Anesthesia of Avian Species Flashcards
What are the two distinct functional compartments in birds?
Ventilation and gaseous exchange
What are the components of ventilation compartment?
Trachea, bronchi, air sacs, thoracic skeleton and respiratory muscles (Large amount of dead space)
Where does gaseous exchange occur?
Parabronchial lung-3-6 funnel shaped ducts
T/F: Avian species have no diaphragm
TRUE. Liver lobes border the apex of the heart
T/F: Avian species has NO epiglottis
TRUE
T/F: Inspiration and expiration in birds is an active process
TRUE
Describe the inspiratory and expiratory process in the bird
Inspiration 1: some air flows into lungs but mostly caudal air sacs
Expiration 1: air from caudal air sacs flows to lungs
Inspiration 2: air passes to cranial sacs
Expiration 2: air exhaled from cranial sacs
Why is oxygen extraction more efficient in birds?
Counter-current flow allowing continuous exchange
T/F: Avian have low heart rates but high SV and CO.
True
What vein has a valve directing blood from caudal extremities to central circulation?
External iliac vein
What is the main heat escape mechanism?
Gular flutter
What is the fasting time for birds < 200 g, psittacines and raptors?
< 200 g: no fasting-2 hrs at most
Psittacines: 4-6 hrs.
Raptors: 6-12 hrs.
What side effect accompanies the dive response in avian?
Bradycardia accompanies the apnea of the dive response
What kind of ETT are used?
Non-cuffed ETT
T/F: Minimum anesthetic concentration doesn’t apply to birds
FALSE: Minimium alveolar concentration doesn’t apply to birds because they don’t have alveoli
