Blood: Definitions - Introduction 12.1 Flashcards
Albumin
A type of plasma protein that makes up 60% of the blood plasma.
Antibody
Antibody Produce by our immune system to attach to foreign materials and mark them for destruction and removal.
Blood clotting
Blood has several mechanisms to stop bleeding thus preventing loss of blood.
Blood gases
Gases found in the bloodstream – Oxygen and carbon dioxide are the major blood gases.
Bone Marrow
Soft fatty tissue found inside bones. Two types: red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow.
Buffy coat
The layer of leukocytes and thrombocytes when blood is centrifuge. These are included in the formed element layer.
Cardiovascular System
Contains heart and blood vessels.
Circulatory System
Contains heart, blood vessels and blood.
Centrifuge
Lab machine that spins tubes of blood at high speed.
Electrolytes
Chemicals that can conduct electricity – sodium, potassium, calcium …
Erythrocyte
Commonly called “red blood cell”.
Extracellular Fluids (ECF)
Fluids that lie outside the cell. Examples: interstitial fluid, blood, CSF, Fluid in the eye.
Fibrin
Formed when fibrinogen is activated; fibrin is a sticky, string-like substance similar to the “strings of a spider’s web”.
Fibrinogen
Plasma protein that can form a “sticky web” that is associated with blood clotting.
Formed Elements
Refers to the rbcs, wbcs and platelets ; cells and cell fragments.
Globulin
Plasma protein associated with antibodies (gamma globulins)
Hematocrit
Spun down blood; Percentage of rbcs in a volume of blood.
Hemopoiesis
Production of the formed elements. Also called hematopoiesis.
Hemopoietic Stem Cell
A cell that can make rbcs, wbcs, and platelets. Also called hematopoietic stem cell.
Hormones
Chemicals secreted by endocrine glands.
Inflammation
Defense method that occurs when the body’s cells are damaged or invaded by microorganisms.
Leukocytes
Commonly called white blood cells.
Metabolic wastes
Wastes produced from daily metabolism.
Microorganisms
Small organisms that are observed using a microscope. Include bacteria, parasites, … Also called microbes.
Plasma
The liquid portion of blood which contains water, plasma proteins, nutrients, wastes, electrolytes, blood gases and hormones.
Plasma proteins (Blood proteins)
Proteins found in the liquid portion of blood.
Red bone marrow
Located in the epiphyses of the adult bones and between flat bones. Active in new blood cell formation (hemopoiesis).
Serum
Fluid that remains after blood clots and solids are removed from plasma.
Stem Cell
A cell that can make many different cell types.
Thrombocyte
Fragment of a cell called a megakaryocyte; commonly called a platelet.
