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Hematology > Bleeding and Clotting Disorders > Flashcards

Bleeding and Clotting Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is a normal Hgb value

A

Around 14 mg/dL (lower in females)

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2
Q

What is the most common hemophilia?

A

Hemophilia A

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3
Q

What is the factor involved in Hemophilia A?

A

Congenital factor 8 deficiency , X-linked recessive disorder

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4
Q

What is the factor involved in Hemophilia B?

A

Factor IX (9) deficiency, x-linked recessive disorder

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5
Q

What is the factor involved in Hemophilia C?

A

Factor XI (11) deficiency, heritable but not x-linked

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6
Q

What is the most common presenting symptom in hemophilia?

A

Hemarthrosis- bleeding into a joint

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7
Q

What defines a “target joint”

A

4 or more bleeds in the same joint within 6 months

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8
Q

How is the function of the intrinsic pathway measured?

A

With a aPTT

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9
Q

How is the function of the extrinsic pathway measured?

A

PT

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10
Q

What is the finding on a aPTT in someone testing positive for hemophilia?

A

Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

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11
Q

What is the treatment for hemophilia?

A

Mainstay is factor replacement with factor concentrate (human derived or recombinant)

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12
Q

What is an alternative treatment for Hemophilia A?

A

Desmopressin (DDAVP) (only for mild or moderate disease)

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13
Q

What adjunctive treatments should be avoided in persons with hemophilia?

A

NSAIDS
Anticoagulants including ASA
Antiplatelet agents

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14
Q

What bleeding disorder is most associated with females?

A

Von Willebrand’s Disease (VWD)

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15
Q

What pathway is Willebrand’s Factor apart of?

A

Intrinsic Pathway

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16
Q

What pathway is Willebrand’s Factor apart of?

A

Intrinsic Pathway

17
Q

What is the role of Von Willbrand’s Factor?

A

Bind to factor VIII to extend its half life

18
Q

What is the most severe form of VWD?

A

Type 3

19
Q

What is the treatment for Type 1 VWD?

A

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

20
Q

What is the treatment for Type 3 VWD?

A

Replacement of vWF

21
Q

What are secondary or acquired reasons for hyper-coagulable states?

A

Malignancy
Pregnancy
Immobilization
Surgery or Trauma
Medications
Myeloproliferative disorders
Nephrotic syndrome

22
Q

What medications can cause secondary hypercoagulable states?

A

OCPs
Hormone Replacement
Tamoxifen

23
Q

What proteins are natural anticoagulants?

A

Protein C and Protein S

24
Q

What is the treatment for Protein C Deficiency?

A

Anticoagulation, Protein C concentrate

25
Q

What is the treatment for Protein S Deficiency?

A

Anticoagulation

26
Q

What is the treatment for Antithrombin Deficiency?

A

Anticoagulation, antithrombin concentrate

27
Q

What are the two common inherited blood clotting disorders?

A

Factor V Leiden Mutation
Prothrombin Gene Mutation

28
Q

Is Heparin giving outpatient?

A

No, just in the inpatient setting

Hematology (9 decks)

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