Blood: Definitions - Introduction 12.1

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

A type of plasma protein that makes up 60% of the blood plasma.

Question 2

Antibody

Answer 2

Antibody Produce by our immune system to attach to foreign materials and mark them for destruction and removal.

Question 3

Blood clotting

Answer 3

Blood has several mechanisms to stop bleeding thus preventing loss of blood.

Question 4

Blood gases

Answer 4

Gases found in the bloodstream – Oxygen and carbon dioxide are the major blood gases.

Question 5

Bone Marrow

Answer 5

Soft fatty tissue found inside bones. Two types: red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow.

Question 6

Buffy coat

Answer 6

The layer of leukocytes and thrombocytes when blood is centrifuge. These are included in the formed element layer.

Question 7

Cardiovascular System

Answer 7

Contains heart and blood vessels.

Question 8

Circulatory System

Answer 8

Contains heart, blood vessels and blood.

Question 9

Centrifuge

Answer 9

Lab machine that spins tubes of blood at high speed.

Question 10

Electrolytes

Answer 10

Chemicals that can conduct electricity – sodium, potassium, calcium …

Question 11

Erythrocyte

Answer 11

Commonly called “red blood cell”.

Question 12

Extracellular Fluids (ECF)

Answer 12

Fluids that lie outside the cell. Examples: interstitial fluid, blood, CSF, Fluid in the eye.

Question 13

Fibrin

Answer 13

Formed when fibrinogen is activated; fibrin is a sticky, string-like substance similar to the “strings of a spider’s web”.

Question 14

Fibrinogen

Answer 14

Plasma protein that can form a “sticky web” that is associated with blood clotting.

Question 15

Formed Elements

Answer 15

Refers to the rbcs, wbcs and platelets ; cells and cell fragments.

Question 16

Globulin

Answer 16

Plasma protein associated with antibodies (gamma globulins)

Question 17

Hematocrit

Answer 17

Spun down blood; Percentage of rbcs in a volume of blood.

Question 18

Hemopoiesis

Answer 18

Production of the formed elements. Also called hematopoiesis.

Question 19

Hemopoietic Stem Cell

Answer 19

A cell that can make rbcs, wbcs, and platelets. Also called hematopoietic stem cell.

Question 20

Hormones

Answer 20

Chemicals secreted by endocrine glands.

Question 21

Inflammation

Answer 21

Defense method that occurs when the body’s cells are damaged or invaded by microorganisms.

Question 22

Leukocytes

Answer 22

Commonly called white blood cells.

Question 23

Metabolic wastes

Answer 23

Wastes produced from daily metabolism.

Question 24

Microorganisms

Answer 24

Small organisms that are observed using a microscope. Include bacteria, parasites, … Also called microbes.

Question 25

Plasma

Answer 25

The liquid portion of blood which contains water, plasma proteins, nutrients, wastes, electrolytes, blood gases and hormones.

Question 26

Plasma proteins (Blood proteins)

Answer 26

Proteins found in the liquid portion of blood.

Question 27

Red bone marrow

Answer 27

Located in the epiphyses of the adult bones and between flat bones. Active in new blood cell formation (hemopoiesis).

Question 28

Serum

Answer 28

Fluid that remains after blood clots and solids are removed from plasma.

Question 29

Stem Cell

Answer 29

A cell that can make many different cell types.

Question 30

Thrombocyte

Answer 30

Fragment of a cell called a megakaryocyte; commonly called a platelet.