Bleeding Disrders

Question 1

Causes of abnormal bleeding

Answer 1

1. Vascular disorders
2. Thrombocytopenia
3. Defective platelet function
4. Defective coagulation

Question 2

Common symptoms of bleeding disorders

Answer 2

• Epistaxis
• Gingivalbleeds
• Bruising
• PurpuraorPetechiae
• Menorrhagia
• Jointbleeds
• Musclebleeds
• Chronicanaemia

Question 3

Platelets /vessel wall diseases

Answer 3

-mucosal bleeding is common
-petechiae is common
-deep haematomas are rare
-persistent bleeding from skin cuts
-equal in both genders

Question 4

Coagulation diseases

Answer 4

-rare mucosal bleeding
-rare petechiae
-deep heamatomas
-minimal bleeding from skin cuts
-more than 80% affected are males

Question 5

2 types of bleeding disorders

Answer 5

• Quantitative (reduced number) ,(<150 x 109/L)
• Thrombocytopenia

• Qualitative (reduced function)
• Acquired
• Inherited (rare)

Question 6

THROMBOCYTOPENIA

Question 7

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 7

• QuantitativeDisorder
• Plateletcountbelow150x109/L • Mostcommonplateletdisorder • Mostcommonlyacquired
• Reducedproduction(moresevere)orincreaseddestruction
• Plateletcounts>50×109/L-donotleadtoclinicalproblems.
• Plateletcounts<30×109/L-bruisingandpurpuraandprolongedbleedingtimes. • Plateletcount<10×109/L-Clinicallysignificantspontaneousbleeding

Question 8

Causes of thrombocytopia

Answer 8

• Conditions that cause systemic thrombosis
• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
• Cause consumption of platelets.
• Autoimmune diseases
• Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
• Form antibodies against platelets initiating their removal

• Drug-induced thrombocytopenia
• Heparin induced thrombosis (HIT)
• Vaccine-induce thrombosis and thrombocytopenia (VITT)

• Conditions that alter the bone marrow
• Aplastic anaemia
• Cancer and cancer treatments
• Infections
• Hypersplenism
• Removes too many platelets • Pregnancy
• Surgery