Blood Products Flashcards
Which is the most important factor in determining whether to give cryoprecipitate?
A low fibrinogen level
<1.5g/l
What’s prothrombin complex used in?
Reversing anticoagulants with bleeding or head injury.
Iatrogenic infection with gram negative organisms likely to come from which blood product?
Packed red cells
Iatrogenic infection with gram positive organisms likely to come from which blood product?
Platelets (stored at room temp)
What’s in fresh frozen plasma?
Clotting factors, albumin and Immunoglobulins.
Used in liver patients who can’t produce products
What are the early and late complications of blood transfusions?
Early - haemolytic relations, allergies, TRALI, circulation overload, thrombophlebitis, hyperkalemia, citrate toxicity, hypothermia, clotting abnormalities
Late - transmission of infection (viral, bacterial, parasites), graft vs host, iron overload,
What are the immediate and delay haemolytic reactions following blood transfusion?
Immediate - ABO incompatibility- intravasucular haemolysis - pain, fever, chills, nausea and vomiting, dyspnoea, hypotension
Delayed - rheusus or Kidd incompatibility - extravascular haemolysis, - 7-21days post transfusion, low haematocrit, jaundice, DAT positive
What Are the most common transfusion complications?
Febrile non-haemolytic reactions
Chill-rigor reactions
What’s the most common cause of death after transfusion?
Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)
This is seen during transfusion or up to 6hrs after. - pulmonary oedema symptoms, can be immune or non-immune. Often requires mechanical ventilation (70%).
What are irraditated blood products used for?
Used for blood transfusion in people with immune system compromise. To reduce the risk of graft vs host disease
In thalassaemia major when should desferroixamine be started?
After 10-20 transfusions so about the age 2
