take place
Ribosomes is where proteins are assembled
Lysosomes treat wastes within cells

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12
Q

What is the liver useful for ?

A

involved in waste treatment such as breaking down toxic substances.

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13
Q

Where do the wastes from the liver go to ?

A

The kidney

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14
Q

What is the nervous system?

A

communication system that connects all the other systems of the body.

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15
Q

What is CNS ?

A

CNS is the central nervous system and it consists of the brain and spinal cord, and receives information from all over the body , processes it, and sends out a message telling the body how to respond.

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16
Q

What is PNS ?

A

PNS is the peripheral nervous system an d it consists of the nerves that carry the message to and from the CNS.

17
Q

What do nerve cells do ?

A

Nerve cells carry electronic messages known as nerve impulses from one part of the body to another.

18
Q

What do sensory neurons do ?

A

Sensory neurons carry messages from the receptors in the sense organs to the central nervous system (CNS)

19
Q

What do motor neurons do ?

A

carry messages from the central nervous system to the effectors.

20
Q

Where is the neurotransmitter released ?

A

Neurotransmitter is released when nerve impulse reaches the axon terminals in the synapse which is the space between the neurons and carries the message to the dendrite to the next neuron.

21
Q

Outline a stimulus-response model

A

stimulus-receptor-CNS–effector–response

22
Q

What is the endocrine system ?

A

The endocrine system is an internal communication system, made up of endocrine glands that produce hormones (chemical messenger molecules).

23
Q

Where are hormones transported by the bloodstream ?

A

to target cells, which change their activity in a way that will maintain the internal environment of the body

24
Q

Definition of homeostasis

A

The maintenance of a constant internal environment , regardless of external changes

25
Q

Which two organ systems are involved in homeostasis ?

A

The nervous system and the endocrine(homeostasis) system

26
Q

What does the somatic nervous system do ?

A

The somatic nervous system detects stimulus (changes in the environment) through special receptor cells in the sense organs and sends the messages to the brain

27
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system ?

A

regulates involuntary phycological processes including heart rate, blood pressure, repiration and digestion

28
Q

Sympathetic nervous system vs Parasympathetic nervous system

A

The sympathetic nervous system speeds up the functions of the body where as the parasympathetic nervous system slows the functions in the body down

29
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system include ?

A

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Science (6 decks)

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