Block 2 Chp. 3 Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
adip/o
A
fat
2
Q
lip/o
A
fat
3
Q
steat/o
A
fat
4
Q
derm/o
A
skin
5
Q
dermat/o
A
skin
6
Q
cutane/o
A
skin
7
Q
erythr/o
A
red
8
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
9
Q
hist/o, histi/o
A
tissue
10
Q
kerat/o
A
hard
11
Q
leuk/o
A
white
12
Q
melan/o
A
black
13
Q
myc/o
A
fungus
14
Q
onych/o
A
nail
15
Q
plas/o
A
formation
16
Q
purpur/o
A
purple
17
Q
scler/o
A
hard
18
Q
seb/o
A
sebum (oil)
19
Q
squam/o
A
scale
20
Q
trich/o
A
hair
21
Q
xanth/o
A
yellow
22
Q
xer/o
A
dry
23
Q
cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body
A
epithelium
24
Q
thin outer layer of the skin
A
epidermis
25
flat, scale-like epithelial cells comprising the outermost epidermis
squamous cell layer
26
deepest layer of epidermis
basal layer
27
cell in the basal layer that gives color to the skin
melanocyte
28
dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
melanin
29
dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin, also known as corium
dermis
30
oil glands in the skin
sebaceous glands
31
oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
sebum
32
sweat glands
sudoriferous glands
33
connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis
subcutaneous layer
34
protein substance in skin and connective tissue
collagen
35
outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin
hair
36
outgrowth of the skin, composed of keratin, at the end of each finger and toe
nail
37
hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair and nails
keratin
38
an area of pathologically altered tissue; the two types of these are primary and secondary
lesion
39
lesions arising from previously normal skin
primary lesions
40
a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1cm across (eg, a freckle)
macule, macula
41
a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm (eg, vitiligo)
patch
42
a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter (eg, a nevus [mole])
papule
43
a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of the skin
plaque
44
a solid mass greater than 1 cm that extends deeper into the epidermis
nodule
45
a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
tumor
46
an area of localized skin edema (eg, a hive)
wheal
47
little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter (eg, a fever blister)
vesicle
48
a blister larger than 0.5 cm (eg, a second-degree burn)
bulla
49
a pus-filled sac (eg, a pimple)
pustule
50
lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
secondary lesions
51
gnawed away; loss of superficial epidermis, leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (eg, area of moisture after rupture of a vesicle)
erosion
52
an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane than can bleed and scar; sometimes accompanied by infection (eg, decubitus ulcer)
ulcer
53
a scratch mark
excoriation
54
a linear crack in the skin
fissure
55
a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (eg, dandruff)
scale
56
a dried residue of serum (body liquid), pus, or blood on the skin (eg, as seen in impetigo)
crust
57
lesions of a blood vessel
vascular lesions
58
a small, round, bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
cherry angioma
59
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck, or chest
telangiectasia, spider angioma
60
purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin
purpuric lesions
61
spot; reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura
petechia
62
bruise; a black and blue mark; a large purpura
ecchymosis
63
a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
cicatrix of the skin
64
an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
keloid
65
skin tumors arising from the epidermis
epidermal tumors
66
a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular; also called a mole
nevus
67
a mole with precancerous changes
dysplastic nevus
68
an epidermal rumor caused by a papilloma virus, also called a wart
verruca
69
baldness; natural or unnatural deficiency of hair
alopecia
70
a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of a hair follicle
comedo, comedos, comedones
71
a comedo below the skin surface, with a white center (whitehead)
closed comedo
72
a comedo open to the skin surface, with a black center caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air (blackhead)
open comedo
73
appearance of a skin lesion
eruption
74
redness of skin
erythema
75
severe itching
pruritus
76
a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease
rash
77
skin color resulting from the presence of melanin
skin pigmentation
78
loss of melanin pigment in the skin
depigmentation
79
areas of skin lacking color because of deficient amounts of melanin
hypopigmentation
80
darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
hyperpigmentation
81
production of purulent matter (pus)
suppuration
82
hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompanied by itching
urticaria
83
dry skin
xeroderma
84
inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin, evidenced by comedones (blackheads), pustules, or nodules on the skin
acne
85
a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment (particularly in the eyes, skin, and hair)
albinism
86
injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
burn
87
a burn involving only the epidermis; characterized by erythema and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation)
first degree burn
88
a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia (excessive sensation), and vesications (blisters)
second degree burn
89
a burn involving all layer of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue
third degree burn
90
inflammation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus, and various lesions
dermatitis
91
any disorder of the skin
dermatosis
92
an eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
exanthematous viral disease
93
reddish; German measles
rubella
94
reddish; 14-day measles
rubeola
95
a tiny spot; chickenpox
varicella
96
to boil out; often used interchangeably with dermatitis to denote a skin condition characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale, often with sensations of itching and burning
eczema
97
boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle; caused by staphylococcosis
furuncle
98
a skin infection consisting of cluster of furuncles
carbuncle
99
a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues, which heals when drained or excised
abscess
100
an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
gangrene
101
transient viral vesicles that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose
herpes simplex virus type 1
102
sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress
herpes simplex virus type 2
103
a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves, usually unilateral; also known as shingles
herpes zoster
104
a highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted, most often around the mouth and nostrils
impetigo
105
thickened areas of epidermis
keratoses
106
localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight, a known precursor to cancer
actinic (or solar) keratoses
107
benign, wart-like tumors; more common on elderly skin
seborrheic keratoses
108
a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body
lupus
109
limited to the skin; evidenced by a characteristic rash, especially on the face, neck, and scalp
cutaneous lupus
110
a more sever from of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often vital organs
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
111
skin cancer
malignant cutaneous neoplasm
112
malignant tumor of the squamous epithelium
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
113
malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; the most common type of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
114
malignant tumor composed of melanocytes
malignant melanoma
115
malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels, appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin; often spreads to the lymph nodes and internal organs; commonly seen in patients with HIV/AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma
116
inflammation of the fingernail or toenail
onychia
117
inflammation of the nail fold
paronychia
118
infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis
pediculosis
119
head lice
pediculosis capitis
120
lice that generally infect the pubic regions and sometimes also hair of the axilla, eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, or other hairy body surfaces; also called crabs
pediculosis pubis
121
itching; a chronic, recurrent skin disease marked by silvery scales covering red patches, papules, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells; common sites of involvement are the elbows, knees, genitals, arms, legs, scalp, and nails
psoriasis
122
a contagious disease caused by a parasite (mite) that invades the skin, causing an intense itch, most often at articulations between the fingers or toes, elbow, etc.
scabies
123
a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
seborrhea
124
a group of fungal skin disease identified by the body part affected, including tinea corporis (body), commonly called ringworm, and tinea pedie (foot), also called athlete's foot
tinea
125
a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin (commonly the face, hands, legs, and genital areas)
vitiligo
126
removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathologic examination
biopsy (Bx)
127
removal of an entire lesion
excisional biopsy
128
removal of a selected portion of a lesion
incisional biopsy
129
a technique using a surgical blade to "shave" tissue from the epidermis and upper dermis
shave biopsy
130
a technique of isolating and growing colonies of microorganisms to identify a pathogen and to determine which drugs might be effective for combating the infection it has caused
culture and sensitivity (C&S)
131
a surgical technique that involves cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathologic examination
frozen section (FS)
132
methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to, or injecting it into, the skin; commonly used in treating allergies
skin tests
133
a test in which a substance is applied to the skin through a scratch
scratch test
134
a test in which a substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth
patch test
135
removal of tissue after it has been destroyed by chemical means
chemosurgery
136
a technique for restoring wrinkled, scarred, or blemished skin by applying an acid solution to "peel" away the top layers of the skin
chemical peel
137
destruction of tissue by freezing with application of an extremely cold chemical
cryosurgery
138
surgical removal of epidermis frozen by aerosol spray using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars, tattoos, and/or wrinkles
dermabrasion
139
removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and to prevent infection
debridement
140
cleaning; scraping a wound using a spoon-like cutting instrument called a curette; used for debridement
curettage
141
use of electric current to destroy tissue; the type and strength of the current and method of application vary
electrosurgical procedures
142
use of an instrument heated by electric current (cautery) to coagulate bleeding areas by burning the tissue
electrocautery
143
use of high-frequency electric currents to destroy tissue by drying it; the active electrode makes direct contact with the skin lesion
electrodesiccation
144
to lighten; use of long, high-frequency, electric sparks to destroy tissue; the active electrode does not touch the skin
fulguration
145
incision and drainage of an infected skin lesion
incision and drainage (I&D)
146
an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; an instrument that concentrates high frequencies of light into a small, extremely intense beam that is precise in depth and diameter; applied to body tissues to destroy lesions or for dissection (cutting of parts for study)
laser
147
surgery using a laser in various dermatologic procedures to remove lesions, scars, tattoos, etc.
laser surgery
148
a technique used to excise tumors of the skin by removing fresh tissue, layer by layer, until a tumor-free plane is reached
Mohs surgery
149
transfer of skin from one body site to another to replace skin that has been lost through a burn or injury
skin grafting
150
graft transfer to a new position in the body of the same person
autograft
151
graft transfer between different species, such as from animal to human
heterograft, xenograft
152
donor transfer between person of the same species, such as human to human
homograft, allograft
153
treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
chemotherapy
154
treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to deter the proliferation of malignant cells
radiation therapy
155
use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases (eg, injection of a saline solution into a dilated blood vessel tumor in the skin, resulting in hardening of the tissue within and eventual sloughing away of the lesion)
sclerotherapy
156
use of ultraviolet light to promote healing of a skin lesion (eg, an ulcer)
ultraviolet therapy
157
a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensations (eg, pain)
anesthetic
158
a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms
antibiotic
159
a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
antifungal
160
a drug that blocks the effects of histamine in the body
anithistamine
161
a regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions, causing swelling and inflammation of tissues
histamine
162
a drug that reduces inflammation
anti-inflammatory
163
a drug that relieves itching
antipruritic
164
an agent that inhibits the growth of infectious microorganisms
antiseptic
