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414 Ground School > Block 1 > Flashcards

Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Learning?

A

A change in behavior due to an experience

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2
Q

The accuracy and strength of Learning is dependent upon ______

A

Experience(s)

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3
Q

What are the CHARACTERISTICS of Learning?

A

RAMP

  1. Result of an Experience
  2. Active Process
  3. Multifaceted
  4. Purposeful
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4
Q

What are the different learning STYLES?

A

Creative vs Analytical
Holistic vs Serial
Dependent vs Independent
Reflective vs Impulsive

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5
Q

What are the LAWS of learning?

A 
(PEERRI)
Primacy
Exercise
Effect
Recency
Readiness
Intensity
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6
Q

Explain the STEPS in the learning process? What a student needs to have/experience in order to learn (there are 5)

A
  1. Having the “Need to Learn”
  2. Learning Experience
  3. Sensations
  4. Perceptions
  5. Insights
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7
Q

What are 6 factors affecting HOW a person develops their Perceptions?

A 
Self Concept
Basic Needs
Physical Organism
Goals/Values
Time/Opportunity
Threat
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8
Q

What are the Levels of Learning? (4 main) How does a student pass through these levels?

A
  1. Rote
  2. Understanding
  3. Application
  4. Correlation
    - These levels of learning all build on each other in various orders
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9
Q

Explain the Learning Domains

A
  1. Cognitive = knowledge
  2. Effective = attitudes/beliefs
  3. Psycho-motor
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10
Q

What factors affect the RATE of learning? (there are 5)

A
  1. Motivation
  2. Anxiety/Fear
  3. Physical State
  4. Instructor Technique
  5. Intelligence
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11
Q

What is a learning plateau? How does the flight instructor correct it?

A
  • A period where there is little/no improvement
  • Correct by reassuring the student that this is normal, do related maneuvers, maneuvers they do well, and check instructor technique
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12
Q

Going from driving a car and then taxiing an a/c, students may want to turn with the control wheel, and not the rudder. This is an example of a ______ transfer of learning

A

Negative

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13
Q

What is a positive transfer of learning? What LEVEL of learning must the student be at to be able to have this transfer?

A
  • When the learning of one task HELPS with the learning of another task
  • Student must be at least at the Understanding Level of Learning
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14
Q

How can an instructor avoid negative transfer?

A
  • Have student sit on hands when taxiing
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15
Q

Getting in a new a/c and reaching for switches/levers in the incorrect place is an example of a _____ transfer of learning

A

Negative

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16
Q

Student _____ is the dominant force in learning. How can you maintain this in you student?

A
  • Motivation
  • The desire to do something, and how hard you want to work
  • To maintain: Explain WHY, set realistic goals, be enthusiastic, give praise/be positive!
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17
Q

Keeping the student informed on their progress, setting realistic goals and establishing a rewards system are all great example of how you can keep your student:

A

MOTIVATED!

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18
Q

What are the 3 main theories of Retention and Forgetting?

A
  1. Disuse (recency law)
  2. Interference
  3. Repression
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19
Q

Explain the hierarchy of human needs.

A 
Self-Actualization (highest)
Egoistic
Social
Safety
Physical (lowest)
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20
Q

Why do students use defense mechanisms?

A

They can’t accept their poor performance

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21
Q

Repression, denial, projection rationalism and fantasy are example of:

A

Defense mechanisms

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22
Q

Blaming poor performance on “the sun being in my eyes” is an example of what defense mechanism?

A

Rationalism

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23
Q

Disguising a poor quality by emphasizing a good quality is an example of what defense mechanism?

A

Compensation

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24
Q

Blaming your unsat on your instructor is an example of what defense mechanism?

A

Projection

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25
Q

Getting mad at your boss and then kicking your dog is an example of what defense mechanism?

A

Displacement

26
Q

Explain the importance of student motivation in the learning process. How can you promote it?

27
Q

Rapid, automatic response and rational thinking are considered to be ____ reactions to stress

A

Normal reactions

28
Q

Inappropriate laughing or singing, a marked mood change or anger are considered to be ____ reactions to stress

A

Inappropriate reactions

29
Q

Define Effective Communication

A

When the listener changes their behavior and responds correctly (greatly relies on Interpretation)

30
Q

Explain some of the barriers to human communication

A
  • Sharing dissimilar experiences!!!

- Confusion between symbols and terminology

31
Q

WHY does a pilot need to know about Weight and Balance?

A
  • Main reason is for safety
    1. Identify safety issues (stability, control-ability and adequate performance)
    2. Required by regulation/ACS
    3. Efficiency
32
Q

What needs to be covered when teaching weight and balance?

33
Q

What is a proper teaching sequence for teaching weight and balance? (8 steps, 4-6 are specific)

A
  1. Define it
  2. Explain WHY it is important to learn
  3. Define terms (moment, arm, datum, etc.)
  4. Effects of weight and CG location
  5. Basic balancing
  6. Give weight and balance Problems
  7. Student Application
  8. Review and Evaluate
34
Q

What section of the POH will have the CG limits?

35
Q

What section of the POH has a/c limitations?

36
Q

What section of the POH has a/c Performance?

37
Q

Explain some common errors encountered when teaching Weight and Balance?

A
  1. Mathematical
  2. Understanding CG and how to bring it back within limits
  3. Locating and using the proper empty weight info.
  4. Hesitant to load a/c to MAX weight
38
Q

WHY does a pilot need to know about Aircraft Performance?

A
  • Mainly for Efficiency and Safety implications

- Computing for ACS

39
Q

What is a proper teaching sequence for teaching aircraft performance? (6 steps)

A
  1. Define it
  2. WHY its important
  3. Define terms (ground roll, DA, PA, dist. over 50’ obst.)
  4. Factors AFFECTING a/c performance in ALL phases of flight (including glide range, CAS/TAS, xwind, etc.)
  5. Student Application
  6. Review and Evaluation
40
Q

What is one of the most important things in teaching a/c performance to students in a training environment?

A
  • Making the student realize that a/c DOES MATTER

- You will not always be in a training situation

41
Q

Explain the common student errors encountered after teaching Aircraft Performance? (think about actually calculating your performance)

A
  1. Student’s do not understand HOW performance is affected
  2. Not accurate enough
  3. Confusing terms (ISA, ground roll, total distance, etc.)
  4. Failure to note conditions on performance charts
  5. Confusion when using graph vs table interpolation
  6. Don’t know where to find wx for use
42
Q

When a student puts meaning to sensations, they are developing _______

A

Perceptions

43
Q

_____ are what occur when you gain enough perceptions

44
Q

What are the factors that determine how much lift a wing will produce? (4 main)

A
  • AOA
  • Air density
  • Speed of the airfoil
  • Size and shape of the airfoil
45
Q

Is lift still being produced in a stall?

46
Q

What causes the “buffet” in a stall?

A

The separated turbulent airflow striking the HORIZONTAL TAIL

47
Q

What causes the nose of the airplane to pitch down after the stall under normal load conditions?

A

The downwash decreases and the tail down force is reduced

48
Q

Why is induced drag reduced in ground effect?

A

The average relative wind is DECREASED forcing the lift to act in a more vertical position

49
Q

What causes a skidding turn?

A

Too much rudder for the amount of bank.

50
Q

Assuming the center of thrust is in alignment with the longitudinal axis, what causes the nose of the airplane to pitch up when power is increased on an aircraft with a conventional tail?

A

Increased airflow over the tail increases the tail down force

51
Q

How does dihedral promote positive lateral stability?

A

When the bank is displaced the inside wing has more AOA, which raises the wing back to level flight.

52
Q

What type of aileron input is needed to maintain a shallow bank turn?

53
Q

What causes adverse yaw?

A

The outside wing has more speed; hence more drag, so the airplane initially yaws to the outside of the turn.

54
Q

The law stating that a students needs must be met before they can learn is the law of:

55
Q

The law stating that learning it strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant/satisfying feeling is the law of:

56
Q

The law stating that connections are strengthened with practice is the law of:

57
Q

The law stating that immediate, exciting or dramatic learning connected to a real life situation teaches a learner more is the law of:

58
Q

What factors affect Va?

A

Aircraft weight, turbulence

59
Q

What factors affect stall speed?

A

Bank angle, load factor, a/c weight, CG location (FWD = increased), configuration (Flaps = decreased)

60
Q

What is max range? What factors affect max range?

A
  • Max distance traveled over the ground

- Air density, a/c weight, wind, altitude, TAS

61
Q

What is max endurance? What factors affect max endurance?

A
  • Time aloft

- Altitude, a/c weight, turbulence, Air density

62
Q

What is Best Glide? What factors effect Best Glide?

A
  • To fly the longest distance per unit of altitude lost

- A/c weight, configuration, L/D max (min. drag), wind

414 Ground School (9 decks)

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