Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

block 3 Anna > Block 3 Lecture 2 digestion of carbs > Flashcards

Block 3 Lecture 2 digestion of carbs Flashcards

1
Q

what are carbohhydrates broken down into for absorption?

A

monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are fats broken down into?

A

fatty acids and glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is in salivary secretions?

A

water, ions, salivary amylase and lysozymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what do mucous cells in the stomach secrete and what is the function of their secretion?

A

mucous to protect the epithelium from acid secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do parietal cells secrete and what is the function of their secretion?

A

gastric acid and intrinsic factor, HCL helps with food digestion and intrinsic factor is needed for B12 absoption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do chief cells secrete and what is the function of their secretion?

A

pepsinogen the precurser of pepsin which is a proteolytic enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do enterendocrine cells in the stomach secrete and what is the function of their secretion?

A

G cells secrete gastrin which is a hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the different phases of gastric secretion?

A

cephalic, gastric, intestinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is cephalic secretion stimulated by?

A

stimulated by sight, smell, taste by the vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when does gastric secretion occur?

A

when food is in the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what stimulates gastric secretion from parietal cells? (3)

A

histamine, gastrin and acetylecholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does histamine stimulate parietal cells?

A

histamine is released by enterochromaffin like cells, it binds to the H2 receptors on parietal cells and activates adenyl cyclase which generates CAMP which activates protein kinases which activates the hydrogen potassium pump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what two ways does gastrin stimulate HCL release?

A
  1. gastrin is released from G cells which binds to CCK2 receptors inducing a release of cystolic calcium ions, which activates protein kinases which activates the hydrogen potassium pump
  2. stimulates ECL cells to secrete histamine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does acetlycholine induce HCL release?

A

binds to M3 receptors to increase intracellular callcium, which activates protein kinases which activates the hydrogen potassium pump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does secretin do?

A

secreted by the duodemun in response to acid, it inhibits gastric acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where is somatostatin released and what does it do?

A

D cells in the stomach and duodenum in response to acid, it inhibits gastric acid secretion

17
Q

where is CCK secreted and what does it do?

A

duodenum, inhibits gastric secretion, stimulates the secretion of pancreatic bicarbonate and bile

18
Q

an example of H2 antagonist?

A

omeprazole

19
Q

what bacteria is responsible for gastric ulcers?

A

helicobacter pylori

20
Q

where does venous drainage from the small intestine go?

A

hepatic portal vein to the liver

21
Q

what effect does gastric acid have on proteins?

A

protein denaturation

22
Q

what breaks down proteins?

A

pepsin

23
Q

what does lipase digest?

A

triglycerol

24
Q

where does absorption begin?

A

jejunum

25
Q

why are proteases secreted as inactive precursers?

A

stops the digestive tract digesting its self

26
Q

what is the product and enzyme involved in maltose breakdown?

A

2 molecules of glucose and maltase

27
Q

what is broken down to form glucose and galactase? and what is the enzyme?

A

lactose and lactase

28
Q

what is sucrose broken down into and what is the enzyme involved?

A

fructrose and glucose and sucrase

29
Q

how is glucose and galactase absorbed?

A

active transport using sodium co transport.

30
Q

where are non digestible polysaccharidebroken down and what is this process?

A

fermentation in the colon

31
Q

benefits of non starch polysaccharide?

A

absorb bile acids and cholesterol
bacterial fermentation
absorb potential carcinogens

32
Q

what can be used to measure glucose fermentation?

A

hydrogen breath test

33
Q

where does sodium absorption take place?

A

colon

block 3 Anna (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions