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Immunohematology > Blood Groups > Flashcards

Blood Groups Flashcards

1
Q

expression of blood groups

A

codominant

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2
Q

blood groups that do not express Mendelian rules of inheritance

A

Xg and Kx

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3
Q

formed when exposed to foreign antigens

A

alloantibodies

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4
Q

antibodies that react to self antigens

A

autoantibodies

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5
Q

key role of the complement system

A

hemolysis

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6
Q

gene product of ABO

A

glycosyltransferases

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7
Q

gene product of MNS

A

glycophorins

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8
Q

gene product of P1PK

A

P1 antigen

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9
Q

gene product of RH

A

RhD protein and RHCE protein

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10
Q

gene product of Lutheran

A

Lutheran glycoprotein, B-CAM

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11
Q

gene product of Kell

A

Kell protein

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12
Q

gene product of Lewis

A

alpha-3/4-fucosyl transferase

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13
Q

gene product of Duffy

A

DARC

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14
Q

gene product of Kidd

A

HUT11

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15
Q

gene product of Diego

A

Anion exchanger 1 (AE1), Band 3

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16
Q

gene product of Cartwright

A

acetylcholinesterase

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17
Q

gene product of Xg

A

CD99

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18
Q

gene product of Scianna

A

HEMP

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19
Q

gene product of Dombrock

A

ADP-ribosyl transferase (CD297)

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20
Q

gene product of Colton

A

CHIP

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21
Q

gene product of LW

A

ICAM (CD 242)

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22
Q

gene product of Chido/Rogers

A

C4A and C4B complement glycoproteins

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23
Q

gene product of Hh

A

alpha 1/2 fucosyl transferase

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24
Q

gene product of Kx

A

Kx glycoprotein

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25
Q

gene products of Gerbich

A

glycophorin C and glycophorin D

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26
Q

gene product of Cromer

A

decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD 55)

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27
Q

gene product of Knops

A

complement receptor 1 (CD35)

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28
Q

gene product of indian

A

CD44

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29
Q

gene product of OK

A

CD147, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer

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30
Q

gene product of Raph

A

tetraspanin (CD151)

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31
Q

gene product of JMH

A

semaphorin (CD108)

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32
Q

gene product of I

A

alpha 1/6- N acetylglucosaminyl transferase

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33
Q

gene product of Globoside

A

alpha 1/3 N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase

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34
Q

gene product of Gil

A

aquaglycoporin

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35
Q

gene product of RHAG

A

Rh-associated glycoprotein (CD 241)

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36
Q

single most important blood group

A

ABO

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37
Q

ABO blood group contains how many phenotypes

A

4 (A, B, AB, O)

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38
Q

discovered ABO blood group

A

Landsteiner in 1901

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39
Q

discovered AB

A

Von decastello and Sturli in 1902

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40
Q

immunodominant sugar of H

A

L-fucose

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41
Q

immunodominant sugar of A

A

N-acetylgalactosamine

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42
Q

immunodominant sugar of B

A

D-galactose

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43
Q

ABO chromosome

A

chromosome 1

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44
Q

H chromosome

A

chromosome 19

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45
Q

rarest bloodtype

A

Bombay

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46
Q

naturally occuring antobodies in Bombay

A

anti-A, anti-B and anti-H

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47
Q

ABO antibodies are detectable at what age?

A

3-6 months

48
Q

antibody class of ABO

A

IgG and IgM

49
Q

most reactive to anti-H

A

O

50
Q

least reactive to anti-H

A

A1B

51
Q

complete absence of H antigens

A

Oh

52
Q

what are the major subgroups of A?

A

A1 and A2

53
Q

anti-A1 lectin

A

Dolichos biflorus

54
Q

ABO blood group discrepancy characterized by missing antibodies

A

type 1

55
Q

ABO blood group discrepancy characterized by missing antigens

A

type 2

56
Q

ABO blood group discrepancy characterized by abnormal plasma proteins

A

type 3

57
Q

ABO blood group discrepancy characterized by miscellaneous causes

A

type 4

58
Q

biological role of ABO blood groups

A

cause acute rejection in solid organ transplants

59
Q

discovered the D antigen

A

Levine and Stetson

60
Q

most common genotype in whites

A

R1r

61
Q

most common genotypes in blacks

A

R0r

62
Q

immunogenocity if Rh antigens

A

D>c>E>C>e

63
Q

Tippet genetic theory

A

2 genes: RHD and RHCE

64
Q

Fisher-Race genetic theory

A

3 genes

65
Q

Weiner genetic theory

A

1 gene

66
Q

chromosome of Rh

A

chromosome 1

67
Q

how do you detect weak D?

A

IAT

68
Q

How are weak D persons identified?

A

Rh (-) as blood recipients
Rh(+) as blood donors
Rh(-) Du (+)

69
Q

antibody produced by Rhnull

A

anti-Rh29

70
Q

how much Rh-positive RBCs are needed to induce alloantibody production?

A

<0.1 ml

71
Q

Kell antigens are susceptible to?

A

DTT, AET, 2-ME, ZZAP

72
Q

a zinc neutral endopeptidase is homologous to?

A

CALLA, CD10

73
Q

characteristics of K0K0

A

lacks all Kell antigens

increased expression of Kx

74
Q

antibody produced by K0K0

A

anti-Ku (anti-KEL5)

75
Q

most common immune antibody outside ABO and Rh

A

anti-K

76
Q

confers resistance to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesii

A

-Fy; Fy (a-b-)

77
Q

confers resistance to HIV

A

Fynull

78
Q

very common cause of delayed HTRs

A

Kidd

79
Q

most common MNS null phenotype

A

U-

80
Q

lacks all MNS antigens due to deletion of GYPA and GYPB

A

Mk

81
Q

lacks GYPA

A

En (a-); coincides with the loss of Wrb

82
Q

antibody produced by dialysis patients

A

autoanti-N (anti-Nf)

83
Q

confers resistance to Plasmodium falciparum

A

En (a-)

84
Q

the only blood group no null phenotype

A

Diego

85
Q

product of H antigen

A

FUT1

86
Q

product of Se

A

FUT2

87
Q

product of Le

A

FUT3

88
Q

Null phenotype of Secretors

A

Le d

89
Q

Null phenotype of non-secretors

A

Le c

90
Q

what bacteria binds to Lewis antigen

A

Helicobacter pylori

91
Q

epitope for CA 19-9

A

Sialyl-Le a

92
Q

neutralizer of Lewis antigens

A

saliva

93
Q

neutralizers of P antigens

A

hydatid cyst

94
Q

biphasic hemolysin

A

Donath-Landsteiner

95
Q

mechanism of Donath-Landsteiner antibodies

A

bonds at 4C, bursts at 37C

96
Q

P1 can be receptors for

A

Shigella dysenteriae and EHEC

97
Q

P can be receptors for

A

Parvovirus B19 and UPEC

98
Q

Pk can be receptors for

A

Shigella dysenteriae, EHEC, UPEC,

HIV, Streptococcus suis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

99
Q

blood group with increased expression on reticulocytesand sickle cells of sickle cell patients

A

Lutheran

100
Q

Lutheran has high affinity receptor for

A

laminin

101
Q

cause of PNH-III

A

Dombrock null

102
Q

receptors for influenza virus

A

GYPC and GYPD

103
Q

receptor for UHEC, E.coli, echovirus and Coxsackie B virus

A

CD55

104
Q

receptor for Haemophilus influenzae

A

AnWj/CD44

105
Q

neutralizer for I blood group

A

milk and/or urine

106
Q

name given to HLA class I antigens

A

Bg

107
Q

formerly known as Bennet-Goospeed

A

HLA-B7

108
Q

Bg expressed in WBC

A

HLA-B27

109
Q

Bg that is clinically benign

A

HLA-A28

110
Q

appears as shiny and refractile under the microscope

A

anti-Sda

111
Q

neutralizer of anti-Sda

A

urine

112
Q

most severe HTR

A

ABO

113
Q

antibody involved in intravascular red cell destruction

A

IgM; large amounts of complement

114
Q

antibody involved in extravascular red cell destruction

A

IgG

115
Q

antibodies that are often described as complement dependent

A

KIdd antibodies

116
Q

alloimmunization is acquired via:

A

pregnancy
transfusion
disease (EBV and IM)

Immunohematology (5 decks)

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