Blood supply to the brain

Question 1

Which 2 pairs of blood vessels provide the arterial supply to the brain.

Answer 1

• Internal Carotid Artery

- Vertebral Artery

Question 2

How do the vertebral arteries enter the skull?

Answer 2

Foramen Magnum

Question 3

How do the internal carotid arteries enter the skull?

Answer 3

carotid canal

Question 4

Which arteries contribute to the circle of willis?

Answer 4

• anterior communicating artery connects left and right cerebral arteries.
• 2 posterior communicating arteries connecting the internal carotid artery with the posterior cerebral artery.

Question 5

At what spinal level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?

Answer 5

C3

Question 6

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 6

medial portion of frontal and parietal lobe

Question 7

What does the middle cerebral artery supply?

Answer 7

lateral portion of frontal, parietal and half of temporal lobe

Question 8

what does the posterior cerebral artery?

Answer 8

all of occipital lobe

lateral - outer part of parietal and temporal lobes

Question 9

Describe the venous drainage of the brain?

Answer 9

• Superficial veins drain into the superior sagital sinus
• Deep Veins drain into the internal cerebral veins
• Internal cerebral veins drain into the great cerebral vein
• the great cerebral vein and the inferior sagital sinus join to form the STRAIGHT sinus.
• straight sinus and superior sinus join at the CONFLUENCE where they give rise to the TRANSVERSE sinus.
• Transverse sinus flows into the SIGMOID sinus.
• Sigmoid sinus flows into the INTERNAL JUGULAR vein.

Question 10

What are the main causes of primary brain hemorrhage?

Answer 10

• aneurysm rupture
• hypertension
• bleeding after cerebral infarction

Question 11

What are the common sites of a berry aneurysm?

Answer 11

• the point at which the cerebral artery departs from the circle of Willis at the base of the brain.

Question 12

what is an extradural hematoma?

Answer 12

Blood collects between the periosteal layer of the dura and the skull.
(usually occurs from the tearing of the middle meningeal artery in the region of the pterion)

Question 13

what is a subdural hematoma?

Answer 13

Venous bleeding causes collection of blood between the periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater