Blood Administration Flashcards by Danielle McDowell

What are PRBC used for?

Anemia and increase RBC mass

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What are platelets used for?

Hemorrhage

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What is fresh frozen plasma used for?

Used to control bleeding and replacement of coagulation factors

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What is cryoprecipitate used for?

Von Willebrand disease and low fibrin

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Albumin use?

Burns

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Immune Globulin use?

Chronic lymphocytic anemia and immunodeficiency

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Type A blood: Ab and Ag?

B Ab, and A Ag.

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Type B: Ab and Ag?

B Ag and A Ab

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Type AB: Ab and Ag?

Both A and B Ag and no antibodies.

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Type O: Ab and Ag?

No A or B Ag and both antibodies.

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If someone has type D Ag, they are _______, if they are without the D Ag they will be _______

Rh +, Rh -

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Indications for blood transfusion?

Hemorrhage, burns, anemia, severe injuries and traume.

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What is the procedure to check blood?

2 RN to check the blood and patient.

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What are SS of febrile non-hemolytic reaction? Prevention? Treatment?

Fever, chills. Leukocyte reduction filter. Antipyretic and analgesic.

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SS of acute hemolytic reaction? Reason why it happens? Treatment?

Worst kind of reaction to have. Fever, chills, lower back pain, nausea, chest tightness/SOB. Donor blood is incompatible with receiver blood = rapid hemolysis. Antipyretic and analgesic.

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SS of allergic reaction? Treatment?

Hives, itching, can become anaphylaxis. Epinephrine, diphenhydramine, corticosteroids, IVF depending on severity.

SS of circulatory overload? Treatment? What mostly causes this?

JVD, pulmonary edema, SOB, bounding pulse, chest tightness. Diuretics and morphine. Mostly caused by platelets and fresh frozen plasma.

SS of bacterial contamination?

Fever, malaise, increase WBC. Giving abx.

SS of TRALI? Complication? When might we see this happen?

Pulm edema, fever, chills, resp. distress. Renal failure. Withing 4 hours of transfusion.

SS of delayed hemolytic reaction? Is this a dangerous reaction?

Fever, anemia, increased bili, jaundice. No.

If there is any reaction whatsoever what do we do?

Stop reaction, disconnect blood from IV site, run NS at TKVO from new set, notify MD and transfusion services STAT, VS, transfusion reaction report, take blood samples from opposite extremity.

What gauge are we using for blood admin?

18-20

What IVF are we NEVER running with blood products? Why?

Dextrose. Causes coagulation of blood products.

How many mls/hr are we infusing blood for the first 15 min?

50 ml/hr

How often are we taking vitals once initiating blood?

q 5, q 15, q 1 hr

How long do we have to hang blood once arrived from transfusion services?

30 min

How many mls are we flushing the line with after administering blood? What will the rate be?

50 ml. Same rate at what was running before.

After the blood is released from transfusion services how long do we have for blood to be fully administered?

4 hours.

What teaching should be included in relation to admin of blood?

Adverse reactions/SS of adverse reactions, length of time to infuse.

How long do we have to stay with out patient when we initially hang blood and begin running it?

15 min

At what level do we spike the blood?

Chest level

PPE for blood admin?

Gloves

Can we use the same line of IV tubing for a different unit of blood?

Mild vs Severe reactions?

Mild: onset up to 1 hr, erythema, hives, urticaria, itching, pruitis. Severe: Onset of 5-15 min, coughing, wheezing, SOB, vomiting, nausea, decrease LOC