Block 2 Chp. 11 The Ear Flashcards
1
Q
acous/o
A
hearing
2
Q
audi/o
A
hearing
3
Q
aer/o
A
air or gas
4
Q
aur/i
A
ear
5
Q
ot/o
A
ear
6
Q
cerumin/o
A
wax
7
Q
salping/o
A
Eustachian tube or uterine tube
8
Q
tympano/o
A
eardrum
9
Q
myring/o
A
eardrum
10
Q
-acusis
A
hearing condition
11
Q
external ear
A
outer structures of the ear that collect sound
12
Q
pinna
A
auricle (little ear); projected part of the external ear
13
Q
external auditory meatus or canal
A
external passage for sounds collected from the pinna to the tympanum
14
Q
cerumen
A
a waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal
15
Q
middle ear
A
Structures in the middle of the ear that vibrate sound from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear.
16
Q
tympanic membrane (TM)
A
eardrum; drum-like structure that receives sound collected in the external auditory canal and amplifies it through the middle ear
17
Q
malleus
A
hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
18
Q
incus
A
anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
19
Q
stapes
A
stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
20
Q
eustachian tube
A
tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx (throat)
21
Q
auditory tube
A
Eustachian tube
22
Q
oval window
A
membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear
23
Q
inner ear
A
intricate, fluid-filled, intercommunicating bony and membranous passages that function in hearing by relaying sound waves to auditory nerve fibers on a path to the brain for interpretation; also sense body movements and position to maintain balance and equilibrium
24
Q
labyrinth
A
inner ear
25
cochlea
coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti
26
perilymph
fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the inner ear
27
endolymph
fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear
28
organ of Corti
structure located in the cochlea; contains receptors (hair cells) that receive vibrations and generate nerve impulses for hearing
29
vestibule
middle part of the inner ear, in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea, that contains the utricle and the saccule; functions to provide body balance and equilibrium
30
utricle
the larger of two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear
31
saccule
the smaller of two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear
32
semicircular canals
three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement
33
otalgia
earache
34
otodynia
earache
35
otorrhagia
bleeding from the ear
36
otorrhea
purulent (consisting of/containing pus) drainage from the ear
37
tinnitus
a jingling; a ringing or buzzing in the ear
38
vertigo
a turning round; dizziness
39
otitis externa
inflammation of the external auditory meatus
40
cerumen impaction
excessive buildup of wax in the ear that often reduces hearing acuity, especially in elderly persons
41
myringitis
inflammation of the eardrum
42
tympanitis
inflammation of the eardrum
43
otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
44
aerotitis media
inflammation of the middle ear from changes in atmospheric pressure; often occurs with frequent air travel
45
Eustachian obstruction
blockage of the Eustachian tube, usually as a result of infection, as in otitis media
46
otosclerosis
hardening of the bony tissue in the ear
47
acoustic neuroma
benign tumor on the auditory nerve (8th cranial nerve) that causes vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss
48
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the labyrinth (inner ear)
49
Meniere disease
disorder of the inner ear resulting from an excessive buildup of endolymphatic fluid, causing episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss; one or both ears can be affected, and attacks vary in both frequency and intensity
50
deafness
general term for partial or complete loss of hearing
51
conductive hearing loss
hearing impairment caused by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal, middle ear, or ossicles
52
sensorineural hearing loss
hearing impairment caused by lesions of dysfunction of the cochlea or auditory nerve
53
mixed hearing loss
combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss
54
presbyacusis
hearing impairment in old age
55
presbycusis
hearing impairment in old age
56
audiometry
process of measuring hearing
57
audiometer
instrument to measure hearing
58
audiogram
record of hearing measurement
59
audiologist
health professional who specializes in the study of hearing impairments
60
auditory acuity testing
physical assessment of hearing; useful in differentiating between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss
61
tuning fork
a two-pronged, fork-like instrument that vibrates when struck; used to test hearing, especially bone conduction
62
brainstem auditory evoked potential (BEAP)
electrodiagnostic testing that uses computerized equipment to measure involuntary responses to sound within the auditory nervous system; commonly used to assess hearing in newborns
63
brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)
same as BEAP
64
otoscopy
use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane
65
pneumatic otoscopy
otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane as air is released into the external auditory meatus; immobility indicates the presence of middle ear effusion (fluid buildup), as occurs as a result of otitis media
66
tympanometry
measurement of the compliance and mobility (conductibility) of the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear by monitoring the response to external airflow pressures
67
microsurgery
surgery with the use of a microscope used on delicate tissue, such as the ear
68
myringotomy
incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small polythylene (PE) tube to keep the canal open and prevent fluid buildup, such as occurs in otitis media
69
tympanostomy
same as myringotomy
70
otoplasty
surgical repair of the external ear
71
stapedectomy
excision of the stapes to correct otosclerosis
72
tympanoplasty
vein graft of a scarred tympanic membrane to improve sound conduction
73
auditory prosthesis
any internal or external device that improves or substitutes for natural hearing
74
hearing aid
an external amplifying device designed to improve hearing by more effective collection of sound into the ear
75
cochlear implant
an electronic device implanted in the cochlea that provides sound perception to patients with severe or profound sensorineural (nerve) hearing loss in both ears
76
ear lavage
irrigation of the external ear canal, often to remove excessive buildup of cerumen
77
ear instillation
introduction of a medicated solution into the external canal, usually administered by drop (gt) or drops (gtt) in the affected ears.
78
antibiotic
a drug that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms; used to treat diseases caused by bacteria
79
antihistamine
a drug that blocks the effects of histamine
80
histamine
a regulatory body substance released in allergic reactions, causing swelling and inflammation of tissues; seen in hay fever and urticaria (hives)
81
antiinflammatory
a drug that reduces inflammation
82
decongestant
a drug that reduces congestion and swelling of membranes, such as those of the nose and Eustachian tube in an infection
83
BAEP
brainstem auditory evoked potential
84
BAER
brainstem auditory evoked response
85
ENT
ear, nose, and throat
86
PE
polyethylene
87
TM
tympanic membrane
