Blood Groups Flashcards
What verifies compatability between donor and recipient
Cross-matching
Blood groups are… (3)
- Inheritable
- Species-specific
- Immunogenic
T/F - blind transfusions at birth are usually safe
True - most animals lack blood group at birth
How many blood groups do horses have
7
T/F - horses have a universal donor blood group
False - none
Which equine blood groups are most immunogenic
EAA
EAQ
Equine blood groups
EA……
- A*
- C
- D
K - P
- Q*
- U
How can you test a foal for blood group parentage
DNA test at hair root
A first mismatched transfusion in a horse is…
Well tolerated —> few alloantibodies
How can horses be sensitized to blood groups
- Prior transfusion
- Pregnancy
- Vaccine
Future progeny of a sensitized mare are more likely to suffer from what?
Neonatal isoerythrolysis
If a sensitized horse is given a mismatched transfusion, what happens?
Death
Emergency situation with a horse needing blood. Cannot type. What do you do?
Give blood from same breed or close relative
Which blood groups should you not give a horse if you are uncertain of blood type
EAA
EAQ
Horse blood donor criteria
- >1000lbs
- EIA-ve
- Normal to high Hct
- Brood mare blood groups must be idnetical to prevent NI
How many blood groups do cows have? How many antigens?
- 70+antigens
More sensitive bovine blood group
J - not part of RBC membrane, antigen reactions
Avoid!
What’s an application of bovine blood testing
Parentage
What happens in a first mis-matched transfusion in a cow
Nothing – transfusion reactions are
Unmatched blood results in rapid RBC removal
Which canine blood groups are most antigenic? What does mismatching result in?
DEA 1.1, 1.2
Hemolysis
Which canine blood groups will result in increased removal of transfused RBCs if mis-matched
DEA 3, 5, 7
Which canine blood groups have alloantibodies
DEA 3, 5, 7
Which breed are ideal donors? Why?
Greyhounds - higher Hct
First mis-matched transfusions in dogs are ….
Safe
T/F Cats have a universal donor
False
Which feline blood group is most common in USA
A
Which feline blood group is most common in Europe
B
Canine blood groups
DEA 1 –>8
How many blood groups do dogs have
8
How many bloodgroups do cats have? What are they?
3 : A, B, AB
What happens if you give a type B cat type A blood?
Acute severe transfusion reaction
What happens if you give a type A cat type B blood
Rapid removal of RBCs
Which feline blood group is most antigenic
Type B: has most anti-A aggulitins and hemolysins
Neonatal isoerythrolysis happens to type _____ kittens born to type _____ cats
Type A/AB kittens born to Type B cats
C/S neonatal isoerythrolysis in kittens
Fatal, fading cat syndrom (subclinical)
Donor cat criteria
- FeLV and FIV neg
- Location: Europe (B) via USA (A)
- Spp. (breed?) diff
Clinical criteria for blood transfusions (3)
- Life-threatening situation
- Slow progressing anemia (PCV <12%)
- Rapid progressing anemia (PCV< 20%)
Consideration you should make in regards to in-tact females before giving blood donation
Transfusion can affect cells of future offspring
Lifespan of transfused RBCs in cats, dogs, horses, cows
Cats: 5 weeks
Dogs: 3 weeks
Horses: 1 week
Cows: several days
How much can an animal donate
15 ml/kg every 4 weeks
What do you store blood in
Acid citrate dextrose
Packed RBC samples best for
Anemia
What are plasma cyroprecipitate products
vWF
Factor VIII
What are plasma supernatant products
Albumin
Factors VII and IX
T/F - transfusion reactions only happen if blood groups dont match
FALSE
Types of transfusion reactions
- Lysis
- Febrile, non-hemolytic (caused by WBCs)
- Anaphylaxis
- Microbe
- NI
- DIC
- Bone marrow suppression
- Death
