Bladder

Question 1

What is neurogenic bladder?

Answer 1

Loss of voluntary control of bladder

Question 2

What is reflux?

Answer 2

When UVJ valve isn’t working properly + causes a backup in the ureters and kidneys

Question 3

What is diverticula?

Answer 3

Extra urine pouch, echogenic wall that connects it to the main bladder

Question 4

What is trabeculation?

Answer 4

Thick + irregular bladder wall

Question 5

What is cystitis?

Answer 5

Inflamed bladder due to infection

Question 6

Are ureters normally seen?

Answer 6

No, only if dilated

Question 7

When does residual volume increase?

Answer 7

-Age
-Obstruction
-Chronic cystitis
-Cancer

Question 8

When does capacity decrease?

Answer 8

-Pelvic masses
-Radiation
-Surgery
-Pelvic + urinary inflammatory diseases

Question 9

What does a catheter look like in bladder?

Answer 9

Echogenic circle

Question 10

How does the bladder look in SAG + TRV?

Answer 10

SAG - triagnular
TRV - square (inferior) + round (superior)

Question 11

Measurement of bladder wall?

Answer 11

-Less than 3mm when filled/distended

-Up to 5mm when empty

Question 12

M/c approach to assess bladder?

Answer 12

Transabdominally

Question 13

What is micturition?

Answer 13

Urinating

Question 14

What is incontinence?

Answer 14

Involuntary urination due to aging or trauma

Question 15

What is retention?

Answer 15

Inability to empty bladder + urinate

Question 16

What is enuresis?

Answer 16

Involuntary urination

Question 17

What is nocturia enuresis?

Answer 17

Bedwetting

Question 18

What is nocturia?

Answer 18

Needing to go to the bathroom frequently during the night

Question 19

What area do the ureters insert into the bladder?

Answer 19

Into the trigone area (posterioinferior portion)

Question 20

Length of ureters?

Answer 20

30cm

Question 21

What allows urine to enter the bladder + prevents it from being regurgitated?

Answer 21

The UVJ

Question 22

Where is the bladder located in females?

Answer 22

Bladder is anterior to uterus

Question 23

Where is the bladder located in males?

Answer 23

Bladder is anterior to prostate

Question 24

What is the trigone area?

Answer 24

-Triangular region on floor of bladder that contains no rugae
-3 orifices: 2 ureteric, 1 uretheral

Question 25

What is the UVJ?

Answer 25

Where ureters insert into bladder

Question 26

What do the rugae/folds do?

Answer 26

Allow for expansion of bladder

Question 27

What is the inner mucous membrane of bladder made of?

Answer 27

Transitional epithelium

Question 28

Does the blood volume increase or decrease with age?

Answer 28

Increase