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Neuroscience I Exam #2 > Blood Supply, Hemorrhage, Herniation > Flashcards

Blood Supply, Hemorrhage, Herniation Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the internal carotid a. (4)

A

Cervical part
Petrous part
Cavernous part
Cerebral part

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2
Q

Parts of the vertebral a. (3)

A

Cervical part
Atlantic part
Intracranial part

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3
Q

Posterior circulation of the circle of Willis

A

Basilar a. –> anterior inferior cerebellar a., superior cerebellar a., posterior cerebral a.

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4
Q

What connects the posterior and anterior circulation?

A

Posterior communicating a.

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5
Q

What does the anterior cerebral a. supply?

A

Most of medial and superior surface of the frontal and parietal lobes.

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6
Q

What does the middle cerebral a. supply?

A

Supplies the lateral surface of frontal and parietal lobes and superior part of temporal lobe.

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7
Q

What does the posterior cerebral a. supply?

A

Occipital lobe and inferior temporal lobe.

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8
Q 
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A

A1: (precommunicating segment). ICA to ACA.
A2: (infracallosal segment). ACA below the genu/rostrum of the corpus callosum.
A3: (precallosal segment). ACA around the genu.
A4: (supracallosal segment). Above the corpus callosum.
A5: (post callosal). Caudal to corpus callosum.

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9
Q

M1
M2
M3
M4

A

M1: (shphenoidal segment) ICA to bifurcation at insula.
M2: (insular segment). Bifurcation at insula to circular sulcus.
M3: (opercular segment). Circular sulcus to external surface of lateral fissure.
M4: (cortical segment). On the cortex.

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10
Q

P1
P2
P3
P4

A

P1: basilar bifurcation to posterior communicating a.
P2: posterior communicating a. to midbrain.
P3: within the quadrigeminal cistern.
P4: cortical segment

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11
Q

What does the anterior spinal a. supply in the medulla? (3)

A

Leminiscus
Pyramids
Hypoglossal nucleus

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12
Q

What does the posterior spinal a. supply in the medulla? (4)

A

Fasciculus cuneatus
Fasciculus gracilis
Cuneate and gracile nucleus

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13
Q

What does the posterior inferior cerebellar a. supply?

A

Lateral medulla

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14
Q

What does the anterior inferior cerebellar a. supply?

A

Dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei.

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15
Q

What supplies the medial pons?

A

Paramedian branches of basilar a.

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16
Q

What supplies the lateral pons?

A

Long circumferential branches of basilar a.

17
Q

What supplies the medial parts of the midbrain?

Damage to these branches can cause what?

A

Basilar bifurcation and P1.

Weber’s syndrome

18
Q

What supplies the superior and inferior colliculi?

A

Quadrigeminal and superior cerebellar as.

19
Q

What does the anterior choroidal a. supply? (3)

A

Optic tract
Hippocampal formation
Internal capsule

20
Q

What does the lenticulostriate branches of the middle cerebral a. supply?

A

Internal capsule

21
Q

Arteries close to CN II (3)

A

ICA
Anterior cerebral a.
Anterior cerebellar a.

22
Q

Arteries close to CN III (3)

A

Posterior communicating a.
Posterior cerebral a.
Superior cerebellar a.

23
Q

Artery close to CN V (1)

A

Superior cerebellar a.

24
Q

Artery close to CN VII (1)

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar a.

25
Q

Which artery gives off sulcal arteies in the spinal cord?

A

Anterior spinal a.

26
Q

Subfalcine herniation

A

Mass pushes thru the falx cerebri and may compress anterior cerebral a.
Can cause motor and/or sensory deficits to the LE.

27
Q

Transtentorial herniation

A

Mass displaces the brain medially and through the tentorial notch.
CN III can be compressed.
Can compress the basilar a. and posterior cerebral a. and lead to vision issues.

28
Q

Uncal herniation

A

Uncus and parahippocampal gyrus are pushed over the tentorium cerebelli and into the tentorial notch.
Can compress cerebral peduncle and CN III.
Can cause CL hemiplegia and IL vision problems.

29
Q

Tonsillar herniation

A

Cerebellar tonsils press thru foramen magnum.
Can compress medulla and upper SC.
Can alter cardiac and respi centers in medulla.

30
Q

Epidural hematoma

A

Bleeding between skull and dura.
Commonly at pterion from MMA.
Lens shape on CT.

31
Q

Subdural hematoma

A

Bleeding between dura and arachnoid.
Source is venous blood.
Crescent shape on CT.

32
Q

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

Bleeding under arachnoid.
Severe headache.
Often due to aneurysm in Circle of Willis.

33
Q

Intracerebral (Subpial) hemorrhage

A

Hemorrhagic stroke.
Middle cerebral a. is usually the source.
Hx of HTN and degenerative arterial dz.

Neuroscience I Exam #2 (14 decks)

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