Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Haematology > Blood Transfusion > Flashcards

Blood Transfusion Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main reasons for transfusing blood?

A

1 - Bleeding

2 - Failure of production of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes there to be different blood groups?

A

Antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the A antigen?

A

N-acetyl-galactosamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the B antigen?

A

Galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the O gene?

A

Non-functional allele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What antibodies do you have if your blood type is A?

A

B antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What antibodies do you have if your blood type is B?

A

A antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What antibodies do you have if your blood type is O

A

A and B antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What antibodies do you have if your blood type is AB?

A

No antibodies against A and B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Regarding antibodies and antigens for blood types, which are found on blood cell surface?

A

Antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Regarding antibodies and antigens for blood types, which are found in the blood?

A

Antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If a patient with blood Type A is given blood type B, what will happen?

A

The patient will make B antibodies

The A antigen and the B antibodies will clump together, resulting in Agglutination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What blood type is the universal donor?

A

Type O (they have no surface antigens, so A, B or AB patients will not react and produce any antibodies - which is good)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What blood type is the universal recipient?

A

Type AB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is there a difference in compatibility of patients and donors in FFP compared with red cell donors?

A

Because the red cell donors are only giving their red cells (which contain the surface antigens) and not giving their antibodies (which circulate in the plasma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the case of an FFP donor, which blood type is the universal donor?

A

AB

17
Q

In the case of an FFP donor, which blood type is the universal recipient?

A

O

18
Q

Which mode of inheritance is the Rh antigen inherited?

A

Mendellian

19
Q

Which genotypes will have Rh+ phenotype?

A

RR

Rr

20
Q

Which genotypes will have Rh- phenotype?

A

rr

21
Q

If a Rh- woman and an Rh+ man have a child together, what phenotype will the fetus be?

A

Rh+

22
Q

In the late stages of a pregnancy in which an Rh- woman is carrying an Rh+ baby, what will happen to the Rh status of the mother? What implications will this have for further pregnancies she has where the baby is Rh+ again

A

She will make Rh+ antibodies

During the 2nd pregnancy with another Rh+ baby, the Rh+ antibodies will attack the Rh antigens found on the fetal red blood cells - this is Rhesus disease

23
Q

What happens to RBC’s in Rhesus disease?

A

They rupture

24
Q

What diseases are blood from blood donors screened for?

A

Hepatitis B, C, E

HIV

Syphilis

25
Q

What are the indications for a red blood cell transfusion?

A

1 - Correcting severe anaemia

2 - Improve quality of life in patient with uncorrectable anaemia

3 - Prepare a patient for surgery

4 - Reverese damage caused by the patients own cells (e.g. sickle cell disease)

26
Q

What are the indications for a platelets transfusion?

A

1 - Massive haemorrhage

2 - Bone marrow failure

3 - Prophylaxis for surgery

27
Q

What are the 2 different types of plasma components that are commonly transfused?

A

FFP

Cryoprecipitate

28
Q

What is coombs test used to test for?

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

29
Q

If red cells are required extremely urgently (minutes), what is the best blood type to give?

A

O RhD negative red cells

30
Q

In massive haemorrhages, what should be ordered?

A

6 units of red cells

4 units FFP

1 unit platelets

31
Q

What are the main risks associated with RBC transfusion?

A

TACO - Transfusion associated circulatory overload

Fever

Anaphylaxis

32
Q

What are the common reasons for death related to transfusions?

A

Pulmonary complications

Delays in receiving product

33
Q

What is the treatment if a patient suffers TACO following a transfusion?

A

O2

Diuretic

Ventilation

Adrenaline

34
Q

How is haemolytic disease of the new born prevented?

A

Anti-D

35
Q

How is Haemolytic disease of the newborn treated?

A

IGIN

Phototherapy for Jaundice

Haematology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions