Blood management

Question 2

Blood transfusion are given to:

Answer 2

Increase
1. CaO2 (blood carrying capacity
2. DO2 (delivery of O2)

Question 3

Maximum allowable blood loss equation:

Answer 3

starting hct

Question 4

DO2 is

Answer 4

Oxygen delivery

oxygen needs to be delivered to the tissues

Question 5

DO2 (oxygen delivery) is dependent on

Answer 5

1. oxygen content (CaO2) of blood
2. blood flow of tissue (CO)

Question 6

CaO2 is

Answer 6

Oxygen content

Question 7

Oxygen content (CaO2) =

Answer 7

O2 dissolved in blood + O2 carried or bound by hemoglobin

Question 8

DO2 =
(equation)

Answer 8

CaO2 x CO

Question 9

VO2 is

Answer 9

oxygen consumption

Question 10

DO2 (what is it and equation)

Answer 10

Oxygen delivery

CaO2 x CO

Question 11

Oxygen content (CaO2) equation:

Answer 11

Oxygen bound to Hgb + oxygen dissolved in blood

(1.34 x Hgb x O2 sat/100) + (0.003 x PO2)

Question 12

Oxygen bound to hgb calculation

Answer 12

1.34 x Hgb x O2sat/100)

Question 13

Oxygen dissolved in blood calculation

Answer 13

0.003 x PO2

Question 14

Normal oxygen consumption (VO2)

Answer 14

250 mL/min or

3.5 mL/kg/min

Question 15

Mixed venous measurement reflects:

Answer 15

balance of O2 delivery (DO2) and consumption (VO2)

Question 16

Normal SVO2 (mixed venous saturation)

Answer 16

65-75%

Question 17

Normal PvO2

Answer 17

35-45 mmHg`

Question 19

tachycardia and decreased SVO2 (mixed venous saturation) are suggestive of

Answer 19

anemia in the setting of intraoperative hemorrhage

Question 20

DO2 integrates

Answer 20

1. cardiac index
2. oxyhemoglobin saturation
3. hgb concentration

(rather just using hgb to decide on transfusion)

Question 21

Survival in high-risk patients is associated with a DO2 greater than or equal to

Answer 21

600 mL O2/min/m2

Question 22

DO2 (oxygen delivery) calculation:

Answer 22

CO (L/min) x CaO2 (mL O2/dL)

Question 23

when calculating DO2, remember to

Answer 23

convert CO (L/min) to dL/min (end value should be O2/min)

Question 24

ASA task force concludes that transfusion is usually unecessary for hgb

Answer 24

hgb>10

Question 25

ASA task force conlucdes that transfusion is usually necessary for hgb

Answer 25

hgb<6

Question 26

1 united of blood = (hgb)

Answer 26

1 unit blood = increase hgb by 1

Question 27

PRBC administration: blood loss ratio

Answer 27

1:1 or 1:2 PRBCs: mL blood loss

Question 28

One unit of PRBC will increase hct

Answer 28

increase hct 2-3%

Question 29

Mass transfusion is defined as:

Answer 29

1. > =10 unites over 24 hours 2. Loss of 50% of blood volume within 3 hours or less

Question 30

RBCs given with crystalloids and colloids issue:

Answer 30

Does not provide coagulation factors and can lead to dilutional coagulopaty of dilutional thrombocytopenia

Question 31

Banked blood is commonly anticoagulated by

Answer 31

citrate

Question 32

citrate issue

Answer 32

inhibits coagulation -> hypocalcemia,hyperglycemia (dextrose containing)

Question 33

Very rapid infusion of blood can (ionized calcium and results)

Answer 33

reduce ionized calcium --> hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia

Question 34

The lethal triad with mass transfusion

Answer 34

1. Hypoperfusion/acidosis 2. Hypothermia 3. coagulopathy

Question 35

FFP contains

Answer 35

all coagulation factors

Question 36

Reversal of warfarin

Answer 36

FFP 5-8mL/kg

Question 37

Platelet transfusion is indicated for

Answer 37

platelet count less than 50,000

Question 38

Cryo contains

Answer 38

1. factor VII 2. con Willebrand factor 3. fibrinogen (highest concentration)

Question 39

Universsal RBC donor

Answer 39

O negative

Question 40

Universal Plasma donor

Answer 40

AB positive

Question 41

Universial RBC recipient

Answer 41

AB positive

Question 42

Universal plasma recipient

Answer 42

O negative

Question 43

know blood group antigen, antibody, compatability

Answer 43

apex

Question 44

Order of prevalence of viral diseases in. banked blood

Answer 44

cytomegalovirus > hepatitis B > Hepatitis C > HIV