Blood Transfusion And Blood Groups Flashcards
Blood collecting bag called as
CHITRA BAG
Ratio of blood volume and Anticoagulant solution
50:7 ratio
Example - 350ml Blood + 49ml Anticoagulant solution
Anticoagulant solutions
ACD - Acid citrate dextrose
CPD - Citrate phosphate dextrose
CPD-A - Citrate phosphate dextrose - Adenine
SAGM - Saline adenine glucose mannitol, Citrate/phosphate
Shelf life of blood
ACD - 21 Days
CPD - 21 Days
CPD-A - 35 Days
SAGM - 42 days - preferred chemical
Whole blood shelf life
Depends on added anticoagulant
Maximum 42 Days when added with SAGM
Whole blood stored at what temperature
2-6°C
Packed RBC Shelf life and storing temperature
21-49 days
Temp. 2-6°C
Platelets shelf life
5 days
Platelets stored at temp.
20-24°C
Fresh frozen plasma shelf life and temperature
1 year
-18°C
Cryoprecipitate shelf life and storing temperature
1 year
-18°C
Cryoprecipitate contains
vWF, Factor Viii, Xiii and Fibrinogen
Fresh frozen plasma contains
All clotting factors except vWF, factor 8,13 and Fibrinogen
Whole blood transfusion needs in case of
Massive blood transfusion
Exchange blood transfusion
Packed RBC transfusion in case of
Severe anemia
Prevents fluid overload
Platelet transfusion in case of
Thrombocytopenia
Fresh frozen plasma in case of
Burns - if fluid loss
Clotting factors deficiency
Cryoprecipitate transfusion in case of
In deficiency of vWF, CF 8, 13 and Fibrinogen
Which component of whole blood is not necessary to be ABO Compatible
Cryoprecipitate
Blood transfusion set consists of
Transfusion needle - 18-19gauge
Micropore filter - 170-200micron
Whole blood transfusion should be started within after taking out from blood bank
Within 30 minutes and finish within 4 hours
Fresh frozen plasma and Cryoprecipitate should be transfused within
ASAP and should be finished within 20 minutes
Complications during blood transfusion in donor
Bruise or hematoma on injection site
Vasovagal syncope
Local site complications
Hypocalcemia (due to citrate) - Perioral numbness and tingling sensation
How to prevent donor complications during blood transfusion
Slow infusion
Oral calcium
Complications in recipients during transfusion
Fever
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
Allergic reactions
TRALI
Post transfusion purpura
GVHD
Infections
Fever in receipents during blood transfusion can be due to
Febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)
Most common Blood transfusion reaction
Fever in receipents during blood transfusion can be due to
Febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)
Most common Blood transfusion reaction
Acute Hemolytic transfusion reaction also known as
Mismatch blood transfusion
Mismatching is mostly due to
Clerical error
Clinical symptoms in mismatching
Fever +++
Abdominal/flank pain
Hemoglobinuria
Management of Mismatching blood transfusion
Stop blood transfusion immediately
Iv acess + - Give normal saline
Send blood sample of patient and blood bag to check once again
Sign of Mismatching blood transfusion in anesthetic or unconscious patient
Oozing from venipuncture site
Fever
Most common allergic reaction during blood transfusion
Anaphylaxis - Type 1 HR
High risk in IgA deficiency patient
TRALI Full form
Transfusion associated acute lung injury
TRALI Happens
Within 6 hours after giving Fresh frozen plasma
TRALI Pathogenesis
It happens when donor antibodies agglutinates with recipients antibodies - these WBCs goes to lungs - increases lungs permeability - can lead to Non cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Post transfusion purpura is seen in case of
Platelets transfusion
Usually seen after 7-10 days
GVHD Full form
Graft versus host disease
GVHD usually seen in
Immunocompetent donor T cells
Within 8-10 days
Infections are seen most commonly in
Platelet transfusion
Massive blood transfusion means
If blood volume (5L) given within 24 hours
Or
More than 50% of blood volume given within 3 hours
Complications of Massive blood transfusion
1) Hypothermia
2)Electrolyte disturbances - Hyperkalemia , Hypocalcemia and Metabolic alkalosis
3) Dilutional coagulopathy
