Blood Loss & Transfusion Flashcards
What are the components of blood?
Erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, ions and water
What are the main functions of blood?
Transportation of O2, CO2, ions and metabolic units. Acts in humoral and cellular immune systems.
How long is whole blood good for?
8 hrs. post collection-after that it is old whole blood
What are the components of whole blood?
RBC, WBC, platelets, plasma, plasma proteins and coagulation factors (old blood doesn’t have coagulation factors)
When would you use whole blood?
Actively bleeding patient, hypovolemia, secondary acute hemorrhage.
What are the components of packed RBC?
RBC
When do you use packed red blood cells?
Patients with allergic reactions to plasma proteins or with febrile non-hemolytic reactions to WBC
When would you use platelet-rich plasma?
Severe bleeding in thrombocytopenic animals
What is pure plasma rich in?
Factor VIII, VWF and Fibrinogen
When should blood transfusions occur?
Acute blood loss (>20%), more than 10-15% blood volume loss intra-op, acute anemia <20% or chronic anemia <15%
What is the survival time of RBC in dogs, cats, horses and cattle?
Dogs:110-120
Cats: 75-80
Horses: 140-150
Cattle: 140-160
Which species doesn’t have to be screened for blood type before transfusion?
Dogs
What is the most common blood type in canines?
DEA 1.1
Why do you always blood type cats?
They have naturally occurring autoantibodies
What are the most antigenic blood types in horses?
Aa and Qa
