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IMC606: Neurology > Blood Supply > Flashcards

Blood Supply Flashcards

IMC 606

1
Q

Blood Vessel/ Area involved in

Wernicke/ Receptive Aphasia

A

RLA- superior posterior temporal lobe; MCA inferior branch

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2
Q

Blood vessel/ Area involved in

Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

A

Adjacent to RLA; MCA/PCA watershed

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3
Q

Blood Vessel/ Area involved in

Conduction Aphasia

A

Superior longitudinal fasc/arcuate fas (region connecting broca and wernicke)

No issues with comprehension, issues with repetition

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4
Q

Blood vessel/ Area involved in

Anomic Aphasia

A

Many cortical areas

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5
Q

Blood Vessel/ Area involved in

Broca/ Expressive Aphasia

A

ELA- Posterior inferior frontal gyrus; MCA

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6
Q

Blood Vessel/ Area involved in

Transcortical Motor Aphasia

A

Medial frontal lobe near ELA; ACA/MCA watershed area

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7
Q

Blood Vessel/ Area involved in

Mixed Cortical Aphasia

A

Multiple areas; ACA/MCA/PCA watershed areas

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8
Q

Blood Vessel/ Area involved in

Global Aphasia

A

ELA, RLA, SLF/arcuate fasc.; MCA

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9
Q

Abilities impaired by

Wernicke/ Receptive Aphasia

A

Reading and Writing is impaired
Comprehension of speech is impaired

Fluency and speaking may be normal

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10
Q

Abilities impaired by

Conduction Aphasia

A

Speech impairment
Repetition impairment
Impaired naming ability
Otherwise fluent and grammatical speech

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11
Q

Abilities impaired in

Broca/ Expression Aphasia

A

Comprehension
Reading
Writing
Repetition

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12
Q

Define

Aphasia

A

A cognitive language disorder. It involves a deficit in the construction, syntax, grammatical rules, or comprehension of language. Patients have the inability to speak or produce speech with correct syntax or inability to understand language. This extends to all types of language including spoken, written, or sign language.

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13
Q

Define

Dysarthria

A

A disorder of the mechanics of speech involving the muscles and structures of the vocal apparatus (lips, tongue, pharynx, vocal cords) or their nerve supply. Impaired coordination of those muscles due to cerebellar lesions is also considered a mechanical disruption of language.

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14
Q

Name dural venous sinus

A

A

Superior sagittal sinus

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15
Q

Name dural venous sinus

B

A

Straight sinus

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16
Q

Name dural venous sinus

C

A

Transverse Sinus

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17
Q

Name dural venous sinus

D

A

Sigmoid Sinus

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18
Q

Name vein

E

A

Internal Jugular vein

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19
Q

Name vein

F

A

Internal Jugular vein

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20
Q

Name dural venous sinus

G

A

Sigmoid sinus

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21
Q

Name dural venous sinus

H

A

Transverse Sinus

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22
Q

Name dural venous sinus

I

A

Straight sinus

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23
Q

Name dural venous sinus

J

A

Superior sagittal sinus

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24
Q

Name dural venous sinus

K

A

Superior sagittal sinus

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25
Q

Name dural venous sinus

L

A

Transverse sinus

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26
Q

Name dural venous sinus

M

A

Sigmoid Sinus

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27
Q

Name vein

N

A

Internal Jugular v

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28
Q

Describe the drainage of venous blood from the brain.

A

Cerebral veins -> dural venous sinuses -> internal jugular vein

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29
Q

What structures are located in the cavernous sinus?

A

Internal carotid artery, CN III, IV, VI, V1, V2

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30
Q

What are the consequences of thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus?

A

Backpressure in the venous system causing hemorrhage and infarcts; increased intracranial pressure due to blockage of CSF drainage.

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31
Q

What are the warning signs of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis in pregnancy?

A

New onset severe headache and seizures.

32
Q

Describe how the blood supply to the homunculus area for the leg differs from the supply to the upper body and face.

A

The sensory/motor area for the leg is in the paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the hemisphere. That area is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery. The area for the upper body and face is on the lateral surface supplied by the middle cerebral artery.

33
Q

What is meant by a watershed infarct? What condition causes it?

A

This is a region of ischemia located at the terminal branches where 2 major blood vessels meet. Periods of hypotension result in reduced perfusion of blood especially at these distal ends of the blood supply for these vessels, causing infarct of the tissue.

34
Q

What type of vessel is involved in lacunar strokes?

A

Lacunar strokes involve long, narrow arteries that supply small territories in the CNS. Blockage of these vessels cause infarcts involving small volumes of nervous tissue.

35
Q

What structures/areas are at highest risk for hemorrhagic strokes?

A

Basal Ganglia, thalamus, pons, cerebellum. These areas are supplied by long narrow vessels that are particularly sensitive to chronic hypertension.

36
Q

Where are Berry aneurysms typically located and what vessels are they associated with?

A

They are located at branch points of vessels typically around the Circle of Willis. They are associated with the ACA, MCA, PCA, ACommA, PCommA.

37
Q

Name blood vessel

A

A

ACA

38
Q

Name blood vessel

B

A

MCA

39
Q

Name blood vessel

C

A

ICA

40
Q

Name blood vessel

D

A

ACA

41
Q

Name blood vessel

E

A

MCA

42
Q

Name blood vessel

F

A

ICA

43
Q

Territory of the

Anterior cerebral artery

A

Medial surface of hemispheres

44
Q

Territory of the

Middle Cerebral artery

A

Lateral surface of hemispheres

45
Q

Territory of the

Lenticulostriate arteries (via MCA)

A

Deep areas of cerebral hemispheres

46
Q

Territory of the

Ophthalmic artery (via internal carotid)

A

Eye

47
Q

Territory of the

Anterior Choroidal artery

A

Temporal lobe, Post Limb IC

48
Q

Territory of the

Vertebral Artery

A

Posterolateral surface of rostral medulla, brainstem, spinal cord, cerebellum

49
Q

Territory of the

Posterior Cerebral Artery

A

Inferior surface temporal lobe, medial surface occipital lobe, midbrain

50
Q

Territory of the

Superior Cerebellar artery

A

posterolateral midbrain

51
Q

Territory of the

Basilar artery

A

Pons

52
Q

Territory of the

AICA

A

Lateral aspect of caudal pons

53
Q

Territory of the

PICA

A

Posterolateral surface of the rostral medulla

54
Q

Territory of the

Anterior Spinal artery

A

Medial aspect of medulla; anterior surface of spinal cord

55
Q

Territory of the

Posterior Spinal Artery

A

Posterolateral surface of caudal medulla, posterior aspect of spinal cord

56
Q

Major structures supplied by

Anterior Cerebral Artery

A

Motor/sensory areas for leg and foot, micturition

57
Q

Major structures supplied by

Middle Cerebral Artery

A

Motor/sensory areas for head, trunk, arm; language areas, frontal eye fields

58
Q

Major structures supplied by

Lenticulostriate arteries (via MCA)

A

Internal capsule, BG

59
Q

Major structures supplied by

Ophthalmic artery (via internal carotid)

A

retina

60
Q

Major structures supplied by

Anterior Choroidal artery

A

Hippocampus, amygdala, Post Limb IC, LGN

61
Q

Major structures supplied by

Vertebral Artery

A

Major branches to brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord

62
Q

Major structures supplied by

Posterior Cerebral artery

A

Visual cortex; midbrain (crus cerebri, sub nigra, red nuc, med Lem, VTT, ALS)

63
Q

Major structures supplied by

Superior Cerebellar artery

A

Superior/inferior colliculi, cerebellum

64
Q

Major structures supplied by

Basilar artery

A

All sensory, motor tracts

65
Q

Major structures supplied by

AICA

A

facial nuc, inner ear, cerebellum

66
Q

Major structures supplied by

PICA

A

Vest nuc, Inf crblr ped, SpTrigemTrct/nuc, Nuc Ambiguous, ALS, symp fibers, cerebellum

67
Q

Major structures supplied by

Anterior Spinal Artery

A

Pyramid, ML; spinal cord (LCST, ALS)

68
Q

Major structures supplied by

Posterior Spinal Artery

A

SpTrigem tract/nuc, Nuc cuneatus/gracilis; spinal cord (dorsal columns)

69
Q

What artery supplies

CN II

A

Ophthalmic artery

70
Q

What artery supplies

CN III

A

Posterior Cerebral artery

71
Q

What artery supplies

CN IV

A

Superior Cerebellar artery

72
Q

What artery supplies

CN V, VI, VII

A

Basilar artery

73
Q

What artery supplies

CN VII, VIII

A

AICA

74
Q

What artery supplies

Nuc Ambiguus (IX,X)

A

PICA

75
Q

What artery supplies

CN XII

A

Anterior Spinal artery

76
Q

What is

Transcortical motor aphasia

A

Nonfluent aphasia with halting and stopping
Good repetition skills

IMC606: Neurology (11 decks)

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